修改sys. exe的值。Stdout将所有调用的目的地更改为打印。如果您使用另一种方法来更改打印的目的地，则会得到相同的结果。

你的bug在别的地方:

它可能在你为你的问题删除的代码中(filename从哪里来的调用打开?) 也可能是您没有等待数据被刷新:如果您在终端上打印，则在每换行后都会刷新数据，但如果您打印到文件中，则仅在stdout缓冲区满时才会刷新数据(在大多数系统上为4096字节)。

Python 2或Python 3 API参考:

Print (*objects, sep=' '， end='\n'， file=sys. txt)stdout,冲洗= False) file参数必须是一个具有write(string)方法的对象;如果不存在或为None，则sys。将使用Stdout。由于打印参数被转换为文本字符串，print()不能用于二进制模式的文件对象。对于这些，使用file.write(…)代替。

由于文件对象通常包含write()方法，您所需要做的就是将一个文件对象传递到它的参数中。

写入/覆盖到文件

with open('file.txt', 'w') as f:
    print('hello world', file=f)

写入/追加到文件

with open('file.txt', 'a') as f:
    print('hello world', file=f)

这是我用来打印到文件/日志的另一种方法…修改内置的打印函数，使其记录到具有当前时间戳的temp目录中的文件，并打印到stdout。在脚本中这样做的唯一真正好处是不需要去修改现有的打印语句。

print('test')

test

复制原始打印函数到新变量

og_print = print
og_print('test2')

test2

覆盖现有的打印功能

def print(*msg):
    '''print and log!'''
    # import datetime for timestamps
    import datetime as dt
    # convert input arguments to strings for concatenation
    message = []
    for m in msg:
        message.append(str(m))
    message = ' '.join(message)
    # append to the log file
    with open('/tmp/test.log','a') as log:
        log.write(f'{dt.datetime.now()} | {message}\n')
    # print the message using the copy of the original print function to stdout
    og_print(message)

print('test3')

test3

显示文件

cat /tmp/test.log

2022-01-25 10:19:11.045062 | test3

删除文件

rm /tmp/test.log

我在过去用来输出一些字典的东西如下:

# sample dictionary
the_dict = {'a': 'no', 'c': 'yes', 'b': 'try again'}

# path to output to
dict_path = "D:/path.txt"

# script to output file
with open(dict_path, "w") as f:
    for idx, data in the_dict.items():
        print(idx, data, file=f)

输出的文件如下所示:

a no
c yes
b try again

在python 3中，你可以重新赋值print:

#!/usr/bin/python3

def other_fn():
    #This will use the print function that's active when the function is called
    print("Printing from function")

file_name = "test.txt"
with open(file_name, "w+") as f_out:
    py_print = print #Need to use this to restore builtin print later, and to not induce recursion
   
    print = lambda out_str : py_print(out_str, file=f_out)
    
    #If you'd like, for completeness, you can include args+kwargs
    print = lambda *args, **kwargs : py_print(*args, file=f_out, **kwargs)
    
    print("Writing to %s" %(file_name))

    other_fn()  #Writes to file

    #Must restore builtin print, or you'll get 'I/O operation on closed file'
    #If you attempt to print after this block
    print = py_print

print("Printing to stdout")
other_fn() #Writes to console/stdout

注意，来自other_fn的print仅切换输出，因为print在全局作用域中被重新赋值。如果在函数中赋值print, other_fn中的print通常不受影响。如果我们想影响所有的打印调用，我们可以使用global关键字:

import builtins

def other_fn():
    #This will use the print function that's active when the function is called
    print("Printing from function")

def main():
    global print #Without this, other_fn will use builtins.print
    file_name = "test.txt"
    with open(file_name, "w+") as f_out:

        print = lambda *args, **kwargs : builtins.print(*args, file=f_out, **kwargs)

        print("Writing to %s" %(file_name))

        other_fn()  #Writes to file

        #Must restore builtin print, or you'll get 'I/O operation on closed file'
        #If you attempt to print after this block
        print = builtins.print

    print("Printing to stdout")
    other_fn() #Writes to console/stdout

就我个人而言，我更倾向于通过将输出文件描述符烘焙到一个新函数中来避免使用print函数的要求:

file_name = "myoutput.txt"
with open(file_name, "w+") as outfile:
    fprint = lambda pstring : print(pstring, file=outfile)
    print("Writing to stdout")
    fprint("Writing to %s" % (file_name))

我能够破解这个使用以下方法。它将使用这个打印函数而不是内置的打印函数，并将内容保存到一个文件中。

from __future__ import print_function
import builtins as __builtin__

log = open("log.txt", "a")

def print(*args):
    newLine = ""
    for item in args:
        newLine = newLine + str(item) + " "
    newLine = (
        newLine
        + """
"""
    )
    log.write(newLine)
    log.flush()
    __builtin__.print(*args)
    return