是否有一种方法使用SQL列出给定表的所有外键?我知道表名/模式,我可以把它插入。
当前回答
我自己的贡献。目标是备份所有外键的定义:
SELECT
'ALTER TABLE ' || tc.table_schema || '.' || tc.table_name || E'\n
ADD FOREIGN KEY (' || kcu.column_name || ')' || E'\n
REFERENCES ' || ccu.table_schema || '.' || ccu.table_name ||
' (' || ccu.column_name || ') ' || E'\n ' ||
CASE WHEN rc.match_option <> 'NONE' THEN E'\n
MATCH ' || rc.match_option ELSE '' END ||
CASE WHEN rc.update_rule <> 'NO ACTION' THEN E'\n
ON UPDATE ' || rc.update_rule || ' ' ELSE '' END ||
CASE WHEN rc.delete_rule <> 'NO ACTION'
THEN 'ON DELETE ' || rc.delete_rule ELSE '' END || ';'
AS add_constraint
FROM
information_schema.table_constraints AS tc
JOIN information_schema.key_column_usage AS kcu
ON tc.constraint_name = kcu.constraint_name
AND tc.table_schema = kcu.table_schema
JOIN information_schema.constraint_column_usage AS ccu
ON ccu.constraint_name = tc.constraint_name
AND ccu.table_schema = tc.table_schema
JOIN information_schema.referential_constraints AS rc
ON tc.constraint_name=rc.constraint_name
WHERE tc.constraint_type = 'FOREIGN KEY'
\t\a\g\a\ta
其他回答
你可以使用PostgreSQL系统目录。也许您可以查询pg_constraint来请求外键。 您还可以使用信息模式
为了扩展Martin的精彩回答,这里有一个查询,它允许您根据父表进行过滤,并显示每个父表的子表的名称,以便您可以根据父表中的外键约束查看所有依赖的表/列。
select
con.constraint_name,
att2.attname as "child_column",
cl.relname as "parent_table",
att.attname as "parent_column",
con.child_table,
con.child_schema
from
(select
unnest(con1.conkey) as "parent",
unnest(con1.confkey) as "child",
con1.conname as constraint_name,
con1.confrelid,
con1.conrelid,
cl.relname as child_table,
ns.nspname as child_schema
from
pg_class cl
join pg_namespace ns on cl.relnamespace = ns.oid
join pg_constraint con1 on con1.conrelid = cl.oid
where con1.contype = 'f'
) con
join pg_attribute att on
att.attrelid = con.confrelid and att.attnum = con.child
join pg_class cl on
cl.oid = con.confrelid
join pg_attribute att2 on
att2.attrelid = con.conrelid and att2.attnum = con.parent
where cl.relname like '%parent_table%'
使用Key所引用的主键的名称并查询information_schema:
select table_name, column_name
from information_schema.key_column_usage
where constraint_name IN (select constraint_name
from information_schema.referential_constraints
where unique_constraint_name = 'TABLE_NAME_pkey')
这里'TABLE_NAME_pkey'是外键引用的主键的名称。
我创建了一个小工具来查询和比较数据库模式: Dump PostgreSQL数据库模式到文本
有关于FK的信息,但ollyc的回复提供了更多的细节。
只需替换'您的表名'在下面的查询与您的表名。
简短但贴心的赞,如果对你有用的话。
select * from information_schema.key_column_usage
where constraint_catalog=current_catalog and table_name='your_table_name'
and position_in_unique_constraint notnull;