是否有一种方法使用SQL列出给定表的所有外键?我知道表名/模式,我可以把它插入。
当前回答
为了扩展Martin的精彩回答,这里有一个查询,它允许您根据父表进行过滤,并显示每个父表的子表的名称,以便您可以根据父表中的外键约束查看所有依赖的表/列。
select
con.constraint_name,
att2.attname as "child_column",
cl.relname as "parent_table",
att.attname as "parent_column",
con.child_table,
con.child_schema
from
(select
unnest(con1.conkey) as "parent",
unnest(con1.confkey) as "child",
con1.conname as constraint_name,
con1.confrelid,
con1.conrelid,
cl.relname as child_table,
ns.nspname as child_schema
from
pg_class cl
join pg_namespace ns on cl.relnamespace = ns.oid
join pg_constraint con1 on con1.conrelid = cl.oid
where con1.contype = 'f'
) con
join pg_attribute att on
att.attrelid = con.confrelid and att.attnum = con.child
join pg_class cl on
cl.oid = con.confrelid
join pg_attribute att2 on
att2.attrelid = con.conrelid and att2.attnum = con.parent
where cl.relname like '%parent_table%'
其他回答
SELECT
conrelid::regclass AS table_from,
conname,
pg_get_constraintdef(oid) as condef
FROM pg_catalog.pg_constraint r
也适用于所有约束条件。例如,使用pysql:
从最流行的答案改进查询
因为对于postgresql 12+ information_schema是非常慢的
它帮助了我:
SELECT sh.nspname AS table_schema,
tbl.relname AS table_name,
col.attname AS column_name,
referenced_sh.nspname AS foreign_table_schema,
referenced_tbl.relname AS foreign_table_name,
referenced_field.attname AS foreign_column_name
FROM pg_constraint c
INNER JOIN pg_namespace AS sh ON sh.oid = c.connamespace
INNER JOIN (SELECT oid, unnest(conkey) as conkey FROM pg_constraint) con ON c.oid = con.oid
INNER JOIN pg_class tbl ON tbl.oid = c.conrelid
INNER JOIN pg_attribute col ON (col.attrelid = tbl.oid AND col.attnum = con.conkey)
INNER JOIN pg_class referenced_tbl ON c.confrelid = referenced_tbl.oid
INNER JOIN pg_namespace AS referenced_sh ON referenced_sh.oid = referenced_tbl.relnamespace
INNER JOIN (SELECT oid, unnest(confkey) as confkey FROM pg_constraint) conf ON c.oid = conf.oid
INNER JOIN pg_attribute referenced_field ON (referenced_field.attrelid = c.confrelid AND referenced_field.attnum = conf.confkey)
WHERE c.contype = 'f'
以下是Andreas Joseph Krogh从PostgreSQL邮件列表提供的解决方案:http://www.postgresql.org/message-id/200811072134.44750.andreak@officenet.no
SELECT source_table::regclass, source_attr.attname AS source_column,
target_table::regclass, target_attr.attname AS target_column
FROM pg_attribute target_attr, pg_attribute source_attr,
(SELECT source_table, target_table, source_constraints[i] source_constraints, target_constraints[i] AS target_constraints
FROM
(SELECT conrelid as source_table, confrelid AS target_table, conkey AS source_constraints, confkey AS target_constraints,
generate_series(1, array_upper(conkey, 1)) AS i
FROM pg_constraint
WHERE contype = 'f'
) query1
) query2
WHERE target_attr.attnum = target_constraints AND target_attr.attrelid = target_table AND
source_attr.attnum = source_constraints AND source_attr.attrelid = source_table;
这个解决方案处理引用多个列的外键,并避免重复(其他一些答案无法做到这一点)。我唯一改变的是变量名。
下面是一个示例,返回所有引用权限表的雇员列:
SELECT source_column
FROM foreign_keys
WHERE source_table = 'employee'::regclass AND target_table = 'permission'::regclass;
我创建了一个小工具来查询和比较数据库模式: Dump PostgreSQL数据库模式到文本
有关于FK的信息,但ollyc的回复提供了更多的细节。
只需替换'您的表名'在下面的查询与您的表名。
简短但贴心的赞,如果对你有用的话。
select * from information_schema.key_column_usage
where constraint_catalog=current_catalog and table_name='your_table_name'
and position_in_unique_constraint notnull;
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