是否有一种方法使用SQL列出给定表的所有外键?我知道表名/模式,我可以把它插入。
当前回答
使用Key所引用的主键的名称并查询information_schema:
select table_name, column_name
from information_schema.key_column_usage
where constraint_name IN (select constraint_name
from information_schema.referential_constraints
where unique_constraint_name = 'TABLE_NAME_pkey')
这里'TABLE_NAME_pkey'是外键引用的主键的名称。
其他回答
$1 ('my_schema')是模式,$2 ('my_table')是表名:
SELECT ss.conname constraint_name, a.attname column_name, ss.refnamespace fk_table_schema, ss.reflname fk_table_name, af.attname fk_column_name
FROM pg_attribute a, pg_attribute af,
(SELECT r.oid roid, c.conname, rf.relname reflname, information_schema._pg_expandarray(c.conkey) x,
nrf.nspname refnamespace, rf.oid rfoid, information_schema._pg_expandarray(cf.confkey) xf
FROM pg_namespace nr, pg_class r, pg_constraint c,
pg_namespace nrf, pg_class rf, pg_constraint cf
WHERE nr.oid = r.relnamespace
AND r.oid = c.conrelid
AND rf.oid = cf.confrelid
AND c.conname = cf.conname
AND nrf.oid = rf.relnamespace
AND nr.nspname = $1
AND r.relname = $2) ss
WHERE ss.roid = a.attrelid AND a.attnum = (ss.x).x AND NOT a.attisdropped
AND ss.rfoid = af.attrelid AND af.attnum = (ss.xf).x AND NOT af.attisdropped
ORDER BY ss.conname, a.attname;
从最流行的答案改进查询
因为对于postgresql 12+ information_schema是非常慢的
它帮助了我:
SELECT sh.nspname AS table_schema,
tbl.relname AS table_name,
col.attname AS column_name,
referenced_sh.nspname AS foreign_table_schema,
referenced_tbl.relname AS foreign_table_name,
referenced_field.attname AS foreign_column_name
FROM pg_constraint c
INNER JOIN pg_namespace AS sh ON sh.oid = c.connamespace
INNER JOIN (SELECT oid, unnest(conkey) as conkey FROM pg_constraint) con ON c.oid = con.oid
INNER JOIN pg_class tbl ON tbl.oid = c.conrelid
INNER JOIN pg_attribute col ON (col.attrelid = tbl.oid AND col.attnum = con.conkey)
INNER JOIN pg_class referenced_tbl ON c.confrelid = referenced_tbl.oid
INNER JOIN pg_namespace AS referenced_sh ON referenced_sh.oid = referenced_tbl.relnamespace
INNER JOIN (SELECT oid, unnest(confkey) as confkey FROM pg_constraint) conf ON c.oid = conf.oid
INNER JOIN pg_attribute referenced_field ON (referenced_field.attrelid = c.confrelid AND referenced_field.attnum = conf.confkey)
WHERE c.contype = 'f'
扩展到ollyc配方:
CREATE VIEW foreign_keys_view AS
SELECT
tc.table_name, kcu.column_name,
ccu.table_name AS foreign_table_name,
ccu.column_name AS foreign_column_name
FROM
information_schema.table_constraints AS tc
JOIN information_schema.key_column_usage
AS kcu ON tc.constraint_name = kcu.constraint_name
JOIN information_schema.constraint_column_usage
AS ccu ON ccu.constraint_name = tc.constraint_name
WHERE constraint_type = 'FOREIGN KEY';
然后:
SELECT * FROM foreign_keys_view WHERE table_name='YourTableNameHere';
SELECT
conrelid::regclass AS table_from,
conname,
pg_get_constraintdef(oid) as condef
FROM pg_catalog.pg_constraint r
也适用于所有约束条件。例如,使用pysql:
你可以使用PostgreSQL系统目录。也许您可以查询pg_constraint来请求外键。 您还可以使用信息模式