这是OSX 10.6用户经常讨论的问题，但我还没有找到一个有效的解决方案。下面是我的设置:
Python 2.6.1 64bit
Django 1.2.1 "
MySQL 5.1.47 osx10.6 64bit
我用——no-site-packages创建了一个virtualenvwrapper，然后安装Django。当我激活virtualenv并运行python manage.py syncdb时，我得到这个错误:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "manage.py", line 11, in <module>
execute_manager(settings)
File "/Users/joerobinson/.virtualenvs/dj_tut/lib/python2.6/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 438, in execute_manager
utility.execute()
File "/Users/joerobinson/.virtualenvs/dj_tut/lib/python2.6/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 379, in execute
self.fetch_command(subcommand).run_from_argv(self.argv)
File "/Users/joerobinson/.virtualenvs/dj_tut/lib/python2.6/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 257, in fetch_command
klass = load_command_class(app_name, subcommand)
File "/Users/joerobinson/.virtualenvs/dj_tut/lib/python2.6/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 67, in load_command_class
module = import_module('%s.management.commands.%s' % (app_name, name))
File "/Users/joerobinson/.virtualenvs/dj_tut/lib/python2.6/site-packages/django/utils/importlib.py", line 35, in import_module
__import__(name)
File "/Users/joerobinson/.virtualenvs/dj_tut/lib/python2.6/site-packages/django/core/management/commands/syncdb.py", line 7, in <module>
from django.core.management.sql import custom_sql_for_model, emit_post_sync_signal
File "/Users/joerobinson/.virtualenvs/dj_tut/lib/python2.6/site-packages/django/core/management/sql.py", line 5, in <module>
from django.contrib.contenttypes import generic
File "/Users/joerobinson/.virtualenvs/dj_tut/lib/python2.6/site-packages/django/contrib/contenttypes/generic.py", line 6, in <module>
from django.db import connection
File "/Users/joerobinson/.virtualenvs/dj_tut/lib/python2.6/site-packages/django/db/__init__.py", line 75, in <module>
connection = connections[DEFAULT_DB_ALIAS]
File "/Users/joerobinson/.virtualenvs/dj_tut/lib/python2.6/site-packages/django/db/utils.py", line 91, in __getitem__
backend = load_backend(db['ENGINE'])
File "/Users/joerobinson/.virtualenvs/dj_tut/lib/python2.6/site-packages/django/db/utils.py", line 32, in load_backend
return import_module('.base', backend_name)
File "/Users/joerobinson/.virtualenvs/dj_tut/lib/python2.6/site-packages/django/utils/importlib.py", line 35, in import_module
__import__(name)
File "/Users/joerobinson/.virtualenvs/dj_tut/lib/python2.6/site-packages/django/db/backends/mysql/base.py", line 14, in <module>
raise ImproperlyConfigured("Error loading MySQLdb module: %s" % e)
django.core.exceptions.ImproperlyConfigured: Error loading MySQLdb module: No module named MySQLdb
我还安装了MySQL for Python适配器，但没有效果(可能我安装不正确?)
有人之前处理过这个问题吗?
运行Ubuntu 13.10 64位时，以下操作对我来说非常有效:
sudo apt-get install libmysqlclient-dev
sudo apt-get install python-dev
现在，导航到你的virtualenv(例如env文件夹)并执行以下命令:
sudo ./bin/pip install mysql-python
实际上，我在一个单独的问题中找到了解决方案，下面引用它:
If you have created the virtualenv with the --no-site-packages switch
(the default), then system-wide installed additions such as MySQLdb
are not included in the virtual environment packages.
You need to install MySQLdb with the pip command installed with the
virtualenv. Either activate the virtualenv with the bin/activate
script, or use bin/pip from within the virtualenv to install the
MySQLdb library locally as well.
Alternatively, create a new virtualenv with system site-packages
included by using the --system-site-package switch.
我认为这也适用于OSX。唯一的问题是获得用于安装libmysqlclient-dev和python-dev的等效命令，因为它们需要编译
我猜是mysql-python。
希望这能有所帮助。
我通过使用pip安装MySQL-python库克服了同样的问题。当我第一次在settings.py中更改数据库设置并执行makemigrations命令时，您可以看到控制台上显示的消息(解决方案如下消息所示，请参阅)。
(vir_env) admins-MacBook-Pro-3:src admin$ python manage.py makemigrations
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "manage.py", line 10, in <module>
execute_from_command_line(sys.argv)
File "/Users/admin/Desktop/SetUp1/vir_env/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 338, in execute_from_command_line
utility.execute()
File "/Users/admin/Desktop/SetUp1/vir_env/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 312, in execute
django.setup()
File "/Users/admin/Desktop/SetUp1/vir_env/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/__init__.py", line 18, in setup
apps.populate(settings.INSTALLED_APPS)
File "/Users/admin/Desktop/SetUp1/vir_env/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/apps/registry.py", line 108, in populate
app_config.import_models(all_models)
File "/Users/admin/Desktop/SetUp1/vir_env/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/apps/config.py", line 198, in import_models
self.models_module = import_module(models_module_name)
File "/usr/local/Cellar/python/2.7.12_1/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/importlib/__init__.py", line 37, in import_module
__import__(name)
File "/Users/admin/Desktop/SetUp1/vir_env/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/contrib/auth/models.py", line 41, in <module>
class Permission(models.Model):
File "/Users/admin/Desktop/SetUp1/vir_env/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/db/models/base.py", line 139, in __new__
new_class.add_to_class('_meta', Options(meta, **kwargs))
File "/Users/admin/Desktop/SetUp1/vir_env/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/db/models/base.py", line 324, in add_to_class
value.contribute_to_class(cls, name)
File "/Users/admin/Desktop/SetUp1/vir_env/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/db/models/options.py", line 250, in contribute_to_class
self.db_table = truncate_name(self.db_table, connection.ops.max_name_length())
File "/Users/admin/Desktop/SetUp1/vir_env/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/db/__init__.py", line 36, in __getattr__
return getattr(connections[DEFAULT_DB_ALIAS], item)
File "/Users/admin/Desktop/SetUp1/vir_env/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/db/utils.py", line 240, in __getitem__
backend = load_backend(db['ENGINE'])
File "/Users/admin/Desktop/SetUp1/vir_env/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/db/utils.py", line 111, in load_backend
return import_module('%s.base' % backend_name)
File "/usr/local/Cellar/python/2.7.12_1/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/importlib/__init__.py", line 37, in import_module
__import__(name)
File "/Users/admin/Desktop/SetUp1/vir_env/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/db/backends/mysql/base.py", line 27, in <module>
raise ImproperlyConfigured("Error loading MySQLdb module: %s" % e)
django.core.exceptions.ImproperlyConfigured: Error loading MySQLdb module: No module named MySQLdb
最终我克服了这个问题:
(vir_env) admins-MacBook-Pro-3:src admin$ pip install MySQLdb
Collecting MySQLdb
Could not find a version that satisfies the requirement MySQLdb (from versions: )
No matching distribution found for MySQLdb
(vir_env) admins-MacBook-Pro-3:src admin$ pip install MySQL-python
Collecting MySQL-python
Downloading MySQL-python-1.2.5.zip (108kB)
100% |████████████████████████████████| 112kB 364kB/s
Building wheels for collected packages: MySQL-python
Running setup.py bdist_wheel for MySQL-python ... done
Stored in directory: /Users/admin/Library/Caches/pip/wheels/38/a3/89/ec87e092cfb38450fc91a62562055231deb0049a029054dc62
Successfully built MySQL-python
Installing collected packages: MySQL-python
Successfully installed MySQL-python-1.2.5
(vir_env) admins-MacBook-Pro-3:src admin$ python manage.py makemigrations
No changes detected
(vir_env) admins-MacBook-Pro-3:src admin$ python manage.py migrate
Operations to perform:
Synchronize unmigrated apps: staticfiles, rest_framework, messages, crispy_forms
Apply all migrations: admin, contenttypes, sessions, auth, PyApp
Synchronizing apps without migrations:
Creating tables...
Running deferred SQL...
Installing custom SQL...
Running migrations:
Rendering model states... DONE
Applying PyApp.0001_initial... OK
Applying PyApp.0002_auto_20170310_0936... OK
Applying PyApp.0003_auto_20170310_0953... OK
Applying PyApp.0004_auto_20170310_0954... OK
Applying PyApp.0005_auto_20170311_0619... OK
Applying PyApp.0006_auto_20170311_0622... OK
Applying PyApp.0007_loraevksensor... OK
Applying PyApp.0008_auto_20170315_0752... OK
Applying PyApp.0009_auto_20170315_0753... OK
Applying PyApp.0010_auto_20170315_0806... OK
Applying PyApp.0011_auto_20170315_0814... OK
Applying PyApp.0012_auto_20170315_0820... OK
Applying PyApp.0013_auto_20170315_0822... OK
Applying PyApp.0014_auto_20170315_0907... OK
Applying PyApp.0015_auto_20170315_1041... OK
Applying PyApp.0016_auto_20170315_1355... OK
Applying PyApp.0017_auto_20170315_1401... OK
Applying PyApp.0018_auto_20170331_1348... OK
Applying PyApp.0019_auto_20170331_1349... OK
Applying PyApp.0020_auto_20170331_1350... OK
Applying PyApp.0021_auto_20170331_1458... OK
Applying PyApp.0022_delete_postoffice... OK
Applying PyApp.0023_posoffice... OK
Applying PyApp.0024_auto_20170331_1504... OK
Applying PyApp.0025_auto_20170331_1511... OK
Applying contenttypes.0001_initial... OK
Applying auth.0001_initial... OK
Applying admin.0001_initial... OK
Applying contenttypes.0002_remove_content_type_name... OK
Applying auth.0002_alter_permission_name_max_length... OK
Applying auth.0003_alter_user_email_max_length... OK
Applying auth.0004_alter_user_username_opts... OK
Applying auth.0005_alter_user_last_login_null... OK
Applying auth.0006_require_contenttypes_0002... OK
Applying sessions.0001_initial... OK
(vir_env) admins-MacBook-Pro-3:src admin$
