我最终为WAR/JAR布局做了systemd服务

我调用java -jar是因为它更灵活。我还试着把ExecStart=spring-mvc。战争，但即使是可执行的，我得到'Exec格式错误'

无论如何，现在systemd出现在所有发行版上，并提供了一个很好的解决方案来重定向日志(syserr是重要的，当你的服务甚至没有启动log4j文件位置将为空:))。

cat /etc/systemd/system/spring-mvc.service 
[Unit]
Description=Spring MVC Java Service

[Service]
User=spring-mvc
# The configuration file application.properties should be here:
WorkingDirectory=/usr/local/spring-mvc


# Run ExecStartPre with root-permissions
PermissionsStartOnly=true

ExecStartPre=-/bin/mkdir -p /var/log/spring-mvc


ExecStartPre=/bin/chown -R spring-mvc:syslog /var/log/spring-mvc
ExecStartPre=/bin/chmod -R 775 /var/log/spring-mvc



#https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.service.html#ExecStart=
ExecStart=/usr/bin/java \
        -Dlog4j.configurationFile=log4j2-spring.xml \
        -DLog4jContextSelector=org.apache.logging.log4j.core.async.AsyncLoggerContextSelector \
        -Dspring.profiles.active=dev \
        -Denvironment-type=dev \
        -XX:+UseConcMarkSweepGC \
        -XX:CMSInitiatingOccupancyFraction=80 \
        -XX:NewSize=756m \
        -XX:MetaspaceSize=256m \
        -Dsun.net.inetaddr.ttl=5 \
        -Xloggc:/var/log/spring-mvc/gc.log \
        -verbose:gc \
        -verbosegc \
        -XX:+DisableExplicitGC \
        -XX:+PrintGCDetails \
        -XX:+PrintGCDateStamps \
        -XX:+PreserveFramePointer \
        -XX:+StartAttachListener \
        -Xms1024m \
        -Xmx1024m \
        -XX:+HeapDumpOnOutOfMemoryError \
        -jar spring-mvc.war

SuccessExitStatus=143
StandardOutput=journal
StandardError=journal


KillSignal=SIGINT
TimeoutStopSec=20
Restart=always
RestartSec=5
StartLimitInterval=0
StartLimitBurst=10

LimitNOFILE=500000
LimitNPROC=500000

#https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.exec.html#LimitCPU=
#LimitCPU=, LimitFSIZE=, LimitDATA=, LimitSTACK=, LimitCORE=, LimitRSS=, LimitNOFILE=, LimitAS=, LimitNPROC=, LimitMEMLOCK=, LimitLOCKS=, LimitSIGPENDING=, LimitMSGQUEUE=, LimitNICE=, LimitRTPRIO=, LimitRTTIME=¶

SyslogIdentifier=spring-mvc

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target


# https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/journalctl.html
#check logs --- journalctl -u spring-mvc -f -o cat

Rsyslog -将应用程序的syslog输入重定向到特定的文件夹/文件

cat /etc/rsyslog.d/30-spring-mvc.conf 
if $programname == 'spring-mvc' then /var/log/spring-mvc/spring-mvc.log
& stop

logrotate

cat /etc/logrotate.d/spring-mvc.conf 
/var/log/spring-mvc/spring-mvc.log
{
    daily
    rotate 30
    maxage 30
    copytruncate
    missingok
    notifempty
    compress
    dateext
    dateformat _%Y-%m-%d_%H-%M
    delaycompress
    create 644 spring-mvc syslog
    su spring-mvc syslog
}

logrotate gc

cat /etc/logrotate.d/spring-mvc-gc.conf 
/var/log/spring-mvc/gc.log
{
    daily
    rotate 30
    maxage 30
    copytruncate
    missingok
    notifempty
    compress
    dateext
    dateformat _%Y-%m-%d_%H-%M
    delaycompress
    create 644 spring-mvc syslog
    su spring-mvc syslog
}

我自己刚刚抽出时间来做这件事，所以下面是到目前为止我在CentOS初始化方面的进展。D业务控制器脚本。到目前为止，它工作得很好，但我不是leet Bash黑客，所以我相信还有改进的空间，所以欢迎提出改进的想法。

首先，我为每个服务准备了一个简短的配置脚本/data/svcmgmt/conf/my-spring-boot-api.sh，用于设置环境变量。

#!/bin/bash
export JAVA_HOME=/opt/jdk1.8.0_05/jre
export APP_HOME=/data/apps/my-spring-boot-api
export APP_NAME=my-spring-boot-api
export APP_PORT=40001

我使用CentOS，所以为了确保我的服务在服务器重启后启动，我在/etc/init.d/my-spring-boot-api中有一个服务控制脚本:

#!/bin/bash
# description: my-spring-boot-api start stop restart
# processname: my-spring-boot-api
# chkconfig: 234 20 80

. /data/svcmgmt/conf/my-spring-boot-api.sh

/data/svcmgmt/bin/spring-boot-service.sh $1

exit 0

如您所见，它调用初始配置脚本来设置环境变量，然后调用我用来重新启动所有Spring Boot服务的共享脚本。共享脚本是所有内容的核心所在:

#!/bin/bash

echo "Service [$APP_NAME] - [$1]"

echo "    JAVA_HOME=$JAVA_HOME"
echo "    APP_HOME=$APP_HOME"
echo "    APP_NAME=$APP_NAME"
echo "    APP_PORT=$APP_PORT"

function start {
    if pkill -0 -f $APP_NAME.jar > /dev/null 2>&1
    then
        echo "Service [$APP_NAME] is already running. Ignoring startup request."
        exit 1
    fi
    echo "Starting application..."
    nohup $JAVA_HOME/bin/java -jar $APP_HOME/$APP_NAME.jar \
        --spring.config.location=file:$APP_HOME/config/   \
        < /dev/null > $APP_HOME/logs/app.log 2>&1 &
}

function stop {
    if ! pkill -0 -f $APP_NAME.jar > /dev/null 2>&1
    then
        echo "Service [$APP_NAME] is not running. Ignoring shutdown request."
        exit 1
    fi

    # First, we will try to trigger a controlled shutdown using 
    # spring-boot-actuator
    curl -X POST http://localhost:$APP_PORT/shutdown < /dev/null > /dev/null 2>&1

    # Wait until the server process has shut down
    attempts=0
    while pkill -0 -f $APP_NAME.jar > /dev/null 2>&1
    do
        attempts=$[$attempts + 1]
        if [ $attempts -gt 5 ]
        then
            # We have waited too long. Kill it.
            pkill -f $APP_NAME.jar > /dev/null 2>&1
        fi
        sleep 1s
    done
}

case $1 in
start)
    start
;;
stop)
    stop
;;
restart)
    stop
    start
;;
esac
exit 0

当停止时，它将尝试使用弹簧引导驱动器来执行受控关机。但是，如果没有配置执行器或未能在合理的时间范围内关闭(我给它5秒，这真的有点短)，进程将被杀死。

此外，脚本还假设运行应用程序的java进程是进程详细信息文本中唯一带有“my-spring-boot-api.jar”的进程。在我的环境中，这是一个安全的假设，这意味着我不需要跟踪pid。

I don't know of a "standard" shrink-wrapped way to do that with a Java app, but it's definitely a good idea (you want to benefit from the keep-alive and monitoring capabilities of the operating system if they are there). It's on the roadmap to provide something from the Spring Boot tool support (maven and gradle), but for now you are probably going to have to roll your own. The best solution I know of right now is Foreman, which has a declarative approach and one line commands for packaging init scripts for various standard OS formats (monit, sys V, upstart etc.). There is also evidence of people having set stuff up with gradle (e.g. here).

我试图使springboot应用程序呈现为“init”。D”风格的shell脚本与压缩Java应用程序钉在最后

通过符号链接这些脚本从/etc/init.D /spring-app到/opt/spring-app.jar，并chmod jar使其可执行。D /spring-app启动/etc/init。D /spring-app stop”和其他可能的状态工作

假设是init。来自springboot的d风格脚本看起来他们有必要的魔法字符串(像# Default-Start: 2 3 4 5) chkconfig将能够将其作为“服务”添加。

但是我想让它和systemd一起工作

为了做到这一点，我尝试了上面其他答案中的许多食谱，但在Centos 7.2和Springboot 1.3上，它们都不适合我。大多数情况下，它们会启动服务，但无法跟踪pid

最后，我发现下面的方法对我有用，当/etc/init.D链接也到位了。一个类似于下面的文件应该安装为/usr/lib/systemd/system/spring-app.service

[Unit]
Description=My loverly application
After=syslog.target 

[Service]
Type=forking
PIDFile=/var/run/spring-app/spring-app.pid
ExecStart=/etc/init.d/spring-app start
SuccessExitStatus=143

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

我的SysVInit脚本Centos 6 / RHEL(还不理想)。这个脚本需要ApplicationPidListener。

/etc/init.d/app的源代码

#!/bin/sh
#
# app Spring Boot Application 
#
# chkconfig:   345 20 80
# description: App Service
#           

### BEGIN INIT INFO
# Provides: App
# Required-Start: $local_fs $network
# Required-Stop: $local_fs $network
# Default-Start: 3 4 5 
# Default-Stop: 0 1 2 6
# Short-Description: Application
# Description:      
### END INIT INFO

# Source function library.
. /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions

# Source networking configuration.
. /etc/sysconfig/network

exec="/usr/bin/java"
prog="app"
app_home=/home/$prog/
user=$prog

[ -e /etc/sysconfig/$prog ] && . /etc/sysconfig/$prog

lockfile=/var/lock/subsys/$prog    
pid=$app_home/$prog.pid

start() {

    [ -x $exec ] || exit 5
    [ -f $config ] || exit 6
    # Check that networking is up.
    [ "$NETWORKING" = "no" ] && exit 1
    echo -n $"Starting $prog: "
    cd $app_home
    daemon --check $prog --pidfile $pid --user $user $exec $app_args &
    retval=$?
    echo
    [ $retval -eq 0 ] && touch $lockfile
    return $retval
}

stop() {
    echo -n $"Stopping $prog: "
    killproc -p $pid $prog
    retval=$?
    [ $retval -eq 0 ] && rm -f $lockfile
    return $retval
}

restart() {
    stop
    start
}

reload() {
    restart
}

force_reload() {
    restart
}

rh_status() {
    status -p $pid $prog
}

rh_status_q() {
    rh_status >/dev/null 2>&1
}

case "$1" in
    start)
        rh_status_q && exit 0
        $1
        ;;
    stop)
        rh_status_q || exit 0
        $1
        ;;
    restart)
        $1
        ;;
    reload)
        rh_status_q || exit 7
        $1
        ;;
    force-reload)
        force_reload
        ;;
    status)
        rh_status
        ;;
    condrestart|try-restart)
        rh_status_q || exit 0
        restart
        ;;
    *)
        echo $"Usage: $0 {start|stop|status|restart|condrestart|try-restart|reload|force-reload}"
        exit 2
esac
exit $?

配置文件/etc/sysconfig/app示例:

exec=/opt/jdk1.8.0_05/jre/bin/java

user=myuser
app_home=/home/mysuer/

app_args="-jar app.jar"

pid=$app_home/app.pid

以下是针对springboot 1.3及以上版本的工作:

init。d服务

可执行jar具有通常的启动、停止、重新启动和状态命令。它还将在通常的/var/run目录中设置一个PID文件，默认情况下在通常的/var/log目录中设置日志。

你只需要将你的jar文件符号链接到/etc/init.D喜欢这样

sudo link -s /var/myapp/myapp.jar /etc/init.d/myapp

OR

sudo ln -s ~/myproject/build/libs/myapp-1.0.jar /etc/init.d/myapp_servicename

之后你就可以做平常的事情了

/etc/init.d/myapp start

然后在你想启动/停止应用程序的运行级别设置一个链接。

作为一个systemd服务

要运行安装在var/myapp中的Spring Boot应用程序，可以在/etc/systemd/system/myapp.service中添加以下脚本:

[Unit]
Description=myapp
After=syslog.target

[Service]
ExecStart=/var/myapp/myapp.jar

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

注意:如果你正在使用这种方法，不要忘记让jar文件本身可执行(使用chmod +x)，否则它将失败，错误“权限被拒绝”。

参考

http://docs.spring.io/spring-boot/docs/current-SNAPSHOT/reference/html/deployment-install.html#deployment-service