我也有同样的问题(我来自捷克共和国)。我安装了英文的Windows，而且我必须使用共享驱动器上的文件。文件的路径包含捷克特有的字符。

适合我的解决方案是:

在批处理文件中，修改字符集页

批处理文件:

chcp 1250
copy "O:\VEŘEJNÉ\ŽŽŽŽŽŽ\Ž.xls" c:\temp

批处理文件必须保存在CP 1250中。

注意，控制台不会正确地显示字符，但它会理解它们……

由于我还没有看到Python 2.7的完整答案，我将概述两个重要步骤和一个非常有用的可选步骤。

You need a font with Unicode support. Windows comes with Lucida Console which may be selected by right-clicking the title bar of command prompt and clicking the Defaults option. This also gives access to colours. Note that you can also change settings for command windows invoked in certain ways (e.g, open here, Visual Studio) by choosing Properties instead. You need to set the code page to cp65001, which appears to be Microsoft's attempt to offer UTF-7 and UTF-8 support to command prompt. Do this by running chcp 65001 in command prompt. Once set, it remains this way until the window is closed. You'll need to redo this every time you launch cmd.exe.

要获得更永久的解决方案，请参考超级用户上的答案。简而言之，在HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Software\Microsoft\Command Processor中使用regedit创建一个REG_SZ (String)条目，并将其命名为AutoRun。将其值修改为chcp 65001。如果不想看到命令的输出消息，请使用@chcp 65001>nul。

有些程序在与这种编码进行交互时遇到麻烦，MinGW就是一个显著的例子，它在编译时出现无意义的错误消息而失败。尽管如此，这工作得非常好，并且不会对大多数程序造成错误。

检查非unicode程序的语言。如果你在Windows控制台中有俄语问题，那么你应该在这里设置俄语:

Try:

chcp 65001

这会将代码页更改为UTF-8。此外，还需要使用Lucida控制台字体。

我发现这个方法在新版本的Windows 10中很有用:

打开此功能:"Beta版:使用Unicode UTF-8支持全球语言"

控制面板->区域设置->管理选项卡->更改 系统区域设置…

从2019年6月开始，使用Windows 10，你将不必更改代码页。

参见“介绍Windows终端”(来自Kayla Cinnamon)和Microsoft/Terminal。 通过使用Consolas字体，将提供部分Unicode支持。

如Microsoft/Terminal issue 387中所述:

There are 87,887 ideographs currently in Unicode. You need all of them too? We need a boundary, and characters beyond that boundary should be handled by font fallback / font linking / whatever. What Consolas should cover: Characters that used as symbols that used by modern OSS programs in CLI. These characters should follow Consolas' design and metrics, and properly aligned with existing Consolas characters. What Consolas should NOT cover: Characters and punctuation of scripts that beyond Latin, Greek and Cyrillic, especially characters need complex shaping (like Arabic). These characters should be handled with font fallback.