有了这个脚本，你可以得到是否数据库存在，如果它不存在，它不会抛出异常。

SELECT 
    IF(EXISTS( SELECT 
                SCHEMA_NAME
            FROM
                INFORMATION_SCHEMA.SCHEMATA
            WHERE
                SCHEMA_NAME = 'DbName'),
        'Yes',
        'No')  as exist

这是我在bash脚本中做这件事的方式:

#!/bin/sh

DATABASE_USER=*****
DATABASE_PWD=*****
DATABASE_NAME=my_database

if mysql -u$DATABASE_USER -p$DATABASE_PWD -e "use $DATABASE_NAME";
then
echo "Database $DATABASE_NAME already exists. Exiting."
exit
else
echo Create database
mysql -u$DATABASE_USER -p$DATABASE_PWD -e "CREATE DATABASE $DATABASE_NAME"
fi

冗长而令人费解(但请容忍我!)，这里是一个类系统，我做的检查是否DB存在，并创建所需的表:

<?php
class Table
{
    public static function Script()
    {
        return "
            CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `users` ( `id` INT NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY AUTO_INCREMENT );

        ";
    }
}

class Install
{
    #region Private constructor
    private static $link;
    private function __construct()
    {
        static::$link = new mysqli();
        static::$link->real_connect("localhost", "username", "password");
    }
    #endregion

    #region Instantiator
    private static $instance;
    public static function Instance()
    {
        static::$instance = (null === static::$instance ? new self() : static::$instance);
        return static::$instance;
    }
    #endregion

    #region Start Install
    private static $installed;
    public function Start()
    {
        var_dump(static::$installed);
        if (!static::$installed)
        {
            if (!static::$link->select_db("en"))
            {
                static::$link->query("CREATE DATABASE `en`;")? $die = false: $die = true;
                if ($die)
                    return false;
                static::$link->select_db("en");
            }
            else
            {
                static::$link->select_db("en");          
            }
            return static::$installed = static::DatabaseMade();  
        }
        else
        {
            return static::$installed;
        }
    }
    #endregion

    #region Table creator
    private static function CreateTables()
    {
        $tablescript = Table::Script();
        return static::$link->multi_query($tablescript) ? true : false;
    }
    #endregion

    private static function DatabaseMade()
    {
        $created = static::CreateTables();
        if ($created)
        {
            static::$installed = true;
        }
        else
        {
            static::$installed = false;
        }
        return $created;
    }
}

在这种情况下，您可以将数据库名称en替换为您喜欢的任何数据库名称，也可以将创建者脚本更改为任何名称，并且(希望!)不会破坏它。如果有人可以改进这一点，请告诉我!

请注意 如果你不使用Visual Studio和PHP工具，不要担心这些区域，它们是用于代码折叠的

下面是一个bash函数，用于检查数据库是否存在:

function does_db_exist {
  local db="${1}"

  local output=$(mysql -s -N -e "SELECT schema_name FROM information_schema.schemata WHERE schema_name = '${db}'" information_schema)
  if [[ -z "${output}" ]]; then
    return 1 # does not exist
  else
    return 0 # exists
  fi
}           

另一种选择是尝试使用数据库。注意，这也检查权限:

if mysql "${db}" >/dev/null 2>&1 </dev/null
then
  echo "${db} exists (and I have permission to access it)"
else
  echo "${db} does not exist (or I do not have permission to access it)"
fi

使用bash:

if [ "`mysql -u'USER' -p'PASSWORD' -se'USE $DATABASE_NAME;' 2>&1`" == "" ]; then
    echo $DATABASE_NAME exist
else
    echo $DATABASE_NAME doesn't exist
fi

检查PHP中是否存在数据库的一个好方法是:

$mysql = mysql_connect("<your host>", "root", "");

if (mysql_select_db($mysql, '<your db name>')) {
    echo "Database exists";
} else {
    echo "Database does not exist";
}

这是我常用的方法。