使用bash:

if [ "`mysql -u'USER' -p'PASSWORD' -se'USE $DATABASE_NAME;' 2>&1`" == "" ]; then
    echo $DATABASE_NAME exist
else
    echo $DATABASE_NAME doesn't exist
fi

IF EXISTS (SELECT SCHEMA_NAME FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.SCHEMATA WHERE SCHEMA_NAME = N'YourDatabaseName')
BEGIN    
    -- Database exists, so do your stuff here.
END

如果你正在使用MSSQL而不是MySQL，可以从类似的线程中看到这个答案。

SELECT IF('database_name' IN(SELECT SCHEMA_NAME FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.SCHEMATA), 1, 0) AS found;

下面是一个bash函数，用于检查数据库是否存在:

function does_db_exist {
  local db="${1}"

  local output=$(mysql -s -N -e "SELECT schema_name FROM information_schema.schemata WHERE schema_name = '${db}'" information_schema)
  if [[ -z "${output}" ]]; then
    return 1 # does not exist
  else
    return 0 # exists
  fi
}           

另一种选择是尝试使用数据库。注意，这也检查权限:

if mysql "${db}" >/dev/null 2>&1 </dev/null
then
  echo "${db} exists (and I have permission to access it)"
else
  echo "${db} does not exist (or I do not have permission to access it)"
fi

这是我在bash脚本中做这件事的方式:

#!/bin/sh

DATABASE_USER=*****
DATABASE_PWD=*****
DATABASE_NAME=my_database

if mysql -u$DATABASE_USER -p$DATABASE_PWD -e "use $DATABASE_NAME";
then
echo "Database $DATABASE_NAME already exists. Exiting."
exit
else
echo Create database
mysql -u$DATABASE_USER -p$DATABASE_PWD -e "CREATE DATABASE $DATABASE_NAME"
fi

一个非常简单的bash一行代码:

mysqlshow | grep dbname