看看这个网站:http://osix.net/modules/article/?id=359

作为一个从零开始编写实时多任务操作系统的人……

键盘反弹例程，键盘驱动程序，磁盘驱动程序，视频驱动程序，文件系统，最后一个引导加载程序-这只是第一次启动它，什么都没有做!

．.． 我再怎么强调熟悉硬件的重要性也不为过!如果你真的想自己做，而不是选择别人已经为你设计好的原始系统，这一点尤其如此。例如，联系英特尔，并要求他们为您的CPU类型的CPU卡!这将为您提供“pin-out”，中断，操作码，您能想到的!

记住，硬件使这一切成为可能。研究硬件。你不会后悔的。

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麻省理工学院6.828课程:操作系统工程是一个很好的资源。

x6—简单的类unix教学操作系统，用ANSI C为x86编写 http://pdos.csail.mit.edu/6.828/2012/xv6.html

XV6源代码—作为带有行号的印刷小册子 http://pdos.csail.mit.edu/6.828/2012/xv6/xv6-rev7.pdf

XV6书-解释了操作系统设计的主要思想 http://pdos.csail.mit.edu/6.828/2012/xv6/book-rev7.pdf

材料紧凑:92页的原始资料和96页的评论。

我喜欢它比Minix的书还多!这是真正的宝石!

在简要概述了为X86平台编写操作系统所涉及的内容之后，还有很多链接。

看起来最有希望的链接(www.nondot.org/sabre/os/articles)已经不再可用，所以你需要通过Archive.org版本来阅读它。

在一天结束时，引导加载程序获取内核的机器代码，将其放入内存中，然后跳转到它。你可以把任何你想要的机器代码放在内核中，但是大多数C程序都需要一个操作系统，所以你需要告诉编译器它不会有所有这些，或者引导加载程序必须创建一些。

然后，内核完成所有繁重的工作，我怀疑它就是您想要的示例内核。但是，从拥有一个说“Hello world”的内核到拥有一个加载命令解释器、提供磁盘服务以及加载和管理程序的内核，还有很长的路要走。

You might want to consider subscribing to ACM to get access to their older literature - there are lots of articles in the late 80's and early 90's in early computing magazines about how to create alternative OSs. There are likely books that are out of print from this era as well. You might be able to get the same information for free by looking up the indexes of those magazines (which are available on that site - click "index" near the magazine name) and then asking around for people with a copy.

Lastly, I know that usenet is dead (for so sayeth the prophets of internet doom) but you'll find that many of the craggy old experts from that era still live there. You should search google groups (they have dejanews's old repository) and I expect you'll find many people asking the same questions a decade or 1.5 ago that you're asking now. You may even run across Linus Torvalds' many queries for help as he was developing linux originally. If searches don't bring anything up, ask in the appropriate newsgroup (probably starts with comp.arch, but search for ones with OS in the name).

可以研究的一个相当简单的OS是µC/OS。这本书有一张印有出处的软盘。

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MicroC/OS-II

下面是一些值得加入讨论的Stack Overflow页面:

创建自定义操作系统的障碍 为x86架构开发操作系统