我可以使用以下jQuery代码使用ajax请求的POST方法执行文件上载吗？
$.ajax({
type: "POST",
timeout: 50000,
url: url,
data: dataString,
success: function (data) {
alert('success');
return false;
}
});
如果可能，我需要填写数据部分吗？这是正确的方式吗？我只将文件POST到服务器端。
我一直在搜索，但我发现的是一个插件，而在我的计划中，我不想使用它。至少目前是这样。
当前回答
使用FormData。它工作得很好：-）。。。
var jform = new FormData();
jform.append('user',$('#user').val());
jform.append('image',$('#image').get(0).files[0]); // Here's the important bit
$.ajax({
url: '/your-form-processing-page-url-here',
type: 'POST',
data: jform,
dataType: 'json',
mimeType: 'multipart/form-data', // this too
contentType: false,
cache: false,
processData: false,
success: function(data, status, jqXHR){
alert('Hooray! All is well.');
console.log(data);
console.log(status);
console.log(jqXHR);
},
error: function(jqXHR,status,error){
// Hopefully we should never reach here
console.log(jqXHR);
console.log(status);
console.log(error);
}
});
其他回答
使用FormData。它工作得很好：-）。。。
var jform = new FormData();
jform.append('user',$('#user').val());
jform.append('image',$('#image').get(0).files[0]); // Here's the important bit
$.ajax({
url: '/your-form-processing-page-url-here',
type: 'POST',
data: jform,
dataType: 'json',
mimeType: 'multipart/form-data', // this too
contentType: false,
cache: false,
processData: false,
success: function(data, status, jqXHR){
alert('Hooray! All is well.');
console.log(data);
console.log(status);
console.log(jqXHR);
},
error: function(jqXHR,status,error){
// Hopefully we should never reach here
console.log(jqXHR);
console.log(status);
console.log(error);
}
});
2019年更新：
html
<form class="fr" method='POST' enctype="multipart/form-data"> {% csrf_token %}
<textarea name='text'>
<input name='example_image'>
<button type="submit">
</form>
js
$(document).on('submit', '.fr', function(){
$.ajax({
type: 'post',
url: url, <--- you insert proper URL path to call your views.py function here.
enctype: 'multipart/form-data',
processData: false,
contentType: false,
data: new FormData(this) ,
success: function(data) {
console.log(data);
}
});
return false;
});
视图.py
form = ThisForm(request.POST, request.FILES)
if form.is_valid():
text = form.cleaned_data.get("text")
example_image = request.FILES['example_image']
Ajax发布和上传文件是可能的。我使用jQuery$.ajax函数加载文件。我尝试使用XHR对象，但无法在服务器端使用PHP获得结果。
var formData = new FormData();
formData.append('file', $('#file')[0].files[0]);
$.ajax({
url : 'upload.php',
type : 'POST',
data : formData,
processData: false, // tell jQuery not to process the data
contentType: false, // tell jQuery not to set contentType
success : function(data) {
console.log(data);
alert(data);
}
});
如您所见，您必须创建一个FormData对象，该对象为空或来自（serialized？-$（'#yourForm'）.serialize（））现有表单，然后附加输入文件。
以下是更多信息：-如何使用jQuery.ajax和FormData上载文件-通过jQuery上载文件，提供对象FormData，没有文件名，GET请求
对于PHP进程，您可以使用以下内容：
//print_r($_FILES);
$fileName = $_FILES['file']['name'];
$fileType = $_FILES['file']['type'];
$fileError = $_FILES['file']['error'];
$fileContent = file_get_contents($_FILES['file']['tmp_name']);
if($fileError == UPLOAD_ERR_OK){
//Processes your file here
}else{
switch($fileError){
case UPLOAD_ERR_INI_SIZE:
$message = 'Error al intentar subir un archivo que excede el tamaño permitido.';
break;
case UPLOAD_ERR_FORM_SIZE:
$message = 'Error al intentar subir un archivo que excede el tamaño permitido.';
break;
case UPLOAD_ERR_PARTIAL:
$message = 'Error: no terminó la acción de subir el archivo.';
break;
case UPLOAD_ERR_NO_FILE:
$message = 'Error: ningún archivo fue subido.';
break;
case UPLOAD_ERR_NO_TMP_DIR:
$message = 'Error: servidor no configurado para carga de archivos.';
break;
case UPLOAD_ERR_CANT_WRITE:
$message= 'Error: posible falla al grabar el archivo.';
break;
case UPLOAD_ERR_EXTENSION:
$message = 'Error: carga de archivo no completada.';
break;
default: $message = 'Error: carga de archivo no completada.';
break;
}
echo json_encode(array(
'error' => true,
'message' => $message
));
}
在通过ajax从预览中删除不需要的文件后，我实现了一个即时预览和上传的多文件选择。
详细文档可在以下位置找到：http://anasthecoder.blogspot.ae/2014/12/multi-file-select-preview-without.html
演示：http://jsfiddle.net/anas/6v8Kz/7/embedded/result/
jsFiddle：http://jsfiddle.net/anas/6v8Kz/7/
Java脚本：
$(document).ready(function(){
$('form').submit(function(ev){
$('.overlay').show();
$(window).scrollTop(0);
return upload_images_selected(ev, ev.target);
})
})
function add_new_file_uploader(addBtn) {
var currentRow = $(addBtn).parent().parent();
var newRow = $(currentRow).clone();
$(newRow).find('.previewImage, .imagePreviewTable').hide();
$(newRow).find('.removeButton').show();
$(newRow).find('table.imagePreviewTable').find('tr').remove();
$(newRow).find('input.multipleImageFileInput').val('');
$(addBtn).parent().parent().parent().append(newRow);
}
function remove_file_uploader(removeBtn) {
$(removeBtn).parent().parent().remove();
}
function show_image_preview(file_selector) {
//files selected using current file selector
var files = file_selector.files;
//Container of image previews
var imageContainer = $(file_selector).next('table.imagePreviewTable');
//Number of images selected
var number_of_images = files.length;
//Build image preview row
var imagePreviewRow = $('<tr class="imagePreviewRow_0"><td valign=top style="width: 510px;"></td>' +
'<td valign=top><input type="button" value="X" title="Remove Image" class="removeImageButton" imageIndex="0" onclick="remove_selected_image(this)" /></td>' +
'</tr> ');
//Add image preview row
$(imageContainer).html(imagePreviewRow);
if (number_of_images > 1) {
for (var i =1; i<number_of_images; i++) {
/**
*Generate class name of the respective image container appending index of selected images,
*sothat we can match images selected and the one which is previewed
*/
var newImagePreviewRow = $(imagePreviewRow).clone().removeClass('imagePreviewRow_0').addClass('imagePreviewRow_'+i);
$(newImagePreviewRow).find('input[type="button"]').attr('imageIndex', i);
$(imageContainer).append(newImagePreviewRow);
}
}
for (var i = 0; i < files.length; i++) {
var file = files[i];
/**
* Allow only images
*/
var imageType = /image.*/;
if (!file.type.match(imageType)) {
continue;
}
/**
* Create an image dom object dynamically
*/
var img = document.createElement("img");
/**
* Get preview area of the image
*/
var preview = $(imageContainer).find('tr.imagePreviewRow_'+i).find('td:first');
/**
* Append preview of selected image to the corresponding container
*/
preview.append(img);
/**
* Set style of appended preview(Can be done via css also)
*/
preview.find('img').addClass('previewImage').css({'max-width': '500px', 'max-height': '500px'});
/**
* Initialize file reader
*/
var reader = new FileReader();
/**
* Onload event of file reader assign target image to the preview
*/
reader.onload = (function(aImg) { return function(e) { aImg.src = e.target.result; }; })(img);
/**
* Initiate read
*/
reader.readAsDataURL(file);
}
/**
* Show preview
*/
$(imageContainer).show();
}
function remove_selected_image(close_button)
{
/**
* Remove this image from preview
*/
var imageIndex = $(close_button).attr('imageindex');
$(close_button).parents('.imagePreviewRow_' + imageIndex).remove();
}
function upload_images_selected(event, formObj)
{
event.preventDefault();
//Get number of images
var imageCount = $('.previewImage').length;
//Get all multi select inputs
var fileInputs = document.querySelectorAll('.multipleImageFileInput');
//Url where the image is to be uploaded
var url= "/upload-directory/";
//Get number of inputs
var number_of_inputs = $(fileInputs).length;
var inputCount = 0;
//Iterate through each file selector input
$(fileInputs).each(function(index, input){
fileList = input.files;
// Create a new FormData object.
var formData = new FormData();
//Extra parameters can be added to the form data object
formData.append('bulk_upload', '1');
formData.append('username', $('input[name="username"]').val());
//Iterate throug each images selected by each file selector and find if the image is present in the preview
for (var i = 0; i < fileList.length; i++) {
if ($(input).next('.imagePreviewTable').find('.imagePreviewRow_'+i).length != 0) {
var file = fileList[i];
// Check the file type.
if (!file.type.match('image.*')) {
continue;
}
// Add the file to the request.
formData.append('image_uploader_multiple[' +(inputCount++)+ ']', file, file.name);
}
}
// Set up the request.
var xhr = new XMLHttpRequest();
xhr.open('POST', url, true);
xhr.onload = function () {
if (xhr.status === 200) {
var jsonResponse = JSON.parse(xhr.responseText);
if (jsonResponse.status == 1) {
$(jsonResponse.file_info).each(function(){
//Iterate through response and find data corresponding to each file uploaded
var uploaded_file_name = this.original;
var saved_file_name = this.target;
var file_name_input = '<input type="hidden" class="image_name" name="image_names[]" value="' +saved_file_name+ '" />';
file_info_container.append(file_name_input);
imageCount--;
})
//Decrement count of inputs to find all images selected by all multi select are uploaded
number_of_inputs--;
if(number_of_inputs == 0) {
//All images selected by each file selector is uploaded
//Do necessary acteion post upload
$('.overlay').hide();
}
} else {
if (typeof jsonResponse.error_field_name != 'undefined') {
//Do appropriate error action
} else {
alert(jsonResponse.message);
}
$('.overlay').hide();
event.preventDefault();
return false;
}
} else {
/*alert('Something went wrong!');*/
$('.overlay').hide();
event.preventDefault();
}
};
xhr.send(formData);
})
return false;
}
可以，只需使用javascript获取文件，确保将文件作为数据URL读取。解析出base64之前的内容，以实际获得base64编码的数据，然后如果您使用php或任何后端语言，您可以解码base64数据并保存到如下所示的文件中
Javascript:
var reader = new FileReader();
reader.onloadend = function ()
{
dataToBeSent = reader.result.split("base64,")[1];
$.post(url, {data:dataToBeSent});
}
reader.readAsDataURL(this.files[0]);
PHP:
file_put_contents('my.pdf', base64_decode($_POST["data"]));
当然，你可能会想做一些验证，比如检查你正在处理的文件类型之类的事情，但这是一个想法。
