补充Nishant的回答，返回活动结果的最佳方法是:

Intent returnIntent = getIntent();
returnIntent.putExtra("result",result);
setResult(RESULT_OK,returnIntent);
finish();

我遇到的问题

new Intent();

然后我发现正确的方法是使用

getIntent();

得到当前的意图。

ActivityResultRegistry是推荐的方法

ComponentActivity现在提供了一个ActivityResultRegistry，它可以让你处理startActivityForResult()+onActivityResult()以及requestPermissions()+onRequestPermissionsResult()流，而无需覆盖你的Activity或Fragment中的方法，通过ActivityResultContract带来了更高的类型安全性，并提供了用于测试这些流的钩子。

强烈建议使用Android 10 Activity 1.2.0-alpha02和Fragment 1.3.0-alpha02中引入的Activity Result api。

将此添加到build.gradle中

def activity_version = "1.2.0-beta01"

// Java language implementation
implementation "androidx.activity:activity:$activity_version"
// Kotlin
implementation "androidx.activity:activity-ktx:$activity_version"

如何使用预建合同

这个新的API具有以下预构建的功能

TakeVideo PickContact GetContent GetContents OpenDocument opendocument OpenDocumentTree CreateDocument 刻度盘 TakePicture RequestPermission RequestPermissions

下面的例子使用了takePicture合约:

private val takePicture = prepareCall(ActivityResultContracts.TakePicture()) { bitmap: Bitmap? ->
    // Do something with the Bitmap, if present
}

override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
    super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)
    setContentView(R.layout.activity_main)

    button.setOnClickListener { takePicture() }
}

So what’s going on here? Let’s break it down slightly. takePicture is just a callback which returns a nullable Bitmap - whether or not it’s null depends on whether or not the onActivityResult process was successful. prepareCall then registers this call into a new feature on ComponentActivity called the ActivityResultRegistry - we’ll come back to this later. ActivityResultContracts.TakePicture() is one of the built-in helpers which Google have created for us, and finally invoking takePicture actually triggers the Intent in the same way that you would previously with Activity.startActivityForResult(intent, REQUEST_CODE).

如何编写自定义合同

一个简单的契约，它接受一个Int作为输入，并返回一个被请求的Activity在结果Intent中返回的字符串。

class MyContract : ActivityResultContract<Int, String>() {

    companion object {
        const val ACTION = "com.myapp.action.MY_ACTION"
        const val INPUT_INT = "input_int"
        const val OUTPUT_STRING = "output_string"
    }

    override fun createIntent(input: Int): Intent {
        return Intent(ACTION)
            .apply { putExtra(INPUT_INT, input) }
    }

    override fun parseResult(resultCode: Int, intent: Intent?): String? {
        return when (resultCode) {
            Activity.RESULT_OK -> intent?.getStringExtra(OUTPUT_STRING)
            else -> null
        }
    }
}

class MyActivity : AppCompatActivity() {

    private val myActionCall = prepareCall(MyContract()) { result ->
        Log.i("MyActivity", "Obtained result: $result")
    }

    override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)
        ...
        button.setOnClickListener {
            myActionCall(500)
        }
    }
}

查看官方文档了解更多信息。

你的主要活动

@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
    super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
    setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

    findViewById(R.id.takeCam).setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
        @Override
        public void onClick(View view) {
            Intent intent=new Intent(getApplicationContext(),TakePhotoActivity.class);
            intent.putExtra("Mode","Take");
            startActivity(intent);
        }
    });
    findViewById(R.id.selectGal).setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
        @Override
        public void onClick(View view) {
            Intent intent=new Intent(getApplicationContext(),TakePhotoActivity.class);
            intent.putExtra("Mode","Gallery");
            startActivity(intent);
        }
    });
}

@Override
public void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data) {
    super.onActivityResult(requestCode, resultCode, data);

}

在第二个活动中显示

private static final int CAMERA_REQUEST = 1888;
private ImageView imageView;
private static final int MY_CAMERA_PERMISSION_CODE = 100;
private static final int PICK_PHOTO_FOR_AVATAR = 0;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
    super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
    setContentView(R.layout.activity_take_photo);

    imageView=findViewById(R.id.imageView);

    if(getIntent().getStringExtra("Mode").equals("Gallery"))
    {
        pickImage();
    }
    else {
        if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.M) {
            if (checkSelfPermission(Manifest.permission.CAMERA) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
                requestPermissions(new String[]{Manifest.permission.CAMERA}, MY_CAMERA_PERMISSION_CODE);
            } else {
                Intent cameraIntent = new Intent(MediaStore.ACTION_IMAGE_CAPTURE);
                startActivityForResult(cameraIntent, CAMERA_REQUEST);
            }
        }
    }
}
public void pickImage() {
    Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_PICK);
    intent.setType("image/*");
    startActivityForResult(intent, PICK_PHOTO_FOR_AVATAR);
}
@Override
public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, @NonNull String[] permissions, @NonNull int[] grantResults)
{
    super.onRequestPermissionsResult(requestCode, permissions, grantResults);
    if (requestCode == MY_CAMERA_PERMISSION_CODE)
    {
        if (grantResults[0] == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED)
        {
            Intent cameraIntent = new Intent(android.provider.MediaStore.ACTION_IMAGE_CAPTURE);
            startActivityForResult(cameraIntent, CAMERA_REQUEST);
        }
        else
        {
            Toast.makeText(this, "Camera Permission Denied..", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
        }
    }
}

@Override
protected void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data) {
    super.onActivityResult(requestCode, resultCode, data);
    if (requestCode == CAMERA_REQUEST && resultCode == Activity.RESULT_OK) {
        Bitmap photo = (Bitmap) data.getExtras().get("data");
        imageView.setImageBitmap(photo);
    }
        if (requestCode == PICK_PHOTO_FOR_AVATAR && resultCode == Activity.RESULT_OK) {
            if (data == null) {
                Log.d("ABC","No Such Image Selected");
                return;
            }
            try {
                Uri selectedData=data.getData();
                Log.d("ABC","Image Pick-Up");
                imageView.setImageURI(selectedData);
                InputStream inputStream = getApplicationContext().getContentResolver().openInputStream(selectedData);
                Bitmap bitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeStream(inputStream);
                Bitmap bmp=MediaStore.Images.Media.getBitmap(getContentResolver(),selectedData);
            } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            } catch(IOException e){

            }
    }
}

首先，你在第一个活动中使用startActivityForResult()和参数，如果你想从第二个活动发送数据到第一个活动，然后使用意图通过setResult()方法传递值，并在第一个活动中的onActivityResult()方法中获取数据。

你需要重写Activity.onActivityResult():

@Override
protected void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data) {
    super.onActivityResult(requestCode, resultCode, data);

    if (resultCode == RESULT_CODE_ONE) {

       String a = data.getStringExtra("RESULT_CODE_ONE");

    }
    else if(resultCode == RESULT_CODE_TWO){

       // b was clicked
    }
    else{

    }
}

这在Android上是一个非常常见的问题

它可以被分解成三个部分

开始活动B(发生在活动A中) 设置请求的数据(发生在活动B中) 接收请求的数据(发生在活动A中)

startActivity B

Intent i = new Intent(A.this, B.class);
startActivity(i);

设置请求数据

在这一部分中，您将决定在发生特定事件时是否要发回数据。

例如:在活动B中有一个EditText和两个按钮b1, b2。 单击按钮b1将数据发送回活动A。 单击按钮b2不会发送任何数据。

发送数据

b1......clickListener
{
    Intent resultIntent = new Intent();
    resultIntent.putExtra("Your_key", "Your_value");
    setResult(RES_CODE_A, resultIntent);
    finish();
}

不发送数据

b2......clickListener
{
   setResult(RES_CODE_B, new Intent());
   finish();
}

用户单击后退按钮

默认情况下，结果设置为Activity。RESULT_CANCEL响应代码

检索结果

重写onActivityResult方法

@Override
protected void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data) {
    super.onActivityResult(requestCode, resultCode, data);

    if (resultCode == RES_CODE_A) {

       // b1 was clicked
       String x = data.getStringExtra("RES_CODE_A");

    }
    else if(resultCode == RES_CODE_B){

       // b2 was clicked
    }
    else{
       // The back button was clicked
    }
}