jQuery还有一个实用程序：http://api.jquery.com/jQuery.extend/.

摘自jQuery文档：

// Merge options object into settings object
var settings = { validate: false, limit: 5, name: "foo" };
var options  = { validate: true, name: "bar" };
jQuery.extend(settings, options);

// Now the content of settings object is the following:
// { validate: true, limit: 5, name: "bar" }

上面的代码将改变现有的名为setting的对象。

如果要在不修改任何参数的情况下创建新对象，请使用以下命令：

var defaults = { validate: false, limit: 5, name: "foo" };
var options = { validate: true, name: "bar" };

/* Merge defaults and options, without modifying defaults */
var settings = $.extend({}, defaults, options);

// The content of settings variable is now the following:
// {validate: true, limit: 5, name: "bar"}
// The 'defaults' and 'options' variables remained the same.

ES2018/TypeScript：很多答案都可以，但当您需要合并两个对象而不覆盖重叠的对象键时，我已经找到了一个更优雅的解决方案。

我的函数还接受无限数量的对象作为函数参数进行合并：

（这里我使用的是TypeScript表示法，如果您使用的是纯JavaScript，请随意删除函数参数中的：object[]类型）。

const merge = (...objects: object[]) => {
  return objects.reduce((prev, next) => {
    Object.keys(prev).forEach(key => {
      next[key] = { ...next[key], ...prev[key] }
    })
    return next
  })
}

在YUI Y.merge中，应完成以下工作：

Y.merge(obj1, obj2, obj3....) 

如果有人正在使用Google闭包库：

goog.require('goog.object');
var a = {'a': 1, 'b': 2};
var b = {'b': 3, 'c': 4};
goog.object.extend(a, b);
// Now object a == {'a': 1, 'b': 3, 'c': 4};

数组存在类似的助手函数：

var a = [1, 2];
var b = [3, 4];
goog.array.extend(a, b); // Extends array 'a'
goog.array.concat(a, b); // Returns concatenation of array 'a' and 'b'

我今天需要合并对象，这个问题（和答案）对我帮助很大。我尝试了一些答案，但没有一个符合我的需要，所以我组合了一些答案并自己添加了一些东西，并提出了一个新的合并函数。这里是：

var merge = function() {
    var obj = {},
        i = 0,
        il = arguments.length,
        key;
    for (; i < il; i++) {
        for (key in arguments[i]) {
            if (arguments[i].hasOwnProperty(key)) {
                obj[key] = arguments[i][key];
            }
        }
    }
    return obj;
};

一些示例用法：

var t1 = {
    key1: 1,
    key2: "test",
    key3: [5, 2, 76, 21]
};
var t2 = {
    key1: {
        ik1: "hello",
        ik2: "world",
        ik3: 3
    }
};
var t3 = {
    key2: 3,
    key3: {
        t1: 1,
        t2: 2,
        t3: {
            a1: 1,
            a2: 3,
            a4: [21, 3, 42, "asd"]
        }
    }
};

console.log(merge(t1, t2));
console.log(merge(t1, t3));
console.log(merge(t2, t3));
console.log(merge(t1, t2, t3));
console.log(merge({}, t1, { key1: 1 }));

我扩展了David Coallier的方法：

增加了合并多个对象的可能性支持深层对象override参数（如果最后一个参数是布尔值，则检测到）

如果覆盖为false，则不会覆盖任何属性，但会添加新的财产。

用法：obj.merge（合并…[，覆盖]）；

这是我的代码：

Object.defineProperty(Object.prototype, "merge", {
    enumerable: false,
    value: function () {
        var override = true,
            dest = this,
            len = arguments.length,
            props, merge, i, from;

        if (typeof(arguments[arguments.length - 1]) === "boolean") {
            override = arguments[arguments.length - 1];
            len = arguments.length - 1;
        }

        for (i = 0; i < len; i++) {
            from = arguments[i];
            if (from != null) {
                Object.getOwnPropertyNames(from).forEach(function (name) {
                    var descriptor;

                    // nesting
                    if ((typeof(dest[name]) === "object" || typeof(dest[name]) === "undefined")
                            && typeof(from[name]) === "object") {

                        // ensure proper types (Array rsp Object)
                        if (typeof(dest[name]) === "undefined") {
                            dest[name] = Array.isArray(from[name]) ? [] : {};
                        }
                        if (override) {
                            if (!Array.isArray(dest[name]) && Array.isArray(from[name])) {
                                dest[name] = [];
                            }
                            else if (Array.isArray(dest[name]) && !Array.isArray(from[name])) {
                                dest[name] = {};
                            }
                        }
                        dest[name].merge(from[name], override);
                    } 

                    // flat properties
                    else if ((name in dest && override) || !(name in dest)) {
                        descriptor = Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptor(from, name);
                        if (descriptor.configurable) {
                            Object.defineProperty(dest, name, descriptor);
                        }
                    }
                });
            }
        }
        return this;
    }
});

示例和测试用例：

function clone (obj) {
    return JSON.parse(JSON.stringify(obj));
}
var obj = {
    name : "trick",
    value : "value"
};

var mergeObj = {
    name : "truck",
    value2 : "value2"
};

var mergeObj2 = {
    name : "track",
    value : "mergeObj2",
    value2 : "value2-mergeObj2",
    value3 : "value3"
};

assertTrue("Standard", clone(obj).merge(mergeObj).equals({
    name : "truck",
    value : "value",
    value2 : "value2"
}));

assertTrue("Standard no Override", clone(obj).merge(mergeObj, false).equals({
    name : "trick",
    value : "value",
    value2 : "value2"
}));

assertTrue("Multiple", clone(obj).merge(mergeObj, mergeObj2).equals({
    name : "track",
    value : "mergeObj2",
    value2 : "value2-mergeObj2",
    value3 : "value3"
}));

assertTrue("Multiple no Override", clone(obj).merge(mergeObj, mergeObj2, false).equals({
    name : "trick",
    value : "value",
    value2 : "value2",
    value3 : "value3"
}));

var deep = {
    first : {
        name : "trick",
        val : "value"
    },
    second : {
        foo : "bar"
    }
};

var deepMerge = {
    first : {
        name : "track",
        anotherVal : "wohoo"
    },
    second : {
        foo : "baz",
        bar : "bam"
    },
    v : "on first layer"
};

assertTrue("Deep merges", clone(deep).merge(deepMerge).equals({
    first : {
        name : "track",
        val : "value",
        anotherVal : "wohoo"
    },
    second : {
        foo : "baz",
        bar : "bam"
    },
    v : "on first layer"
}));

assertTrue("Deep merges no override", clone(deep).merge(deepMerge, false).equals({
    first : {
        name : "trick",
        val : "value",
        anotherVal : "wohoo"
    },
    second : {
        foo : "bar",
        bar : "bam"
    },
    v : "on first layer"
}));

var obj1 = {a: 1, b: "hello"};
obj1.merge({c: 3});
assertTrue(obj1.equals({a: 1, b: "hello", c: 3}));

obj1.merge({a: 2, b: "mom", d: "new property"}, false);
assertTrue(obj1.equals({a: 1, b: "hello", c: 3, d: "new property"}));

var obj2 = {};
obj2.merge({a: 1}, {b: 2}, {a: 3});
assertTrue(obj2.equals({a: 3, b: 2}));

var a = [];
var b = [1, [2, 3], 4];
a.merge(b);
assertEquals(1, a[0]);
assertEquals([2, 3], a[1]);
assertEquals(4, a[2]);


var o1 = {};
var o2 = {a: 1, b: {c: 2}};
var o3 = {d: 3};
o1.merge(o2, o3);
assertTrue(o1.equals({a: 1, b: {c: 2}, d: 3}));
o1.b.c = 99;
assertTrue(o2.equals({a: 1, b: {c: 2}}));

// checking types with arrays and objects
var bo;
a = [];
bo = [1, {0:2, 1:3}, 4];
b = [1, [2, 3], 4];

a.merge(b);
assertTrue("Array stays Array?", Array.isArray(a[1]));

a = [];
a.merge(bo);
assertTrue("Object stays Object?", !Array.isArray(a[1]));

a = [];
a.merge(b);
a.merge(bo);
assertTrue("Object overrides Array", !Array.isArray(a[1]));

a = [];
a.merge(b);
a.merge(bo, false);
assertTrue("Object does not override Array", Array.isArray(a[1]));

a = [];
a.merge(bo);
a.merge(b);
assertTrue("Array overrides Object", Array.isArray(a[1]));

a = [];
a.merge(bo);
a.merge(b, false);
assertTrue("Array does not override Object", !Array.isArray(a[1]));

我的equals方法可以在这里找到：JavaScript中的对象比较