完整解决方案的示例

声明一个json文件，其中包含你想要的映射

{
  "old_key_name": "new_key_name",
  "old_key_name_2": "new_key_name_2",
}

加载它

with open("<filepath>") as json_file:
    format_dict = json.load(json_file)

创建此函数来使用映射格式化字典

def format_output(dict_to_format,format_dict):
  for row in dict_to_format:
    if row in format_dict.keys() and row != format_dict[row]:
      dict_to_format[format_dict[row]] = dict_to_format.pop(row)
  return dict_to_format

完整解决方案的示例

声明一个json文件，其中包含你想要的映射

{
  "old_key_name": "new_key_name",
  "old_key_name_2": "new_key_name_2",
}

加载它

with open("<filepath>") as json_file:
    format_dict = json.load(json_file)

创建此函数来使用映射格式化字典

def format_output(dict_to_format,format_dict):
  for row in dict_to_format:
    if row in format_dict.keys() and row != format_dict[row]:
      dict_to_format[format_dict[row]] = dict_to_format.pop(row)
  return dict_to_format

如果你想更改所有的键:

d = {'x':1, 'y':2, 'z':3}
d1 = {'x':'a', 'y':'b', 'z':'c'}

In [10]: dict((d1[key], value) for (key, value) in d.items())
Out[10]: {'a': 1, 'b': 2, 'c': 3}

如果你想改变单键: 你可以选择上面的任何一个建议。

只需2步即可轻松完成:

dictionary[new_key] = dictionary[old_key]
del dictionary[old_key]

或者一步:

dictionary[new_key] = dictionary.pop(old_key)

如果字典[old_key]未定义，将引发KeyError。注意，这将删除字典[old_key]。

>>> dictionary = { 1: 'one', 2:'two', 3:'three' }
>>> dictionary['ONE'] = dictionary.pop(1)
>>> dictionary
{2: 'two', 3: 'three', 'ONE': 'one'}
>>> dictionary['ONE'] = dictionary.pop(1)
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<input>", line 1, in <module>
KeyError: 1

注意pop的位置: 将你想要删除的键放在pop()之后 orig_dict['AAAAA'] = orig_dict.pop('A')

orig_dict = {'A': 1, 'B' : 5,  'C' : 10, 'D' : 15}   
# printing initial 
print ("original: ", orig_dict) 

# changing keys of dictionary 
orig_dict['AAAAA'] = orig_dict.pop('A')
  
# printing final result 
print ("Changed: ", str(orig_dict)) 

转换字典中的所有键

假设这是你的字典:

>>> sample = {'person-id': '3', 'person-name': 'Bob'}

将示例字典键中的所有破折号转换为下划线:

>>> sample = {key.replace('-', '_'): sample.pop(key) for key in sample.keys()}
>>> sample
>>> {'person_id': '3', 'person_name': 'Bob'}