如何将表单的所有元素转换为JavaScript对象?
我希望有某种方法从表单自动构建JavaScript对象,而不必遍历每个元素。我不希望使用$('#formid').serialize();返回的字符串;,我也不希望$('#formid').serializeArray()返回映射;
如何将表单的所有元素转换为JavaScript对象?
我希望有某种方法从表单自动构建JavaScript对象,而不必遍历每个元素。我不希望使用$('#formid').serialize();返回的字符串;,我也不希望$('#formid').serializeArray()返回映射;
当前回答
我编写了一个jQuery模块jsForm,即使对于非常复杂的表单(也允许集合和其他更复杂的结构),它也可以实现这种双向。
它使用字段的名称(加上一些用于集合的特殊类)并匹配JSON对象。它允许自动复制用于收集和数据处理的DOM元素:
<html>
<head>
<script src="http://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/1.9.1/jquery.min.js"></script>
<script src="https://raw.github.com/corinis/jsForm/master/src/jquery.jsForm.js"></script>
<script>
$(function(){
// Some JSON data
var jsonData = {
name: "TestName", // Standard inputs
description: "long Description\nMultiline", // Textarea
links: [{href:'http://stackoverflow.com',description:'StackOverflow'}, {href:'http://www.github.com', description:'GitHub'}], // Lists
active: true, // Checkbox
state: "VISIBLE" // Selects (enums)
};
// Initialize the form, prefix is optional and defaults to data
$("#details").jsForm({
data:jsonData
});
$("#show").click(function() {
// Show the JSON data
alert(JSON.stringify($("#details").jsForm("get"), null, " "));
});
});
</script>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Simpel Form Test</h1>
<div id="details">
Name: <input name="data.name"/><br/>
<input type="checkbox" name="data.active"/> active<br/>
<textarea name="data.description"></textarea><br/>
<select name="data.state">
<option value="VISIBLE">visible</option>
<option value="IMPORTANT">important</option>
<option value="HIDDEN">hidden</option>
</select>
<fieldset>
<legend>Links</legend>
<ul class="collection" data-field="data.links">
<li><span class="field">links.description</span> Link: <input name="links.href"/> <button class="delete">x</button></li>
</ul>
</fieldset>
<button class="add" data-field="data.links">add a link</button><br/>
Additional field: <input name="data.addedField"/>
</div>
<button id="show">Show Object</button>
</body>
</html>
其他回答
如果要发送带有JSON的表单,则必须在发送字符串时删除[]。您可以使用jQuery函数serializeObject()实现这一点:
var frm = $(document.myform);
var data = JSON.stringify(frm.serializeObject());
$.fn.serializeObject = function() {
var o = {};
//var a = this.serializeArray();
$(this).find('input[type="hidden"], input[type="text"], input[type="password"], input[type="checkbox"]:checked, input[type="radio"]:checked, select').each(function() {
if ($(this).attr('type') == 'hidden') { //If checkbox is checked do not take the hidden field
var $parent = $(this).parent();
var $chb = $parent.find('input[type="checkbox"][name="' + this.name.replace(/\[/g, '\[').replace(/\]/g, '\]') + '"]');
if ($chb != null) {
if ($chb.prop('checked')) return;
}
}
if (this.name === null || this.name === undefined || this.name === '')
return;
var elemValue = null;
if ($(this).is('select'))
elemValue = $(this).find('option:selected').val();
else
elemValue = this.value;
if (o[this.name] !== undefined) {
if (!o[this.name].push) {
o[this.name] = [o[this.name]];
}
o[this.name].push(elemValue || '');
}
else {
o[this.name] = elemValue || '';
}
});
return o;
}
serialize函数将JSON对象作为参数并返回serialize String。
function serialize(object) {
var _SPECIAL_CHARS = /[\\\"\x00-\x1f\x7f-\x9f\u00ad\u0600-\u0604\u070f\u17b4\u17b5\u200c-\u200f\u2028-\u202f\u2060-\u206f\ufeff\ufff0-\uffff]/g, _CHARS = {
'\b' : '\\b',
'\t' : '\\t',
'\n' : '\\n',
'\f' : '\\f',
'\r' : '\\r',
'"' : '\\"',
'\\' : '\\\\'
}, EMPTY = '', OPEN_O = '{', CLOSE_O = '}', OPEN_A = '[', CLOSE_A = ']', COMMA = ',', COMMA_CR = ",\n", CR = "\n", COLON = ':', space = "", COLON_SP = ': ', stack = [], QUOTE = '"';
function _char(c) {
if (!_CHARS[c]) {
_CHARS[c] = '\\u' + ('0000' + (+(c.charCodeAt(0))).toString(16))
.slice(-4);
}
return _CHARS[c];
}
function _string(s) {
return QUOTE + s.replace(_SPECIAL_CHARS, _char) + QUOTE;
// return str.replace('\"','').replace('\"','');
}
function serialize(h, key) {
var value = h[key], a = [], colon = ":", arr, i, keys, t, k, v;
arr = value instanceof Array;
stack.push(value);
keys = value;
i = 0;
t = typeof value;
switch (t) {
case "object" :
if(value==null){
return null;
}
break;
case "string" :
return _string(value);
case "number" :
return isFinite(value) ? value + EMPTY : NULL;
case "boolean" :
return value + EMPTY;
case "null" :
return null;
default :
return undefined;
}
arr = value.length === undefined ? false : true;
if (arr) { // Array
for (i = value.length - 1; i >= 0; --i) {
a[i] = serialize(value, i) || NULL;
}
}
else { // Object
i = 0;
for (k in keys) {
if (keys.hasOwnProperty(k)) {
v = serialize(value, k);
if (v) {
a[i++] = _string(k) + colon + v;
}
}
}
}
stack.pop();
if (space && a.length) {
return arr
? "[" + _indent(a.join(COMMA_CR), space) + "\n]"
: "{\n" + _indent(a.join(COMMA_CR), space) + "\n}";
}
else {
return arr ? "[" + a.join(COMMA) + "]" : "{" + a.join(COMMA)
+ "}";
}
}
return serialize({
"" : object
}, "");
}
Tobias Cohen解决方案的固定版本。此函数正确处理0和“”等错误值。
jQuery.fn.serializeObject = function() {
var arrayData, objectData;
arrayData = this.serializeArray();
objectData = {};
$.each(arrayData, function() {
var value;
if (this.value != null) {
value = this.value;
} else {
value = '';
}
if (objectData[this.name] != null) {
if (!objectData[this.name].push) {
objectData[this.name] = [objectData[this.name]];
}
objectData[this.name].push(value);
} else {
objectData[this.name] = value;
}
});
return objectData;
};
以及一个CoffeeScript版本,方便您编写代码:
jQuery.fn.serializeObject = ->
arrayData = @serializeArray()
objectData = {}
$.each arrayData, ->
if @value?
value = @value
else
value = ''
if objectData[@name]?
unless objectData[@name].push
objectData[@name] = [objectData[@name]]
objectData[@name].push value
else
objectData[@name] = value
return objectData
此函数应处理多维数组以及多个同名元素。
到目前为止,我已经使用了几年:
jQuery.fn.serializeJSON=function() {
var json = {};
jQuery.map(jQuery(this).serializeArray(), function(n, i) {
var _ = n.name.indexOf('[');
if (_ > -1) {
var o = json;
_name = n.name.replace(/\]/gi, '').split('[');
for (var i=0, len=_name.length; i<len; i++) {
if (i == len-1) {
if (o[_name[i]]) {
if (typeof o[_name[i]] == 'string') {
o[_name[i]] = [o[_name[i]]];
}
o[_name[i]].push(n.value);
}
else o[_name[i]] = n.value || '';
}
else o = o[_name[i]] = o[_name[i]] || {};
}
}
else {
if (json[n.name] !== undefined) {
if (!json[n.name].push) {
json[n.name] = [json[n.name]];
}
json[n.name].push(n.value || '');
}
else json[n.name] = n.value || '';
}
});
return json;
};
对于语义ui/formantic ui,有一个内置的行为get值:
const fields = $("#myForm.ui.form").form('get values');
const jsonStr = JSON.stringify(fields);
看见https://fomantic-ui.com/behaviors/form.html#/settings
get-values(标识符)返回与标识符数组匹配的元素值的对象。如果未通过IDS,将返回所有字段