我刚刚在c# 2.0中写了一个字符串反向函数(即LINQ不可用)，然后想到了这个:
public string Reverse(string text)
{
char[] cArray = text.ToCharArray();
string reverse = String.Empty;
for (int i = cArray.Length - 1; i > -1; i--)
{
reverse += cArray[i];
}
return reverse;
}
就我个人而言，我并不喜欢这个功能，我相信有更好的方法来实现它。是吗?
当前回答
public static string reverse(string s)
{
string r = "";
for (int i = s.Length; i > 0; i--) r += s[i - 1];
return r;
}
其他回答
string A = null;
//a now is reversed and you can use it
A = SimulateStrReverse.StrReverse("your string");
public static class SimulateStrReverse
{
public static string StrReverse(string expression)
{
if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(expression))
return string.Empty;
string reversedString = string.Empty;
for (int charIndex = expression.Length - 1; charIndex >= 0; charIndex--)
{
reversedString += expression[charIndex];
}
return reversedString;
}
}
这是一个非常棘手的问题。
我推荐使用Array。大多数情况下是反向的，因为它是原生编码的，维护和理解非常简单。
在我测试的所有情况下，它似乎都优于StringBuilder。
public string Reverse(string text)
{
if (text == null) return null;
// this was posted by petebob as well
char[] array = text.ToCharArray();
Array.Reverse(array);
return new String(array);
}
对于特定长度的字符串，使用Xor的第二种方法更快。
public static string ReverseXor(string s)
{
if (s == null) return null;
char[] charArray = s.ToCharArray();
int len = s.Length - 1;
for (int i = 0; i < len; i++, len--)
{
charArray[i] ^= charArray[len];
charArray[len] ^= charArray[i];
charArray[i] ^= charArray[len];
}
return new string(charArray);
}
注意:如果你想支持完整的Unicode UTF16字符集，请阅读此。而是使用那里的实现。它可以通过使用上述算法之一进一步优化，并在反转字符后遍历字符串以清理它。
下面是StringBuilder和Array之间的性能比较。逆向和异或法。
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Diagnostics;
namespace ConsoleApplication4
{
class Program
{
delegate string StringDelegate(string s);
static void Benchmark(string description, StringDelegate d, int times, string text)
{
Stopwatch sw = new Stopwatch();
sw.Start();
for (int j = 0; j < times; j++)
{
d(text);
}
sw.Stop();
Console.WriteLine("{0} Ticks {1} : called {2} times.", sw.ElapsedTicks, description, times);
}
public static string ReverseXor(string s)
{
char[] charArray = s.ToCharArray();
int len = s.Length - 1;
for (int i = 0; i < len; i++, len--)
{
charArray[i] ^= charArray[len];
charArray[len] ^= charArray[i];
charArray[i] ^= charArray[len];
}
return new string(charArray);
}
public static string ReverseSB(string text)
{
StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder(text.Length);
for (int i = text.Length - 1; i >= 0; i--)
{
builder.Append(text[i]);
}
return builder.ToString();
}
public static string ReverseArray(string text)
{
char[] array = text.ToCharArray();
Array.Reverse(array);
return (new string(array));
}
public static string StringOfLength(int length)
{
Random random = new Random();
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
for (int i = 0; i < length; i++)
{
sb.Append(Convert.ToChar(Convert.ToInt32(Math.Floor(26 * random.NextDouble() + 65))));
}
return sb.ToString();
}
static void Main(string[] args)
{
int[] lengths = new int[] {1,10,15,25,50,75,100,1000,100000};
foreach (int l in lengths)
{
int iterations = 10000;
string text = StringOfLength(l);
Benchmark(String.Format("String Builder (Length: {0})", l), ReverseSB, iterations, text);
Benchmark(String.Format("Array.Reverse (Length: {0})", l), ReverseArray, iterations, text);
Benchmark(String.Format("Xor (Length: {0})", l), ReverseXor, iterations, text);
Console.WriteLine();
}
Console.Read();
}
}
}
以下是调查结果:
26251 Ticks String Builder (Length: 1) : called 10000 times.
33373 Ticks Array.Reverse (Length: 1) : called 10000 times.
20162 Ticks Xor (Length: 1) : called 10000 times.
51321 Ticks String Builder (Length: 10) : called 10000 times.
37105 Ticks Array.Reverse (Length: 10) : called 10000 times.
23974 Ticks Xor (Length: 10) : called 10000 times.
66570 Ticks String Builder (Length: 15) : called 10000 times.
26027 Ticks Array.Reverse (Length: 15) : called 10000 times.
24017 Ticks Xor (Length: 15) : called 10000 times.
101609 Ticks String Builder (Length: 25) : called 10000 times.
28472 Ticks Array.Reverse (Length: 25) : called 10000 times.
35355 Ticks Xor (Length: 25) : called 10000 times.
161601 Ticks String Builder (Length: 50) : called 10000 times.
35839 Ticks Array.Reverse (Length: 50) : called 10000 times.
51185 Ticks Xor (Length: 50) : called 10000 times.
230898 Ticks String Builder (Length: 75) : called 10000 times.
40628 Ticks Array.Reverse (Length: 75) : called 10000 times.
78906 Ticks Xor (Length: 75) : called 10000 times.
312017 Ticks String Builder (Length: 100) : called 10000 times.
52225 Ticks Array.Reverse (Length: 100) : called 10000 times.
110195 Ticks Xor (Length: 100) : called 10000 times.
2970691 Ticks String Builder (Length: 1000) : called 10000 times.
292094 Ticks Array.Reverse (Length: 1000) : called 10000 times.
846585 Ticks Xor (Length: 1000) : called 10000 times.
305564115 Ticks String Builder (Length: 100000) : called 10000 times.
74884495 Ticks Array.Reverse (Length: 100000) : called 10000 times.
125409674 Ticks Xor (Length: 100000) : called 10000 times.
对于短字符串，Xor似乎更快。
使用Substring怎么样
static string ReverseString(string text)
{
string sub = "";
int indexCount = text.Length - 1;
for (int i = indexCount; i > -1; i--)
{
sub = sub + text.Substring(i, 1);
}
return sub;
}
这里有一个解决方案，正确地将字符串“Les Mise\u0301rables”反转为“selbare\u0301siM seL”。这应该像selbarésiM seL一样呈现，而不是selbaŕesiM seL(注意重音的位置)，就像大多数基于代码单元(Array。反向，等等)，甚至代码点(反向时要特别注意代理项对)。
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Globalization;
using System.Linq;
public static class Test
{
private static IEnumerable<string> GraphemeClusters(this string s) {
var enumerator = StringInfo.GetTextElementEnumerator(s);
while(enumerator.MoveNext()) {
yield return (string)enumerator.Current;
}
}
private static string ReverseGraphemeClusters(this string s) {
return string.Join("", s.GraphemeClusters().Reverse().ToArray());
}
public static void Main()
{
var s = "Les Mise\u0301rables";
var r = s.ReverseGraphemeClusters();
Console.WriteLine(r);
}
}
(和现场运行的例子在这里:https://ideone.com/DqAeMJ)
它只是简单地使用。net API进行字素簇迭代，它一直存在，但看起来有点“隐藏”。
因为我喜欢两个答案-一个是使用字符串。创建，因此高性能和低分配和另一个正确性-使用StringInfo类，我决定需要一种组合方法。这是最终的字符串反转方法:)
private static string ReverseString(string str)
{
return string.Create(str.Length, str, (chars, state) =>
{
var enumerator = StringInfo.GetTextElementEnumerator(state);
var position = state.Length;
while (enumerator.MoveNext())
{
var cluster = ((string)enumerator.Current).AsSpan();
cluster.CopyTo(chars.Slice(position - cluster.Length));
position -= cluster.Length;
}
});
}
还有一种更好的方法，使用StringInfo类的方法，它通过只返回索引来跳过Enumerator的大量字符串分配。
private static string ReverseString(string str)
{
return string.Create(str.Length, str, (chars, state) =>
{
var position = 0;
var indexes = StringInfo.ParseCombiningCharacters(state); // skips string creation
var stateSpan = state.AsSpan();
for (int len = indexes.Length, i = len - 1; i >= 0; i--)
{
var index = indexes[i];
var spanLength = i == len - 1 ? state.Length - index : indexes[i + 1] - index;
stateSpan.Slice(index, spanLength).CopyTo(chars.Slice(position));
position += spanLength;
}
});
}
与LINQ解决方案相比的一些基准测试:
String length 20:
LINQ Mean: 2,355.5 ns Allocated: 1440 B
string.Create Mean: 851.0 ns Allocated: 720 B
string.Create with indexes Mean: 466.4 ns Allocated: 168 B
String length 450:
LINQ Mean: 34.33 us Allocated: 22.98 KB
string.Create Mean: 19.13 us Allocated: 14.98 KB
string.Create with indexes Mean: 10.32 us Allocated: 2.69 KB
