基于您的解决方案，我自己做了一些事情来允许子文件夹。有些人可能会觉得这很有用:

...

copyFileOrDir("myrootdir");

...

private void copyFileOrDir(String path) {
    AssetManager assetManager = this.getAssets();
    String assets[] = null;
    try {
        assets = assetManager.list(path);
        if (assets.length == 0) {
            copyFile(path);
        } else {
            String fullPath = "/data/data/" + this.getPackageName() + "/" + path;
            File dir = new File(fullPath);
            if (!dir.exists())
                dir.mkdir();
            for (int i = 0; i < assets.length; ++i) {
                copyFileOrDir(path + "/" + assets[i]);
            }
        }
    } catch (IOException ex) {
        Log.e("tag", "I/O Exception", ex);
    }
}

private void copyFile(String filename) {
    AssetManager assetManager = this.getAssets();

    InputStream in = null;
    OutputStream out = null;
    try {
        in = assetManager.open(filename);
        String newFileName = "/data/data/" + this.getPackageName() + "/" + filename;
        out = new FileOutputStream(newFileName);

        byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
        int read;
        while ((read = in.read(buffer)) != -1) {
            out.write(buffer, 0, read);
        }
        in.close();
        in = null;
        out.flush();
        out.close();
        out = null;
    } catch (Exception e) {
        Log.e("tag", e.getMessage());
    }

}

对于正在更新到Kotlin的用户:

按照以下步骤避免FileUriExposedExceptions， 假设用户已授予WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE权限，并且您的文件位于assets/pdfs/mypdf.pdf。

private fun openFile() {
    var inputStream: InputStream? = null
    var outputStream: OutputStream? = null
    try {
        val file = File("${activity.getExternalFilesDir(null)}/$PDF_FILE_NAME")
        if (!file.exists()) {
            inputStream = activity.assets.open("$PDF_ASSETS_PATH/$PDF_FILE_NAME")
            outputStream = FileOutputStream(file)
            copyFile(inputStream, outputStream)
        }

        val uri = FileProvider.getUriForFile(
            activity,
            "${BuildConfig.APPLICATION_ID}.provider.GenericFileProvider",
            file
        )
        val intent = Intent(Intent.ACTION_VIEW).apply {
            setDataAndType(uri, "application/pdf")
            addFlags(Intent.FLAG_GRANT_READ_URI_PERMISSION)
            addFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NO_HISTORY)
        }
        activity.startActivity(intent)
    } catch (ex: IOException) {
        ex.printStackTrace()
    } catch (ex: ActivityNotFoundException) {
        ex.printStackTrace()
    } finally {
        inputStream?.close()
        outputStream?.flush()
        outputStream?.close()
    }
}

@Throws(IOException::class)
private fun copyFile(input: InputStream, output: OutputStream) {
    val buffer = ByteArray(1024)
    var read: Int = input.read(buffer)
    while (read != -1) {
        output.write(buffer, 0, read)
        read = input.read(buffer)
    }
}

companion object {
    private const val PDF_ASSETS_PATH = "pdfs"
    private const val PDF_FILE_NAME = "mypdf.pdf"
}

使用这个问题答案中的一些概念，我编写了一个名为assetcopyer的类来简化复制/assets/。它在github上可用，可以通过jitpack.io访问:

new AssetCopier(MainActivity.this)
        .withFileScanning()
        .copy("tocopy", destDir);

详情见https://github.com/flipagram/android-assetcopier。

使用AssetManager，它允许读取资产中的文件。然后使用常规的Java IO将文件写入sdcard。

谷歌是你的朋友，搜索一个例子。

基于您的解决方案，我自己做了一些事情来允许子文件夹。有些人可能会觉得这很有用:

...

copyFileOrDir("myrootdir");

...

private void copyFileOrDir(String path) {
    AssetManager assetManager = this.getAssets();
    String assets[] = null;
    try {
        assets = assetManager.list(path);
        if (assets.length == 0) {
            copyFile(path);
        } else {
            String fullPath = "/data/data/" + this.getPackageName() + "/" + path;
            File dir = new File(fullPath);
            if (!dir.exists())
                dir.mkdir();
            for (int i = 0; i < assets.length; ++i) {
                copyFileOrDir(path + "/" + assets[i]);
            }
        }
    } catch (IOException ex) {
        Log.e("tag", "I/O Exception", ex);
    }
}

private void copyFile(String filename) {
    AssetManager assetManager = this.getAssets();

    InputStream in = null;
    OutputStream out = null;
    try {
        in = assetManager.open(filename);
        String newFileName = "/data/data/" + this.getPackageName() + "/" + filename;
        out = new FileOutputStream(newFileName);

        byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
        int read;
        while ((read = in.read(buffer)) != -1) {
            out.write(buffer, 0, read);
        }
        in.close();
        in = null;
        out.flush();
        out.close();
        out = null;
    } catch (Exception e) {
        Log.e("tag", e.getMessage());
    }

}

import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.content.res.AssetManager;
import android.net.Uri;
import android.os.Environment;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.util.Log;
import java.io.BufferedOutputStream;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;


public class MainActivity extends Activity {

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

        copyReadAssets();
    }


    private void copyReadAssets()
    {
        AssetManager assetManager = getAssets();

        InputStream in = null;
        OutputStream out = null;

        String strDir = Environment.getExternalStoragePublicDirectory(Environment.DIRECTORY_DOWNLOADS)+ File.separator + "Pdfs";
        File fileDir = new File(strDir);
        fileDir.mkdirs();   // crear la ruta si no existe
        File file = new File(fileDir, "example2.pdf");



        try
        {

            in = assetManager.open("example.pdf");  //leer el archivo de assets
            out = new BufferedOutputStream(new FileOutputStream(file)); //crear el archivo


            copyFile(in, out);
            in.close();
            in = null;
            out.flush();
            out.close();
            out = null;
        } catch (Exception e)
        {
            Log.e("tag", e.getMessage());
        }

        Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_VIEW);
        intent.setDataAndType(Uri.parse("file://" + Environment.getExternalStoragePublicDirectory(Environment.DIRECTORY_DOWNLOADS) + File.separator + "Pdfs" + "/example2.pdf"), "application/pdf");
        startActivity(intent);
    }

    private void copyFile(InputStream in, OutputStream out) throws IOException
    {
        byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
        int read;
        while ((read = in.read(buffer)) != -1)
        {
            out.write(buffer, 0, read);
        }
    }
}

修改部分代码，如下所示:

out = new BufferedOutputStream(new FileOutputStream(file));

前面的例子是针对pdf文件的，如果是。txt

FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream(file);