我有一些正在测试的代码,它调用Java记录器来报告其状态。
在JUnit测试代码中,我想验证在这个日志记录器中创建了正确的日志条目。大致如下:
methodUnderTest(bool x){
if(x)
logger.info("x happened")
}
@Test tester(){
// perhaps setup a logger first.
methodUnderTest(true);
assertXXXXXX(loggedLevel(),Level.INFO);
}
我认为这可以用一个经过特别调整的记录器(或处理程序或格式化程序)来完成,但我更愿意重用现有的解决方案。(而且,老实说,我不清楚如何从记录器获得logRecord,但假设这是可能的。)
I also ran into the same challanged and ended up at this page. Although I am 11 years too late to answers the question, I thought maybe it could be still usefull for others. I found the answer of davidxxx with Logback and the ListAppander very usefull. I used the same configuration for multiple projects, however it was not so fun to copy/paste it and maintaining all the version when I needed to changes something. I thought it would be better to make a library out of it and contribute back to the community. It works with SLFJ4, Log4j, Log4j2, Java Util Logging, JBoss Logging and with Lombok annotations. Please have a look here: LogCaptor for detailed examples and how to add it to your project.
示例情况:
public class FooService {
private static final Logger LOGGER = LoggerFactory.getLogger(FooService.class);
public void sayHello() {
LOGGER.warn("Congratulations, you are pregnant!");
}
}
使用LogCaptor的单元测试示例:
import nl.altindag.log.LogCaptor;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import static org.assertj.core.api.Assertions.assertThat;
public class FooServiceTest {
@Test
public void sayHelloShouldLogWarnMessage() {
LogCaptor logCaptor = LogCaptor.forClass(FooService.class);
FooService fooService = new FooService();
fooService.sayHello();
assertThat(logCaptor.getWarnLogs())
.contains("Congratulations, you are pregnant!");
}
}
我不太确定是否应该在这里发布这篇文章,因为这也可以被视为推广“我的库”的一种方式,但我认为这对面临同样挑战的开发人员有帮助。
正如前面提到的,您可以使用mock框架。为此,您必须在类中公开记录器(尽管我可能更倾向于使其包私有而不是创建公共setter)。
另一种解决方案是手工创建一个假记录器。您必须编写伪记录器(更多的fixture代码),但在这种情况下,我更喜欢使用模拟框架中保存的代码来增强测试的可读性。
我会这样做:
class FakeLogger implements ILogger {
public List<String> infos = new ArrayList<String>();
public List<String> errors = new ArrayList<String>();
public void info(String message) {
infos.add(message);
}
public void error(String message) {
errors.add(message);
}
}
class TestMyClass {
private MyClass myClass;
private FakeLogger logger;
@Before
public void setUp() throws Exception {
myClass = new MyClass();
logger = new FakeLogger();
myClass.logger = logger;
}
@Test
public void testMyMethod() {
myClass.myMethod(true);
assertEquals(1, logger.infos.size());
}
}
非常感谢这些(令人惊讶的)快速而有用的回答;他们让我找到了正确的解决方法。
我想要使用的代码库使用java.util.logging作为其记录器机制,我对这些代码感到不够熟悉,无法完全将其更改为log4j或记录器接口/facade。但基于这些建议,我“破解”了一个j.u.l handler扩展,这是一种享受。
下面是一个简短的总结。延长java.util.logging.Handler:
class LogHandler extends Handler
{
Level lastLevel = Level.FINEST;
public Level checkLevel() {
return lastLevel;
}
public void publish(LogRecord record) {
lastLevel = record.getLevel();
}
public void close(){}
public void flush(){}
}
显然,您可以从LogRecord中存储您喜欢/想要/需要的任何数量,或者将它们全部推入堆栈,直到溢出。
在junit-test的准备过程中,你创建了一个java.util.logging.Logger,并添加这样一个新的LogHandler:
@Test tester() {
Logger logger = Logger.getLogger("my junit-test logger");
LogHandler handler = new LogHandler();
handler.setLevel(Level.ALL);
logger.setUseParentHandlers(false);
logger.addHandler(handler);
logger.setLevel(Level.ALL);
对setUseParentHandlers()的调用将使正常的处理程序静默,以便(对于这个junit-test运行)不会发生不必要的日志记录。做任何你的测试代码需要使用这个记录器,运行测试和assertEquality:
libraryUnderTest.setLogger(logger);
methodUnderTest(true); // see original question.
assertEquals("Log level as expected?", Level.INFO, handler.checkLevel() );
}
(当然,您可以将大部分工作移到@Before方法中,并进行各种其他改进,但这会使演示变得混乱。)