我有一些正在测试的代码，它调用Java记录器来报告其状态。 在JUnit测试代码中，我想验证在这个日志记录器中创建了正确的日志条目。大致如下:
methodUnderTest(bool x){
if(x)
logger.info("x happened")
}
@Test tester(){
// perhaps setup a logger first.
methodUnderTest(true);
assertXXXXXX(loggedLevel(),Level.INFO);
}
我认为这可以用一个经过特别调整的记录器(或处理程序或格式化程序)来完成，但我更愿意重用现有的解决方案。(而且，老实说，我不清楚如何从记录器获得logRecord，但假设这是可能的。)
当前回答
检查这个库https://github.com/Hakky54/log-captor
在maven文件中包含库的引用:
<dependency>
<groupId>io.github.hakky54</groupId>
<artifactId>logcaptor</artifactId>
<version>2.5.0</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
在java代码测试方法中，你应该包括以下内容:
LogCaptor logCaptor = LogCaptor.forClass(MyClass.class);
// do the test logic....
assertThat(logCaptor.getLogs()).contains("Some log to assert");
其他回答
受到@RonaldBlaschke的解决方案的启发，我想到了这个:
public class Log4JTester extends ExternalResource {
TestAppender appender;
@Override
protected void before() {
appender = new TestAppender();
final Logger rootLogger = Logger.getRootLogger();
rootLogger.addAppender(appender);
}
@Override
protected void after() {
final Logger rootLogger = Logger.getRootLogger();
rootLogger.removeAppender(appender);
}
public void assertLogged(Matcher<String> matcher) {
for(LoggingEvent event : appender.events) {
if(matcher.matches(event.getMessage())) {
return;
}
}
fail("No event matches " + matcher);
}
private static class TestAppender extends AppenderSkeleton {
List<LoggingEvent> events = new ArrayList<LoggingEvent>();
@Override
protected void append(LoggingEvent event) {
events.add(event);
}
@Override
public void close() {
}
@Override
public boolean requiresLayout() {
return false;
}
}
}
．.． 这允许你做:
@Rule public Log4JTester logTest = new Log4JTester();
@Test
public void testFoo() {
user.setStatus(Status.PREMIUM);
logTest.assertLogged(
stringContains("Note added to account: premium customer"));
}
你也许可以用更聪明的方式来使用hamcrest，但我就讲到这里。
实际上，您是在测试依赖类的副作用。对于单元测试，您只需要验证这一点
logger.info（）
使用正确的参数调用。因此，使用一个模拟框架来模拟记录器，这将允许您测试自己类的行为。
简单的方法
@ExtendWith(OutputCaptureExtension.class)
class MyTestClass {
@Test
void my_test_method(CapturedOutput output) {
assertThat(output).contains("my test log.");
}
}
在类实现中不需要依赖硬编码的静态全局记录器，可以在默认构造函数中提供默认记录器，然后使用特定的构造函数设置对所提供的记录器的引用。
class MyClassToTest {
private final Logger logger;
public MyClassToTest() {
this(SomeStatic.logger);
};
MyClassToTest(Logger logger) {
this.logger = logger;
};
public void someOperation() {
logger.warn("warning message");
// ...
};
};
class MyClassToTestTest {
@Test
public warnCalled() {
Logger loggerMock = mock(Logger.class);
MyClassTest myClassToTest = new MyClassToTest(logger);
myClassToTest.someOperation();
verify(loggerMock).warn(anyString());
};
}
模拟Appender可以帮助捕获日志行。 在http://clearqa.blogspot.co.uk/2016/12/test-log-lines.html上找到示例
// Fully working test at: https://github.com/njaiswal/logLineTester/blob/master/src/test/java/com/nj/Utils/UtilsTest.java
@Test
public void testUtilsLog() throws InterruptedException {
Logger utilsLogger = (Logger) LoggerFactory.getLogger("com.nj.utils");
final Appender mockAppender = mock(Appender.class);
when(mockAppender.getName()).thenReturn("MOCK");
utilsLogger.addAppender(mockAppender);
final List<String> capturedLogs = Collections.synchronizedList(new ArrayList<>());
final CountDownLatch latch = new CountDownLatch(3);
//Capture logs
doAnswer((invocation) -> {
LoggingEvent loggingEvent = invocation.getArgumentAt(0, LoggingEvent.class);
capturedLogs.add(loggingEvent.getFormattedMessage());
latch.countDown();
return null;
}).when(mockAppender).doAppend(any());
//Call method which will do logging to be tested
Application.main(null);
//Wait 5 seconds for latch to be true. That means 3 log lines were logged
assertThat(latch.await(5L, TimeUnit.SECONDS), is(true));
//Now assert the captured logs
assertThat(capturedLogs, hasItem(containsString("One")));
assertThat(capturedLogs, hasItem(containsString("Two")));
assertThat(capturedLogs, hasItem(containsString("Three")));
}
