我有一个包含对象和数组的嵌套数据结构。我如何提取信息，即访问一个特定的或多个值(或键)?
例如:
var data = {
code: 42,
items: [{
id: 1,
name: 'foo'
}, {
id: 2,
name: 'bar'
}]
};
我如何访问项目中的第二个项目的名称?
当前回答
下面是一个使用对象扫描的答案。
当访问单个条目时，这个答案并没有提供比普通javascript更多的好处。然而，同时与多个字段交互，这个答案可以更有效。
下面是与单个字段交互的方法
// const objectScan = require('object-scan'); const data = { code: 42, items: [{ id: 1, name: 'foo' }, { id: 2, name: 'bar' }] }; const get = (haystack, needle) => objectScan([needle], { abort: true, rtn: 'value' })(haystack); const set = (haystack, needle, value) => objectScan([needle], { abort: true, rtn: 'bool', filterFn: ({ parent, property }) => { parent[property] = value; return true; } })(haystack); console.log(get(data, 'items[1].name')); // => bar console.log(set(data, 'items[1].name', 'foo2')); // => true console.log(data); // => { code: 42, items: [ { id: 1, name: 'foo' }, { id: 2, name: 'foo2' } ] } .as-console-wrapper {max-height: 100% !important; top: 0} <script src="https://bundle.run/object-scan@13.8.0"></script>
声明:我是object-scan的作者
下面是如何同时与多个字段交互
// const objectScan = require('object-scan'); const data = { code: 42, items: [{ id: 1, name: 'foo' }, { id: 2, name: 'bar' }] }; const get = (haystack, ...needles) => objectScan(needles, { joined: true, rtn: 'entry' })(haystack); const set = (haystack, actions) => objectScan(Object.keys(actions), { rtn: 'count', filterFn: ({ matchedBy, parent, property }) => { matchedBy.forEach((m) => { parent[property] = actions[m]; }) return true; } })(haystack); console.log(get(data, 'items[0].name', 'items[1].name')); // => [ [ 'items[1].name', 'bar' ], [ 'items[0].name', 'foo' ] ] console.log(set(data, { 'items[0].name': 'foo1', 'items[1].name': 'foo2' })); // => 2 console.log(data); // => { code: 42, items: [ { id: 1, name: 'foo1' }, { id: 2, name: 'foo2' } ] } .as-console-wrapper {max-height: 100% !important; top: 0} <script src="https://bundle.run/object-scan@13.8.0"></script>
声明:我是object-scan的作者
下面是如何在一个深度嵌套的对象中通过id搜索找到一个实体(正如在评论中问到的那样)
// const objectScan = require('object-scan'); const myData = { code: 42, items: [{ id: 1, name: 'aaa', items: [{ id: 3, name: 'ccc' }, { id: 4, name: 'ddd' }] }, { id: 2, name: 'bbb', items: [{ id: 5, name: 'eee' }, { id: 6, name: 'fff' }] }] }; const findItemById = (haystack, id) => objectScan(['**(^items$).id'], { abort: true, useArraySelector: false, rtn: 'parent', filterFn: ({ value }) => value === id })(haystack); console.log(findItemById(myData, 5)); // => { id: 5, name: 'eee' } .as-console-wrapper {max-height: 100% !important; top: 0} <script src="https://bundle.run/object-scan@13.8.0"></script>
声明:我是object-scan的作者
其他回答
我就是这么做的。
let groups = [
{
id:1,
title:"Group 1",
members:[
{
id:1,
name:"Aftab",
battry:'10%'
},
{
id:2,
name:"Jamal",
},
{
id:3,
name:"Hamid",
},
{
id:4,
name:"Aqeel",
},
]
},
{
id:2,
title:"Group 2",
members:[
{
id:1,
name:"Aftab",
battry:'10%'
},
{
id:2,
name:"Jamal",
battry:'10%'
},
{
id:3,
name:"Hamid",
},
]
},
{
id:3,
title:"Group 3",
members:[
{
id:1,
name:"Aftab",
battry:'10%'
},
{
id:3,
name:"Hamid",
},
{
id:4,
name:"Aqeel",
},
]
}
]
groups.map((item) => {
// if(item.id == 2){
item.members.map((element) => {
if(element.id == 1){
element.battry="20%"
}
})
//}
})
groups.forEach((item) => {
item.members.forEach((item) => {
console.log(item)
})
})
你需要做的非常简单，它可以通过递归来实现:
const json_object = {
"item1":{
"name": "apple",
"value": 2,
},
"item2":{
"name": "pear",
"value": 4,
},
"item3":{
"name": "mango",
"value": 3,
"prices": {
"1": "9$",
"2": "59$",
"3": "1$"
}
}
}
function walkJson(json_object){
for(obj in json_object){
if(typeof json_object[obj] === 'string'){
console.log(`${obj}=>${json_object[obj]}`);
}else{
console.log(`${obj}=>${json_object[obj]}`);
walkJson(json_object[obj]);
}
}
}
walkJson(json_object);
如果你正在寻找一个或多个符合特定条件的对象，你可以使用query-js进行一些选择
//will return all elements with an id larger than 1
data.items.where(function(e){return e.id > 1;});
//will return the first element with an id larger than 1
data.items.first(function(e){return e.id > 1;});
//will return the first element with an id larger than 1
//or the second argument if non are found
data.items.first(function(e){return e.id > 1;},{id:-1,name:""});
还有一个single和一个singleOrDefault，它们的工作类似于firstand firstordefault。唯一的区别是，如果找到了不止一根火柴，他们就会扔。
关于query-js的进一步解释可以从这篇文章开始
使用lodash是一个很好的解决方案
例:
var object = { 'a': { 'b': { 'c': 3 } } };
_.get(object, 'a.b.c');
// => 3
python式、递归式和函数式方法来分解任意JSON树:
handlers = {
list: iterate,
dict: delve,
str: emit_li,
float: emit_li,
}
def emit_li(stuff, strong=False):
emission = '<li><strong>%s</strong></li>' if strong else '<li>%s</li>'
print(emission % stuff)
def iterate(a_list):
print('<ul>')
map(unravel, a_list)
print('</ul>')
def delve(a_dict):
print('<ul>')
for key, value in a_dict.items():
emit_li(key, strong=True)
unravel(value)
print('</ul>')
def unravel(structure):
h = handlers[type(structure)]
return h(structure)
unravel(data)
其中data是python列表(从JSON文本字符串解析而来):
data = [
{'data': {'customKey1': 'customValue1',
'customKey2': {'customSubKey1': {'customSubSubKey1': 'keyvalue'}}},
'geometry': {'location': {'lat': 37.3860517, 'lng': -122.0838511},
'viewport': {'northeast': {'lat': 37.4508789,
'lng': -122.0446721},
'southwest': {'lat': 37.3567599,
'lng': -122.1178619}}},
'name': 'Mountain View',
'scope': 'GOOGLE',
'types': ['locality', 'political']}
]
