如何访问和处理嵌套对象、数组或JSON?

我有一个包含对象和数组的嵌套数据结构。我如何提取信息，即访问一个特定的或多个值(或键)?

例如:

var data = {
    code: 42,
    items: [{
        id: 1,
        name: 'foo'
    }, {
        id: 2,
        name: 'bar'
    }]
};

我如何访问项目中的第二个项目的名称?

当前回答

python式、递归式和函数式方法来分解任意JSON树:

handlers = {
    list:  iterate,
    dict:  delve,
    str:   emit_li,
    float: emit_li,
}

def emit_li(stuff, strong=False):
    emission = '<li><strong>%s</strong></li>' if strong else '<li>%s</li>'
    print(emission % stuff)

def iterate(a_list):
    print('<ul>')
    map(unravel, a_list)
    print('</ul>')

def delve(a_dict):
    print('<ul>')
    for key, value in a_dict.items():
        emit_li(key, strong=True)
        unravel(value)
    print('</ul>')

def unravel(structure):
    h = handlers[type(structure)]
    return h(structure)

unravel(data)

其中data是python列表(从JSON文本字符串解析而来):

data = [
    {'data': {'customKey1': 'customValue1',
           'customKey2': {'customSubKey1': {'customSubSubKey1': 'keyvalue'}}},
  'geometry': {'location': {'lat': 37.3860517, 'lng': -122.0838511},
               'viewport': {'northeast': {'lat': 37.4508789,
                                          'lng': -122.0446721},
                            'southwest': {'lat': 37.3567599,
                                          'lng': -122.1178619}}},
  'name': 'Mountain View',
  'scope': 'GOOGLE',
  'types': ['locality', 'political']}
]

2016-12-28 19:53:36

其他回答

动态访问多级对象。

var obj = {
  name: "john doe",
  subobj: {
    subsubobj: {
      names: "I am sub sub obj"
    }
  }
};

var level = "subobj.subsubobj.names";
level = level.split(".");

var currentObjState = obj;

for (var i = 0; i < level.length; i++) {
  currentObjState = currentObjState[level[i]];
}

console.log(currentObjState);

工作提琴:https://jsfiddle.net/andreitodorut/3mws3kjL/

2018-01-25 10:24:48

如果您试图在JSON字符串中查找路径，可以将数据转储到https://jsonpathfinder.com并单击GUI元素。它将生成元素路径的JS语法。

除此之外，对于您可能想要迭代的任何数组，用循环替换相关的数组偏移下标，如[0]。

这里有一个简单版本的工具，你可以在这里或在https://ggorlen.github.io/json-dive/上运行。单击要将路径复制到剪贴板的节点。

/* code minified to make the tool easier to run without having to scroll */ let bracketsOnly=!1,lastHighlighted={style:{}};const keyToStr=t=>!bracketsOnly&&/^[a-zA-Z_$][a-zA-Z$_\d]*$/.test(t)?`.${toHTML(t)}`:`["${toHTML(t)}"]`,pathToData=t=>`data-path="data${t.join("")}"`,htmlSpecialChars={"&":"&","<":"<",">":">",'"':""","'":"'","\t":"\\t","\r":"\\r","\n":"\\n"," ":" "},toHTML=t=>(""+t).replace(/[&<>"'\t\r\n ]/g,t=>htmlSpecialChars[t]),makeArray=(t,e)=>`\n [<ul ${pathToData(e)}>\n ${t.map((t,a)=>{e.push(`[${a}]`);const n=`<li ${pathToData(e)}>\n ${pathify(t,e).trim()},\n </li>`;return e.pop(),n}).join("")}\n </ul>]\n`,makeObj=(t,e)=>`\n {<ul ${pathToData(e)}>\n ${Object.entries(t).map(([t,a])=>{e.push(keyToStr(t));const n=`<li ${pathToData(e)}>\n "${toHTML(t)}": ${pathify(a,e).trim()},\n </li>`;return e.pop(),n}).join("")}\n </ul>}\n`,pathify=(t,e=[])=>Array.isArray(t)?makeArray(t,e):"object"==typeof t&&t!=null?makeObj(t,e):toHTML("string"==typeof t?`"${t}"`:t),defaultJSON='{\n "corge": "test JSON... \\n asdf\\t asdf",\n "foo-bar": [\n {"id": 42},\n [42, {"foo": {"baz": {"ba r<>!\\t": true, "4quux": "garply"}}}]\n ]\n}',$=document.querySelector.bind(document),$$=document.querySelectorAll.bind(document),resultEl=$("#result"),pathEl=$("#path"),tryToJSON=t=>{try{resultEl.innerHTML=pathify(JSON.parse(t)),$("#error").innerText=""}catch(t){resultEl.innerHTML="",$("#error").innerText=t}},copyToClipboard=t=>{const e=document.createElement("textarea");e.textContent=t,document.body.appendChild(e),e.select(),document.execCommand("copy"),document.body.removeChild(e)},flashAlert=(t,e=2e3)=>{const a=document.createElement("div");a.textContent=t,a.classList.add("alert"),document.body.appendChild(a),setTimeout(()=>a.remove(),e)},handleClick=t=>{t.stopPropagation(),copyToClipboard(t.target.dataset.path),flashAlert("copied!"),$("#path-out").textContent=t.target.dataset.path},handleMouseOut=t=>{lastHighlighted.style.background="transparent",pathEl.style.display="none"},handleMouseOver=t=>{pathEl.textContent=t.target.dataset.path,pathEl.style.left=`${t.pageX+30}px`,pathEl.style.top=`${t.pageY}px`,pathEl.style.display="block",lastHighlighted.style.background="transparent",(lastHighlighted=t.target.closest("li")).style.background="#0ff"},handleNewJSON=t=>{tryToJSON(t.target.value),[...$$("#result *")].forEach(t=>{t.addEventListener("click",handleClick),t.addEventListener("mouseout",handleMouseOut),t.addEventListener("mouseover",handleMouseOver)})};$("textarea").addEventListener("change",handleNewJSON),$("textarea").addEventListener("keyup",handleNewJSON),$("textarea").value=defaultJSON,$("#brackets").addEventListener("change",t=>{bracketsOnly=!bracketsOnly,handleNewJSON({target:{value:$("textarea").value}})}),handleNewJSON({target:{value:defaultJSON}}); /**/ *{box-sizing:border-box;font-family:monospace;margin:0;padding:0}html{height:100%}#path-out{background-color:#0f0;padding:.3em}body{margin:0;height:100%;position:relative;background:#f8f8f8}textarea{width:100%;height:110px;resize:vertical}#opts{background:#e8e8e8;padding:.3em}#opts label{padding:.3em}#path{background:#000;transition:all 50ms;color:#fff;padding:.2em;position:absolute;display:none}#error{margin:.5em;color:red}#result ul{list-style:none}#result li{cursor:pointer;border-left:1em solid transparent}#result li:hover{border-color:#ff0}.alert{background:#f0f;padding:.2em;position:fixed;bottom:10px;right:10px}  <div class="wrapper"><textarea></textarea><div id="opts"><label>brackets only: <input id="brackets"type="checkbox"></label></div><div id="path-out">click a node to copy path to clipboard</div><div id="path"></div><div id="result"></div><div id="error"></div></div>

Unminified(也可以在GitHub上找到):

这并不是为了代替学习如何钓鱼，但一旦你知道了，可以节省时间。

2021-07-20 19:22:48

我就是这么做的。

 let groups = [
        {
            id:1,
            title:"Group 1",
            members:[
                {
                    id:1,
                    name:"Aftab",
                    battry:'10%'
                },
                {
                    id:2,
                    name:"Jamal",
                },
                {
                    id:3,
                    name:"Hamid",
                },
                {
                    id:4,
                    name:"Aqeel",
                },
            ]
        },
        {
            id:2,
            title:"Group 2",
            members:[
                {
                    id:1,
                    name:"Aftab",
                    battry:'10%'
                },
                {
                    id:2,
                    name:"Jamal",
                    battry:'10%'
                },
                {
                    id:3,
                    name:"Hamid",
                },
               
            ]
        },
        {
            id:3,
            title:"Group 3",
            members:[
                {
                    id:1,
                    name:"Aftab",
                    battry:'10%'
                },
                
                {
                    id:3,
                    name:"Hamid",
                },
                {
                    id:4,
                    name:"Aqeel",
                },
            ]
        }
    ]
    
    groups.map((item) => {
      //  if(item.id == 2){
        item.members.map((element) => {
             if(element.id == 1){
                 element.battry="20%"
             }
         })
        //}
    })
    
    groups.forEach((item) => {
        item.members.forEach((item) => {
            console.log(item)
    })
    })

2021-08-31 09:27:03

我更喜欢JQuery。它更干净，更容易阅读。

$.each($.parseJSON(data), function (key, value) {
  alert(value.<propertyname>);
});

2016-02-24 15:55:02

jQuery的grep函数允许你过滤数组:

2017-08-28 11:25:30

如何访问和处理嵌套对象、数组或JSON?

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