它们似乎都在向身体内部的服务器发送数据,那么它们有什么不同呢?
当前回答
请参阅:http://zacharyvoase.com/2009/07/03/http-post-put-diff/
最近,我对web开发人员的一个流行误解感到非常恼火,他们认为POST是用来创建资源的,而PUT是用来更新/更改资源的。
如果你看一下RFC 2616的第55页(“超文本传输协议- HTTP/1.1”),第9.6节(“PUT”),你会看到PUT实际上是干什么的:
PUT方法要求将所包含的实体存储在所提供的Request-URI下。
还有一个方便的段落解释了POST和PUT之间的区别:
The fundamental difference between the POST and PUT requests is reflected in the different meaning of the Request-URI. The URI in a POST request identifies the resource that will handle the enclosed entity. That resource might be a data-accepting process, a gateway to some other protocol, or a separate entity that accepts annotations. In contrast, the URI in a PUT request identifies the entity enclosed with the request – the user agent knows what URI is intended and the server MUST NOT attempt to apply the request to some other resource.
它没有提到更新/创建之间的区别,因为这不是它的重点。这是关于这两者之间的区别:
obj.set_attribute(value) # A POST request.
这:
obj.attribute = value # A PUT request.
所以,请停止这种流行的误解的传播。阅读rfc。
其他回答
什么时候使用一种或另一种应该是相当简单的,但复杂的措辞对我们许多人来说是困惑的来源。
何时使用:
当您希望修改已经是资源集合一部分的单个资源时,请使用PUT。PUT将整个资源替换。示例:PUT /resources/:resourceId 旁注:如果您想更新资源的一部分,请使用PATCH。
当您希望在资源集合下添加子资源时,请使用POST。 示例:POST => /resources
一般来说:
通常,在实践中,总是使用PUT进行UPDATE操作。 CREATE操作总是使用POST。
例子:
GET /company/reports =>获取所有报告 GET /company/reports/{id} =>获取以"id"标识的报告信息 POST /company/reports => PUT /company/reports/{id} =>更新“id”标识的报告信息 PATCH /company/reports/{id} =>更新“id”标识的部分报告信息 DELETE /company/reports/{id} =>删除报表
GET: Retrieves data from the server. Should have no other effect. PUT: Replaces target resource with the request payload. Can be used to update or create a new resource. PATCH: Similar to PUT, but used to update only certain fields within an existing resource. POST: Performs resource-specific processing on the payload. Can be used for different actions including creating a new resource, uploading a file, or submitting a web form. DELETE: Removes data from the server. TRACE: Provides a way to test what the server receives. It simply returns what was sent. OPTIONS: Allows a client to get information about the request methods supported by a service. The relevant response header is Allow with supported methods. Also used in CORS as preflight request to inform the server about actual the request method and ask about custom headers. HEAD: Returns only the response headers. CONNECT: Used by the browser when it knows it talks to a proxy and the final URI begins with https://. The intent of CONNECT is to allow end-to-end encrypted TLS sessions, so the data is unreadable to a proxy.
根据HTTP方法定义操作
HTTP协议定义了许多为请求分配语义的方法。大多数RESTful web api使用的常见HTTP方法有:
GET在指定URI处检索资源的表示形式。响应消息的主体包含所请求资源的详细信息。
POST在指定的URI上创建一个新资源。请求消息的主体提供了新资源的详细信息。注意,POST还可以用于触发不实际创建资源的操作。
PUT在指定的URI上创建或替换资源。请求消息的主体指定要创建或更新的资源。
PATCH执行资源的部分更新。请求体指定要应用于资源的更改集。
DELETE删除指定URI上的资源。
特定请求的效果应取决于资源是集合还是单个项。下表通过电子商务示例总结了大多数RESTful实现采用的常见约定。并不是所有这些请求都可以实现——这取决于具体的场景。
Resource | POST | GET | PUT | DELETE |
---|---|---|---|---|
/customers | Create a new customer | Retrieve all customers | Bulk update of customers | Remove all customers |
/customers/1 | Error | Retrieve the details for customer 1 | Update the details of customer 1 if it exists | Remove customer 1 |
/customers/1/orders | Create a new order for customer 1 | Retrieve all orders for customer 1 | Bulk update of orders for customer 1 | Remove all orders for customer 1 |
POST、PUT和PATCH之间的区别可能令人困惑。
POST请求创建一个资源。服务器为新资源分配URI,并将该URI返回给客户端。在REST模型中,您经常对集合应用POST请求。新资源被添加到集合中。POST请求还可以用于将数据提交到现有资源进行处理,而不需要创建任何新资源。
A PUT request creates a resource or updates an existing resource. The client specifies the URI for the resource. The request body contains a complete representation of the resource. If a resource with this URI already exists, it is replaced. Otherwise, a new resource is created, if the server supports doing so. PUT requests are most frequently applied to resources that are individual items, such as a specific customer, rather than collections. A server might support updates but not creation via PUT. Whether to support creation via PUT depends on whether the client can meaningfully assign a URI to a resource before it exists. If not, then use POST to create resources and PUT or PATCH to update.
PATCH请求对现有资源执行部分更新。客户端为资源指定URI。请求体指定要应用于资源的一组更改。这可能比使用PUT更有效,因为客户端只发送更改,而不是资源的整个表示。从技术上讲,如果服务器支持的话,PATCH还可以创建一个新资源(通过指定一组对“null”资源的更新)。
PUT请求必须是等幂的。如果客户端多次提交相同的PUT请求,结果应该总是相同的(相同的资源将被修改为相同的值)。POST和PATCH请求不能保证是等幂的。
请参阅:http://zacharyvoase.com/2009/07/03/http-post-put-diff/
最近,我对web开发人员的一个流行误解感到非常恼火,他们认为POST是用来创建资源的,而PUT是用来更新/更改资源的。
如果你看一下RFC 2616的第55页(“超文本传输协议- HTTP/1.1”),第9.6节(“PUT”),你会看到PUT实际上是干什么的:
PUT方法要求将所包含的实体存储在所提供的Request-URI下。
还有一个方便的段落解释了POST和PUT之间的区别:
The fundamental difference between the POST and PUT requests is reflected in the different meaning of the Request-URI. The URI in a POST request identifies the resource that will handle the enclosed entity. That resource might be a data-accepting process, a gateway to some other protocol, or a separate entity that accepts annotations. In contrast, the URI in a PUT request identifies the entity enclosed with the request – the user agent knows what URI is intended and the server MUST NOT attempt to apply the request to some other resource.
它没有提到更新/创建之间的区别,因为这不是它的重点。这是关于这两者之间的区别:
obj.set_attribute(value) # A POST request.
这:
obj.attribute = value # A PUT request.
所以,请停止这种流行的误解的传播。阅读rfc。
Post和Put主要用于发布数据和其他更新数据。但是你可以只对post request做同样的事情。
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