>>> thing = 'foo'
>>> type(thing).__name__ == 'str' or type(thing).__name__ == 'unicode'
True

如果你不想依赖于外部库，这适用于Python 2.7+和Python 3 (http://ideone.com/uB4Kdc):

# your code goes here
s = ["test"];
#s = "test";
isString = False;

if(isinstance(s, str)):
    isString = True;
try:
    if(isinstance(s, basestring)):
        isString = True;
except NameError:
    pass;

if(isString):
    print("String");
else:
    print("Not String");

我是这样做的:

if type(x) == type(str()):

a = '1000' # also tested for 'abc100', 'a100bc', '100abc'

isinstance(a, str) or isinstance(a, unicode)

返回True

type(a) in [str, unicode]

返回True

我知道这是一个老话题，但作为谷歌上的第一个，鉴于我对任何一个答案都不满意，我将把这个留在这里供将来参考:

six是一个Python 2和3兼容性库，已经涵盖了这个问题。然后你可以这样做:

import six

if isinstance(value, six.string_types):
    pass # It's a string !!

检查代码，如下所示:

import sys

PY3 = sys.version_info[0] == 3

if PY3:
    string_types = str,
else:
    string_types = basestring,

你可以:

var = 1
if type(var) == int:
   print('your variable is an integer')

or:

var2 = 'this is variable #2'
if type(var2) == str:
    print('your variable is a string')
else:
    print('your variable IS NOT a string')

希望这能有所帮助!