假设我们在表中有14条name列的记录

在小组由

select name,count(*) as totalcount from person where name='Please fill out' group BY name;

它将给出单行计数，即14

但是在除以

select row_number() over (partition by name) as total from person where name = 'Please fill out';

它将增加14行计数

使用GROUP BY时，生成的行通常比输入的行少。

但是，当使用PARTITION BY时，得到的行数应该与传入的行数相同。

-- BELOW IS A SAMPLE WHICH OUTLINES THE SIMPLE DIFFERENCES
-- READ IT AND THEN EXECUTE IT
-- THERE ARE THREE ROWS OF EACH COLOR INSERTED INTO THE TABLE
-- CREATE A database called testDB


-- use testDB
USE [TestDB]
GO


-- create Paints table
CREATE TABLE [dbo].[Paints](
    [Color] [varchar](50) NULL,
    [glossLevel] [varchar](50) NULL
) ON [PRIMARY]

GO


-- Populate Table
insert into paints (color, glossLevel)
select 'red', 'eggshell'
union
select 'red', 'glossy'
union
select 'red', 'flat'
union
select 'blue', 'eggshell'
union
select 'blue', 'glossy'
union
select 'blue', 'flat'
union
select 'orange', 'glossy'
union
select 'orange', 'flat'
union
select 'orange', 'eggshell'
union
select 'green', 'eggshell'
union
select 'green', 'glossy'
union
select 'green', 'flat'
union
select 'black', 'eggshell'
union
select 'black', 'glossy'
union
select 'black', 'flat'
union
select 'purple', 'eggshell'
union
select 'purple', 'glossy'
union
select 'purple', 'flat'
union
select 'salmon', 'eggshell'
union
select 'salmon', 'glossy'
union
select 'salmon', 'flat'


/*   COMPARE 'GROUP BY' color to 'OVER (PARTITION BY Color)'  */

-- GROUP BY Color 
-- row quantity defined by group by
-- aggregate (count(*)) defined by group by
select count(*) from paints
group by color

-- OVER (PARTITION BY... Color 
-- row quantity defined by main query
-- aggregate defined by OVER-PARTITION BY
select color
, glossLevel
, count(*) OVER (Partition by color)
from paints

/* COMPARE 'GROUP BY' color, glossLevel to 'OVER (PARTITION BY Color, GlossLevel)'  */

-- GROUP BY Color, GlossLevel
-- row quantity defined by GROUP BY
-- aggregate (count(*)) defined by GROUP BY
select count(*) from paints
group by color, glossLevel



-- Partition by Color, GlossLevel
-- row quantity defined by main query
-- aggregate (count(*)) defined by OVER-PARTITION BY
select color
, glossLevel
, count(*) OVER (Partition by color, glossLevel)
from paints

它提供汇总数据而不进行汇总

例如，假设我想返回销售区域的相对位置

使用PARTITION BY，我可以返回给定区域的销售额和同一行中所有销售区域的最大销售额。

这确实意味着您将有重复的数据，但它可能适合最终消费者，因为数据已经聚合，但没有数据丢失——就像GROUP BY的情况一样。

分区的 将结果集划分为多个分区。窗口函数分别应用于每个分区，并为每个分区重新启动计算。

在此链接找到:OVER子句

假设我们在表中有14条name列的记录

在小组由

select name,count(*) as totalcount from person where name='Please fill out' group BY name;

它将给出单行计数，即14

但是在除以

select row_number() over (partition by name) as total from person where name = 'Please fill out';

它将增加14行计数