使用postgresql 9.3我可以选择JSON数据类型的特定字段,但如何使用UPDATE修改它们?我在postgresql文档或网上任何地方都找不到这样的例子。我尝试了一些显而易见的方法:

postgres=# create table test (data json);
CREATE TABLE
postgres=# insert into test (data) values ('{"a":1,"b":2}');
INSERT 0 1
postgres=# select data->'a' from test where data->>'b' = '2';
 ?column?
----------
 1
(1 row)
postgres=# update test set data->'a' = to_json(5) where data->>'b' = '2';
ERROR:  syntax error at or near "->"
LINE 1: update test set data->'a' = to_json(5) where data->>'b' = '2...

当前回答

在@pozs回答的基础上,这里有两个可能对一些人有用的PostgreSQL函数。(需要PostgreSQL 9.3+)

按键删除:按键从JSON结构中删除一个值。

CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION "json_object_del_key"(
  "json"          json,
  "key_to_del"    TEXT
)
  RETURNS json
  LANGUAGE sql
  IMMUTABLE
  STRICT
AS $function$
SELECT CASE
  WHEN ("json" -> "key_to_del") IS NULL THEN "json"
  ELSE (SELECT concat('{', string_agg(to_json("key") || ':' || "value", ','), '}')
          FROM (SELECT *
                  FROM json_each("json")
                 WHERE "key" <> "key_to_del"
               ) AS "fields")::json
END
$function$;

按键递归删除:按键路径从JSON结构中删除一个值。(需要@pozs的json_object_set_key函数)

CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION "json_object_del_path"(
  "json"          json,
  "key_path"      TEXT[]
)
  RETURNS json
  LANGUAGE sql
  IMMUTABLE
  STRICT
AS $function$
SELECT CASE
  WHEN ("json" -> "key_path"[l] ) IS NULL THEN "json"
  ELSE
     CASE COALESCE(array_length("key_path", 1), 0)
         WHEN 0 THEN "json"
         WHEN 1 THEN "json_object_del_key"("json", "key_path"[l])
         ELSE "json_object_set_key"(
           "json",
           "key_path"[l],
           "json_object_del_path"(
             COALESCE(NULLIF(("json" -> "key_path"[l])::text, 'null'), '{}')::json,
             "key_path"[l+1:u]
           )
         )
       END
    END
  FROM array_lower("key_path", 1) l,
       array_upper("key_path", 1) u
$function$;

使用例子:

s1=# SELECT json_object_del_key ('{"hello":[7,3,1],"foo":{"mofu":"fuwa", "moe":"kyun"}}',
                                 'foo'),
            json_object_del_path('{"hello":[7,3,1],"foo":{"mofu":"fuwa", "moe":"kyun"}}',
                                 '{"foo","moe"}');

 json_object_del_key |          json_object_del_path
---------------------+-----------------------------------------
 {"hello":[7,3,1]}   | {"hello":[7,3,1],"foo":{"mofu":"fuwa"}}

其他回答

你也可以像这样在jsonb中原子地增加键:

UPDATE users SET counters = counters || CONCAT('{"bar":', COALESCE(counters->>'bar','0')::int + 1, '}')::jsonb WHERE id = 1;

SELECT * FROM users;

 id |    counters
----+------------
  1 | {"bar": 1}

>假设起始值为0。

更详细的解释,请看我的回答:https://stackoverflow.com/a/39076637

下面的plpython代码片段可能会派上用场。

CREATE EXTENSION IF NOT EXISTS plpythonu;
CREATE LANGUAGE plpythonu;

CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION json_update(data json, key text, value text)
 RETURNS json
 AS $$
    import json
    json_data = json.loads(data)
    json_data[key] = value
    return json.dumps(json_data, indent=4)
 $$ LANGUAGE plpythonu;

-- Check how JSON looks before updating

SELECT json_update(content::json, 'CFRDiagnosis.mod_nbs', '1')
FROM sc_server_centre_document WHERE record_id = 35 AND template = 'CFRDiagnosis';

-- Once satisfied update JSON inplace

UPDATE sc_server_centre_document SET content = json_update(content::json, 'CFRDiagnosis.mod_nbs', '1')
WHERE record_id = 35 AND template = 'CFRDiagnosis';

如果你想添加新的字段,你可以尝试:

typeorm代码

let keyName:string = '{key2}'
let valueName:string = '"new_value"'

emailLog: () => "jsonb_set(cast(email_log as jsonb), '" + keyNAme + "','" + valueName + "'," + "true" + ")"

在9.5中使用jsonb_set-

UPDATE objects
SET body = jsonb_set(body, '{name}', '"Mary"', true)
WHERE id = 1; 

其中body是jsonb列类型。

当我尝试更新字符串类型字段时,这对我有用。

UPDATE table_name 
SET body = jsonb_set(body, '{some_key}', to_json('value'::text)::jsonb);

希望它能帮助其他人!

假设表table_name有一个名为body的jsonb列,并且您想要更改body。Some_key = 'value'