对于连续变量/测量'table1'中的'col1'

select col1  
from
    (select top 50 percent col1, 
    ROW_NUMBER() OVER(ORDER BY col1 ASC) AS Rowa,
    ROW_NUMBER() OVER(ORDER BY col1 DESC) AS Rowd
    from table1 ) tmp
where tmp.Rowa = tmp.Rowd

这适用于SQL 2000:

DECLARE @testTable TABLE 
( 
    VALUE   INT
)
--INSERT INTO @testTable -- Even Test
--SELECT 3 UNION ALL
--SELECT 5 UNION ALL
--SELECT 7 UNION ALL
--SELECT 12 UNION ALL
--SELECT 13 UNION ALL
--SELECT 14 UNION ALL
--SELECT 21 UNION ALL
--SELECT 23 UNION ALL
--SELECT 23 UNION ALL
--SELECT 23 UNION ALL
--SELECT 23 UNION ALL
--SELECT 29 UNION ALL
--SELECT 40 UNION ALL
--SELECT 56

--
--INSERT INTO @testTable -- Odd Test
--SELECT 3 UNION ALL
--SELECT 5 UNION ALL
--SELECT 7 UNION ALL
--SELECT 12 UNION ALL
--SELECT 13 UNION ALL
--SELECT 14 UNION ALL
--SELECT 21 UNION ALL
--SELECT 23 UNION ALL
--SELECT 23 UNION ALL
--SELECT 23 UNION ALL
--SELECT 23 UNION ALL
--SELECT 29 UNION ALL
--SELECT 39 UNION ALL
--SELECT 40 UNION ALL
--SELECT 56


DECLARE @RowAsc TABLE
(
    ID      INT IDENTITY,
    Amount  INT
)

INSERT INTO @RowAsc
SELECT  VALUE 
FROM    @testTable 
ORDER BY VALUE ASC

SELECT  AVG(amount)
FROM @RowAsc ra
WHERE ra.id IN
(
    SELECT  ID 
    FROM    @RowAsc
    WHERE   ra.id -
    (
        SELECT  MAX(id) / 2.0 
        FROM    @RowAsc
    ) BETWEEN 0 AND 1

)

我只是在寻找一个基于集的中位数的解决方案时偶然发现了这一页。在研究了一些解决方案之后，我想到了以下几点。希望是有用的。

DECLARE @test TABLE(
    i int identity(1,1),
    id int,
    score float
)

INSERT INTO @test (id,score) VALUES (1,10)
INSERT INTO @test (id,score) VALUES (1,11)
INSERT INTO @test (id,score) VALUES (1,15)
INSERT INTO @test (id,score) VALUES (1,19)
INSERT INTO @test (id,score) VALUES (1,20)

INSERT INTO @test (id,score) VALUES (2,20)
INSERT INTO @test (id,score) VALUES (2,21)
INSERT INTO @test (id,score) VALUES (2,25)
INSERT INTO @test (id,score) VALUES (2,29)
INSERT INTO @test (id,score) VALUES (2,30)

INSERT INTO @test (id,score) VALUES (3,20)
INSERT INTO @test (id,score) VALUES (3,21)
INSERT INTO @test (id,score) VALUES (3,25)
INSERT INTO @test (id,score) VALUES (3,29)

DECLARE @counts TABLE(
    id int,
    cnt int
)

INSERT INTO @counts (
    id,
    cnt
)
SELECT
    id,
    COUNT(*)
FROM
    @test
GROUP BY
    id

SELECT
    drv.id,
    drv.start,
    AVG(t.score)
FROM
    (
        SELECT
            MIN(t.i)-1 AS start,
            t.id
        FROM
            @test t
        GROUP BY
            t.id
    ) drv
    INNER JOIN @test t ON drv.id = t.id
    INNER JOIN @counts c ON t.id = c.id
WHERE
    t.i = ((c.cnt+1)/2)+drv.start
    OR (
        t.i = (((c.cnt+1)%2) * ((c.cnt+2)/2))+drv.start
        AND ((c.cnt+1)%2) * ((c.cnt+2)/2) <> 0
    )
GROUP BY
    drv.id,
    drv.start

下面的查询从一列中的值列表返回中位数。它不能作为聚合函数使用，也不能与聚合函数一起使用，但仍然可以在内部select中使用带有WHERE子句的子查询。

SQL Server 2005+:

SELECT TOP 1 value from
(
    SELECT TOP 50 PERCENT value 
    FROM table_name 
    ORDER BY  value
)for_median
ORDER BY value DESC

使用一条语句——一种方法是使用ROW_NUMBER()， COUNT()窗口函数并过滤子查询。下面是薪资中位数:

 SELECT AVG(e_salary) 
 FROM                                                             
    (SELECT 
      ROW_NUMBER() OVER(ORDER BY e_salary) as row_no, 
      e_salary,
      (COUNT(*) OVER()+1)*0.5 AS row_half
     FROM Employee) t
 WHERE row_no IN (FLOOR(row_half),CEILING(row_half))

我在网上看到过类似的解决方案，使用地板和天花板，但尝试使用单一的语句。(编辑)

以下是我的解决方案:

with tempa as

 (

    select value,row_number() over (order by value) as Rn,/* Assigning a 
                                                           row_number */
           count(value) over () as Cnt /*Taking total count of the values */
    from numbers
    where value is not null /* Excluding the null values */
 ),

tempb as

  (

    /* Since we don't know whether the number of rows is odd or even, we shall 
     consider both the scenarios */

    select round(cnt/2) as Ref from tempa where mod(cnt,2)=1
    union all
    select round(cnt/2) a Ref from tempa where mod(cnt,2)=0
     union all
    select round(cnt/2) + 1 as Ref from tempa where mod(cnt,2)=0
   )
  select avg(value) as Median_Value

  from tempa where rn in

    ( select Ref from tempb);