我需要一些澄清。我一直在阅读关于REST和构建基于REST的应用程序的书籍。根据维基百科，REST本身被定义为具象状态传输。因此，我不理解所有这些无国籍的官样文章，每个人都在不停地吐出来。
从维基百科:
在任何特定的时间，客户端可以处于之间的转换
应用程序处于“静止”状态。处于休息状态的客户端可以
与用户交互，但不创建负载，也不消耗每个客户端
服务器集或网络上的存储。
他们只是说不要使用会话/应用程序级数据存储吗?
我知道REST的一个目标是使URI访问一致且可用，例如，不是在帖子中隐藏分页请求，而是使请求的页码成为get URI的一部分。对我来说很有道理。但是，说每个客户端数据(会话数据)都不应该存储在服务器端似乎有点过头了。
如果我有一个消息队列，而我的用户想要读取消息，但在读取消息时，又想在会话期间阻止某些发送者的消息通过，该怎么办?将其存储在服务器端的某个位置，并让服务器只发送未被用户阻止的消息(或消息ID)，这难道不合理吗?
每次请求新的消息列表时，我真的必须发送整个消息发送者列表来阻止吗?与我相关的消息列表在一开始就不应该是公开可用的资源。
我只是想理解一下。谁来澄清一下。
更新:
我发现了一个堆栈溢出的问题，它的答案并不能让我一直走到那里:
如何在REST中管理状态
这说明客户端状态很重要，应该在每个请求上都传输....Ugg . .看起来开销很大…这样对吗??
REST非常抽象。有一些好的、简单的、真实的例子是有帮助的。
以所有主要的社交媒体应用程序为例——Tumblr、Instagram、Facebook和Twitter。它们都有一个永远滚动的视图，你往下滚动得越远，你看到的内容就越多，时间也越来越久远。然而，我们都经历过这样的时刻，你失去了你滚动到的位置，应用程序将你重置回顶部。比如，如果你退出了应用程序，那么当你重新打开它时，你又回到了顶部。
原因是服务器没有存储您的会话状态。遗憾的是，您的滚动位置只是存储在客户端的RAM中。
幸运的是，重新连接时不必重新登录，但这只是因为客户端存储的登录证书还没有过期。删除并重新安装应用程序，你将不得不重新登录，因为服务器没有将你的IP地址与你的会话关联。
服务器上没有登录会话，因为它们遵循REST。
现在，上面的例子根本不涉及web浏览器，但在后端，应用程序通过HTTPS与它们的主机服务器通信。我的观点是REST不必涉及cookie和浏览器等。存储客户端会话状态的方法多种多样。
但是让我们来讨论一下web浏览器，因为它带来了REST的另一个主要优势，这里没有人谈论这个优势。
如果服务器试图存储会话状态，它应该如何识别每个单独的客户机?
它不能使用他们的IP地址，因为许多人可以在共享路由器上使用相同的地址。那怎么做呢?
它不能使用MAC地址的原因有很多，最重要的是你可以在不同的浏览器和应用程序上同时登录多个不同的Facebook账户。一个浏览器可以很容易地伪装成另一个浏览器，MAC地址也很容易被欺骗。
If the server has to store some client-side state to identify you, it has to store it in RAM longer than just the time it takes to process your requests, or else it has to cache that data. Servers have limited amounts of RAM and cache, not to mention processor speed. Server-side state adds to all three, exponentially. Plus if the server is going to store any state about your sessions then it has to store it separately for each browser and app you're currently logged in with, and also for each different device you use.
所以…我希望您现在明白为什么REST对于可伸缩性如此重要。
我希望您可以开始理解为什么服务器端会话状态之于服务器可伸缩性，就像焊接铁砧之于汽车加速。
人们感到困惑的地方是认为“状态”指的是存储在数据库中的信息。不，它指的是当您使用服务器RAM时需要存储在它中的任何信息。
在开发RESTful服务时，为了登录，您需要对用户进行身份验证。一种可能的选择是在每次执行用户操作时发送用户名和密码。在这种情况下，服务器将根本不存储会话数据。
Another option is to generate a session-id on the server and send it to the client, so the client will be able to send session-id to the server and authenticate with that. This is much much safer than sending username and password each time, since if somebody gets their hand on that data, then he/she can impersonate the user until the username and password is changed. You may say that even the session id can be stolen and the user will be impersonated in that case and you are right. However, in this case impersonating the user will only be possible while the session id is valid.
如果RESTful API需要用户名和密码才能更改用户名和密码，那么即使有人使用会话id冒充用户，黑客也无法锁定真正的用户。
会话id可以通过单向锁定(加密)某个标识用户的东西并将时间添加到会话id中来生成，这样就可以定义会话的过期时间。
The server may or may not store session ids. Of course, if the server stores the session id, then it would violate the criteria defined in the question. However, it is only important to make sure that the session id can be validated for the given user, which does not necessitate storing the session id. Imagine a way that you have a one-way-encryption of email, user id and some user-specific private data, like favorite color, this would be the first level and somehow adding the username date to the encrypted string and apply a two-way encryption. As a result when a session id is received, the second level could be decrypted to be able to determine which username the user claims to be and whether the session time is right. If this is valid, then the first level of encryption could be validated by doing that encryption again and checking whether it matches the string. You do not need to store session data in order to achieve that.
Stateless means the state of the service doesn’t persist between subsequent requests and response. Each request carries its own user credentials and is individually authenticated. But in stateful each request is known from any prior request. All stateful requests are session-oriented i.e. each request need to know and retain changes made in previous requests.
Banking application is an example of stateful application. Where user first login then make transaction and logs out. If after logout user will try to make the transaction, he will not be able to do so.
Yes, http protocol is essentially a stateless protocol but to make it stateful we make us of HTTP cookies. So, is SOAP by default. But it can be make stateful likewise, depends upon framework you are using.
HTTP is stateless but still we can maintain session in our java application by using different session tracking mechanism.
Yes, We can also maintain session in webservice whether it is REST or SOAP. It can be implemented by using any third party library or you can implement by our own.
摘自http://gopaldas.org/webservices/soap/webservice-is-stateful-or-stateless-rest-soap
