这里有一个例子，把文件“toSplit.txt”分成200行小文件“splited00.txt”，splited01.txt，…"splited25.txt"…

split -l 200——numeric-suffix——additional-suffix=".txt

看看split命令:

$ split --help
Usage: split [OPTION] [INPUT [PREFIX]]
Output fixed-size pieces of INPUT to PREFIXaa, PREFIXab, ...; default
size is 1000 lines, and default PREFIX is `x'.  With no INPUT, or when INPUT
is -, read standard input.

Mandatory arguments to long options are mandatory for short options too.
  -a, --suffix-length=N   use suffixes of length N (default 2)
  -b, --bytes=SIZE        put SIZE bytes per output file
  -C, --line-bytes=SIZE   put at most SIZE bytes of lines per output file
  -d, --numeric-suffixes  use numeric suffixes instead of alphabetic
  -l, --lines=NUMBER      put NUMBER lines per output file
      --verbose           print a diagnostic to standard error just
                            before each output file is opened
      --help     display this help and exit
      --version  output version information and exit

你可以这样做:

split -l 200000 filename

它将创建文件，每个文件有200000行，命名为xaa xab xac…

另一个选项，按输出文件的大小分割(仍然在换行符上分割):

 split -C 20m --numeric-suffixes input_filename output_prefix

创建类似output_prefix01 output_prefix02 output_prefix03…每个最大大小为20兆字节。

使用分割:

将文件分割为固定大小的片段，创建包含连续INPUT部分的输出文件(如果没有给定或INPUT为' -'则为标准输入)

语法split [options] [INPUT [PREFIX]]

使用split命令:

split -l 200000 mybigfile.txt

是的，有一个拆分命令。它将按行或字节分割文件。

$ split --help
Usage: split [OPTION]... [INPUT [PREFIX]]
Output fixed-size pieces of INPUT to PREFIXaa, PREFIXab, ...; default
size is 1000 lines, and default PREFIX is `x'.  With no INPUT, or when INPUT
is -, read standard input.

Mandatory arguments to long options are mandatory for short options too.
  -a, --suffix-length=N   use suffixes of length N (default 2)
  -b, --bytes=SIZE        put SIZE bytes per output file
  -C, --line-bytes=SIZE   put at most SIZE bytes of lines per output file
  -d, --numeric-suffixes  use numeric suffixes instead of alphabetic
  -l, --lines=NUMBER      put NUMBER lines per output file
      --verbose           print a diagnostic just before each
                            output file is opened
      --help     display this help and exit
      --version  output version information and exit

SIZE may have a multiplier suffix:
b 512, kB 1000, K 1024, MB 1000*1000, M 1024*1024,
GB 1000*1000*1000, G 1024*1024*1024, and so on for T, P, E, Z, Y.

split(来自GNU coreutils，从2010-12-22版本8.8开始)包含以下参数:

-n, --number=CHUNKS     generate CHUNKS output files; see explanation below

CHUNKS may be:
  N       split into N files based on size of input
  K/N     output Kth of N to stdout
  l/N     split into N files without splitting lines/records
  l/K/N   output Kth of N to stdout without splitting lines/records
  r/N     like 'l' but use round robin distribution
  r/K/N   likewise but only output Kth of N to stdout

因此，split -n 4输入输出。将生成四个具有相同字节数的文件(output.a{a,b,c,d})，但行可能在中间被打断。

如果我们想保留完整的行(即按行分割)，那么这应该是有效的:

split -n l/4 input output.

相关答案:https://stackoverflow.com/a/19031247