#!/bin/bash

IFS=$'\n' wordsArray=($(<$1))

numWords=${#wordsArray[@]}
sizeOfNumWords=${#numWords}

while [ True ]
do
    for ((i=0; i<$sizeOfNumWords; i++))
    do
        let ranNumArray[$i]=$(( ( $RANDOM % 10 )  + 1 ))-1
        ranNumStr="$ranNumStr${ranNumArray[$i]}"
    done
    if [ $ranNumStr -le $numWords ]
    then
        break
    fi
    ranNumStr=""
done

noLeadZeroStr=$((10#$ranNumStr))
echo ${wordsArray[$noLeadZeroStr]}

使用bash脚本:

#!/bin/bash
# replace with file to read
FILE=tmp.txt
# count number of lines
NUM=$(wc - l < ${FILE})
# generate random number in range 0-NUM
let X=${RANDOM} % ${NUM} + 1
# extract X-th line
sed -n ${X}p ${FILE}

另一种使用awk的方法

awk NR==$((${RANDOM} % `wc -l < file.name` + 1)) file.name

单个bash行:

sed -n $((1+$RANDOM%`wc -l test.txt | cut -f 1 -d ' '`))p test.txt

小问题:重复的文件名。

下面是一个简单的Python脚本，可以完成这项工作:

import random, sys
lines = open(sys.argv[1]).readlines()
print(lines[random.randrange(len(lines))])

用法:

python randline.py file_to_get_random_line_from

#!/bin/bash

IFS=$'\n' wordsArray=($(<$1))

numWords=${#wordsArray[@]}
sizeOfNumWords=${#numWords}

while [ True ]
do
    for ((i=0; i<$sizeOfNumWords; i++))
    do
        let ranNumArray[$i]=$(( ( $RANDOM % 10 )  + 1 ))-1
        ranNumStr="$ranNumStr${ranNumArray[$i]}"
    done
    if [ $ranNumStr -le $numWords ]
    then
        break
    fi
    ranNumStr=""
done

noLeadZeroStr=$((10#$ranNumStr))
echo ${wordsArray[$noLeadZeroStr]}