我有一个变量在我的代码说它是“状态”。
我想在应用程序中根据这个变量值显示一些文本。这必须在特定的时间延迟下完成。
这就像,
检查状态变量值 显示一些文本 等待10秒 检查状态变量值 显示一些文本 等待15秒
等等。时间延迟可能会有所不同，在文本显示时设置。
我试过Thread。睡眠(时间延迟)，它失败。还有更好的办法吗?
当前回答
基于上面关于ScheduledThreadPoolExecutor的帖子，我提出了一个适合我的需求的实用程序(想要每3秒触发一个方法):
class MyActivity {
private ScheduledThreadPoolExecutor mDialogDaemon;
private void initDebugButtons() {
Button btnSpawnDialogs = (Button)findViewById(R.id.btn_spawn_dialogs);
btnSpawnDialogs.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);
btnSpawnDialogs.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View view) {
spawnDialogs();
}
});
}
private void spawnDialogs() {
if (mDialogDaemon != null) {
mDialogDaemon.shutdown();
mDialogDaemon = null;
}
mDialogDaemon = new ScheduledThreadPoolExecutor(1);
// This process will execute immediately, then execute every 3 seconds.
mDialogDaemon.scheduleAtFixedRate(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
runOnUiThread(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
// Do something worthwhile
}
});
}
}, 0L, 3000L, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);
}
}
其他回答
使用kotlin和它的协程非常简单，首先在你的类中声明一个作业(最好是在你的viewModel中)，像这样:
private var repeatableJob: Job? = null
然后当你想要创建并启动它时，这样做:
repeatableJob = viewModelScope.launch {
while (isActive) {
delay(5_000)
loadAlbums(iImageAPI, titleHeader, true)
}
}
repeatableJob?.start()
如果你想结束它:
repeatableJob?.cancel()
PS: viewModelScope仅在视图模型中可用，你可以使用其他协程作用域，如withContext(Dispatchers.IO)
更多信息:点击这里
有3种方法:
使用ScheduledThreadPoolExecutor
有点多余，因为你不需要一个线程池
//----------------------SCHEDULER-------------------------
private final ScheduledThreadPoolExecutor executor_ =
new ScheduledThreadPoolExecutor(1);
ScheduledFuture<?> schedulerFuture;
public void startScheduler() {
schedulerFuture= executor_.scheduleWithFixedDelay(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
//DO YOUR THINGS
pageIndexSwitcher.setVisibility(View.GONE);
}
}, 0L, 5*MILLI_SEC, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);
}
public void stopScheduler() {
pageIndexSwitcher.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);
schedulerFuture.cancel(false);
startScheduler();
}
使用定时器任务
旧Android风格
//----------------------TIMER TASK-------------------------
private Timer carousalTimer;
private void startTimer() {
carousalTimer = new Timer(); // At this line a new Thread will be created
carousalTimer.scheduleAtFixedRate(new TimerTask() {
@Override
public void run() {
//DO YOUR THINGS
pageIndexSwitcher.setVisibility(INVISIBLE);
}
}, 0, 5 * MILLI_SEC); // delay
}
void stopTimer() {
carousalTimer.cancel();
}
使用Handler和Runnable
现代安卓风格
//----------------------HANDLER-------------------------
private Handler taskHandler = new android.os.Handler();
private Runnable repeatativeTaskRunnable = new Runnable() {
public void run() {
//DO YOUR THINGS
}
};
void startHandler() {
taskHandler.postDelayed(repeatativeTaskRunnable, 5 * MILLI_SEC);
}
void stopHandler() {
taskHandler.removeCallbacks(repeatativeTaskRunnable);
}
无泄漏的处理程序与活动/上下文
在Activity/Fragment类中声明一个不会泄漏内存的内部Handler类
/**
* Instances of static inner classes do not hold an implicit
* reference to their outer class.
*/
private static class NonLeakyHandler extends Handler {
private final WeakReference<FlashActivity> mActivity;
public NonLeakyHandler(FlashActivity activity) {
mActivity = new WeakReference<FlashActivity>(activity);
}
@Override
public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
FlashActivity activity = mActivity.get();
if (activity != null) {
// ...
}
}
}
声明一个runnable来执行Activity/Fragment类中的重复任务
private Runnable repeatativeTaskRunnable = new Runnable() {
public void run() {
new Handler(getMainLooper()).post(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
//DO YOUR THINGS
}
};
在你的Activity/Fragment中初始化Handler对象(这里FlashActivity是我的Activity类)
//Task Handler
private Handler taskHandler = new NonLeakyHandler(FlashActivity.this);
在固定的时间间隔后重复一项任务
taskHandler。postDelayed(repeatativeTaskRunnable, DELAY_MILLIS);
停止重复任务
taskHandler .removeCallbacks（repeatativeTaskRunnable ）;
更新:在Kotlin:
//update interval for widget
override val UPDATE_INTERVAL = 1000L
//Handler to repeat update
private val updateWidgetHandler = Handler()
//runnable to update widget
private var updateWidgetRunnable: Runnable = Runnable {
run {
//Update UI
updateWidget()
// Re-run it after the update interval
updateWidgetHandler.postDelayed(updateWidgetRunnable, UPDATE_INTERVAL)
}
}
// SATART updating in foreground
override fun onResume() {
super.onResume()
updateWidgetHandler.postDelayed(updateWidgetRunnable, UPDATE_INTERVAL)
}
// REMOVE callback if app in background
override fun onPause() {
super.onPause()
updateWidgetHandler.removeCallbacks(updateWidgetRunnable);
}
定时器是另一种方式来做你的工作，但一定要添加runOnUiThread，如果你正在使用UI。
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Calendar;
import java.util.Timer;
import java.util.TimerTask;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.CheckBox;
import android.widget.TextView;
import android.app.Activity;
public class MainActivity extends Activity {
CheckBox optSingleShot;
Button btnStart, btnCancel;
TextView textCounter;
Timer timer;
MyTimerTask myTimerTask;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
optSingleShot = (CheckBox)findViewById(R.id.singleshot);
btnStart = (Button)findViewById(R.id.start);
btnCancel = (Button)findViewById(R.id.cancel);
textCounter = (TextView)findViewById(R.id.counter);
btnStart.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener(){
@Override
public void onClick(View arg0) {
if(timer != null){
timer.cancel();
}
//re-schedule timer here
//otherwise, IllegalStateException of
//"TimerTask is scheduled already"
//will be thrown
timer = new Timer();
myTimerTask = new MyTimerTask();
if(optSingleShot.isChecked()){
//singleshot delay 1000 ms
timer.schedule(myTimerTask, 1000);
}else{
//delay 1000ms, repeat in 5000ms
timer.schedule(myTimerTask, 1000, 5000);
}
}});
btnCancel.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener(){
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
if (timer!=null){
timer.cancel();
timer = null;
}
}
});
}
class MyTimerTask extends TimerTask {
@Override
public void run() {
Calendar calendar = Calendar.getInstance();
SimpleDateFormat simpleDateFormat =
new SimpleDateFormat("dd:MMMM:yyyy HH:mm:ss a");
final String strDate = simpleDateFormat.format(calendar.getTime());
runOnUiThread(new Runnable(){
@Override
public void run() {
textCounter.setText(strDate);
}});
}
}
}
XML是…
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:paddingBottom="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
android:paddingLeft="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
android:paddingRight="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
android:paddingTop="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
android:orientation="vertical"
tools:context=".MainActivity" >
<TextView
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_gravity="center_horizontal"
android:autoLink="web"
android:text="http://android-er.blogspot.com/"
android:textStyle="bold" />
<CheckBox
android:id="@+id/singleshot"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="Single Shot"/>
另一种使用CountDownTimer的方法
new CountDownTimer(30000, 1000) {
public void onTick(long millisUntilFinished) {
mTextField.setText("seconds remaining: " + millisUntilFinished / 1000);
}
public void onFinish() {
mTextField.setText("done!");
}
}.start();
计划一个倒计时，直到将来的某个时间，并在此过程中定期通知。在文本框中显示30秒倒计时的例子:
有关详细信息,
基于上面关于ScheduledThreadPoolExecutor的帖子，我提出了一个适合我的需求的实用程序(想要每3秒触发一个方法):
class MyActivity {
private ScheduledThreadPoolExecutor mDialogDaemon;
private void initDebugButtons() {
Button btnSpawnDialogs = (Button)findViewById(R.id.btn_spawn_dialogs);
btnSpawnDialogs.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);
btnSpawnDialogs.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View view) {
spawnDialogs();
}
});
}
private void spawnDialogs() {
if (mDialogDaemon != null) {
mDialogDaemon.shutdown();
mDialogDaemon = null;
}
mDialogDaemon = new ScheduledThreadPoolExecutor(1);
// This process will execute immediately, then execute every 3 seconds.
mDialogDaemon.scheduleAtFixedRate(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
runOnUiThread(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
// Do something worthwhile
}
});
}
}, 0L, 3000L, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);
}
}
为此，您应该使用Handler的postDelayed函数。它将在主UI线程上以指定的延迟运行您的代码，因此您将能够更新UI控件。
private int mInterval = 5000; // 5 seconds by default, can be changed later
private Handler mHandler;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle bundle) {
// your code here
mHandler = new Handler();
startRepeatingTask();
}
@Override
public void onDestroy() {
super.onDestroy();
stopRepeatingTask();
}
Runnable mStatusChecker = new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
try {
updateStatus(); //this function can change value of mInterval.
} finally {
// 100% guarantee that this always happens, even if
// your update method throws an exception
mHandler.postDelayed(mStatusChecker, mInterval);
}
}
};
void startRepeatingTask() {
mStatusChecker.run();
}
void stopRepeatingTask() {
mHandler.removeCallbacks(mStatusChecker);
}
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