我有一个熊猫数据框架与一列:
import pandas as pd
df = pd.DataFrame({"teams": [["SF", "NYG"] for _ in range(7)]})
teams
0 [SF, NYG]
1 [SF, NYG]
2 [SF, NYG]
3 [SF, NYG]
4 [SF, NYG]
5 [SF, NYG]
6 [SF, NYG]
如何将这列列表分成两列?
预期的结果:
team1 team2
0 SF NYG
1 SF NYG
2 SF NYG
3 SF NYG
4 SF NYG
5 SF NYG
6 SF NYG
当前回答
这是另一个使用df的解。Transform和df.set_index:
>>> from operator import itemgetter
>>> df['teams'].transform({'item1': itemgetter(0), 'item2': itemgetter(1)})
team1 team2
0 SF NYG
1 SF NYG
2 SF NYG
3 SF NYG
4 SF NYG
5 SF NYG
6 SF NYG
当然可以概括为:
>>> indices = range(len(df['teams'][0]))
>>> df['teams'].transform({f'team{i+1}': itemgetter(i) for i in indices})
team1 team2
0 SF NYG
1 SF NYG
2 SF NYG
3 SF NYG
4 SF NYG
5 SF NYG
6 SF NYG
这种方法具有提取所需指标的额外好处:
>>> df
teams
0 [SF, NYG, XYZ, ABC]
1 [SF, NYG, XYZ, ABC]
2 [SF, NYG, XYZ, ABC]
3 [SF, NYG, XYZ, ABC]
4 [SF, NYG, XYZ, ABC]
5 [SF, NYG, XYZ, ABC]
6 [SF, NYG, XYZ, ABC]
>>> indices = [0, 2]
>>> df['teams'].transform({f'team{i+1}': itemgetter(i) for i in indices})
team1 team3
0 SF XYZ
1 SF XYZ
2 SF XYZ
3 SF XYZ
4 SF XYZ
5 SF XYZ
6 SF XYZ
其他回答
更简单的解决方案:
pd.DataFrame(df2["teams"].to_list(), columns=['team1', 'team2'])
产量,
team1 team2
-------------
0 SF NYG
1 SF NYG
2 SF NYG
3 SF NYG
4 SF NYG
5 SF NYG
6 SF NYG
7 SF NYG
如果你想拆分一列带分隔符的字符串而不是列表，你可以类似地做:
pd.DataFrame(df["teams"].str.split('<delim>', expand=True).values,
columns=['team1', 'team2'])
这个解决方案保留了df2 DataFrame的索引，不像任何使用tolist()的解决方案:
df3 = df2.teams.apply(pd.Series)
df3.columns = ['team1', 'team2']
结果如下:
team1 team2
0 SF NYG
1 SF NYG
2 SF NYG
3 SF NYG
4 SF NYG
5 SF NYG
6 SF NYG
这是另一个使用df的解。Transform和df.set_index:
>>> from operator import itemgetter
>>> df['teams'].transform({'item1': itemgetter(0), 'item2': itemgetter(1)})
team1 team2
0 SF NYG
1 SF NYG
2 SF NYG
3 SF NYG
4 SF NYG
5 SF NYG
6 SF NYG
当然可以概括为:
>>> indices = range(len(df['teams'][0]))
>>> df['teams'].transform({f'team{i+1}': itemgetter(i) for i in indices})
team1 team2
0 SF NYG
1 SF NYG
2 SF NYG
3 SF NYG
4 SF NYG
5 SF NYG
6 SF NYG
这种方法具有提取所需指标的额外好处:
>>> df
teams
0 [SF, NYG, XYZ, ABC]
1 [SF, NYG, XYZ, ABC]
2 [SF, NYG, XYZ, ABC]
3 [SF, NYG, XYZ, ABC]
4 [SF, NYG, XYZ, ABC]
5 [SF, NYG, XYZ, ABC]
6 [SF, NYG, XYZ, ABC]
>>> indices = [0, 2]
>>> df['teams'].transform({f'team{i+1}': itemgetter(i) for i in indices})
team1 team3
0 SF XYZ
1 SF XYZ
2 SF XYZ
3 SF XYZ
4 SF XYZ
5 SF XYZ
6 SF XYZ
我想推荐一种更有效的python方法。
首先定义DataFrame作为原始post:
df = pd.DataFrame({"teams": [["SF", "NYG"] for _ in range(7)]})
我的解决方案:
%%timeit
df['team1'], df['team2'] = zip(*list(df['teams'].values))
>> 761 µs ± 8.35 µs per loop
相比之下，获得最多好评的解决方案是:
%%timeit
df[['team1','team2']] = pd.DataFrame(df.teams.tolist(), index=df.index)
df = pd.DataFrame(df['teams'].to_list(), columns=['team1','team2'])
>> 1.31 ms ± 11.2 µs per loop
我的解决方案节省了40%的时间，而且时间短得多。您需要记住的唯一一件事是如何使用zip(*list)解压缩和重塑二维列表。
以前的解决方案并不适用于我，因为我在我的数据框架中有nan观察。在我的例子中，df2[['team1'，'team2']] = pd.DataFrame(df2.teams.values.tolist()， index= df2.index)产生:
object of type 'float' has no len()
我用一个列表理解来解决这个问题。下面是一个可复制的例子:
import pandas as pd
import numpy as np
d1 = {'teams': [['SF', 'NYG'],['SF', 'NYG'],['SF', 'NYG'],
['SF', 'NYG'],['SF', 'NYG'],['SF', 'NYG'],['SF', 'NYG']]}
df2 = pd.DataFrame(d1)
df2.loc[2,'teams'] = np.nan
df2.loc[4,'teams'] = np.nan
df2
输出:
teams
0 [SF, NYG]
1 [SF, NYG]
2 NaN
3 [SF, NYG]
4 NaN
5 [SF, NYG]
6 [SF, NYG]
df2['team1']=np.nan
df2['team2']=np.nan
用列表推导法求解，
for i in [0,1]:
df2['team{}'.format(str(i+1))]=[k[i] if isinstance(k,list) else k for k in df2['teams']]
df2
收益率:
teams team1 team2
0 [SF, NYG] SF NYG
1 [SF, NYG] SF NYG
2 NaN NaN NaN
3 [SF, NYG] SF NYG
4 NaN NaN NaN
5 [SF, NYG] SF NYG
6 [SF, NYG] SF NYG
