在Microsoft SQL Server中,我知道检查一个列是否存在默认约束并删除默认约束的查询是:

IF EXISTS(SELECT * FROM sysconstraints
  WHERE id=OBJECT_ID('SomeTable')
  AND COL_NAME(id,colid)='ColName'
  AND OBJECTPROPERTY(constid, 'IsDefaultCnst')=1)    
ALTER TABLE SomeTable DROP CONSTRAINT DF_SomeTable_ColName

但是由于以前版本的数据库的拼写错误,约束的名称可能是DF_SomeTable_ColName或DF_SmoeTable_ColName。

我如何删除默认约束没有任何SQL错误?默认的约束名称不会显示在INFORMATION_SCHEMA表中,这使得事情变得有点棘手。

因此,类似于'删除这个表/列中的默认约束',或'删除DF_SmoeTable_ColName',但如果它找不到它,不要给出任何错误。


当前回答

这里有一个简单的解决方案,只需替换your_table和column_name。

DECLARE @var0 nvarchar(128)
SELECT @var0 = name
FROM sys.default_constraints
WHERE parent_object_id = object_id(N'${default_schema}.your_table')
  AND col_name(parent_object_id, parent_column_id) = 'column_name';
IF @var0 IS NOT NULL
    EXECUTE ('ALTER TABLE ${default_schema}.your_table DROP CONSTRAINT [' + @var0 + ']');
GO

其他回答

这里有一个简单的解决方案,只需替换your_table和column_name。

DECLARE @var0 nvarchar(128)
SELECT @var0 = name
FROM sys.default_constraints
WHERE parent_object_id = object_id(N'${default_schema}.your_table')
  AND col_name(parent_object_id, parent_column_id) = 'column_name';
IF @var0 IS NOT NULL
    EXECUTE ('ALTER TABLE ${default_schema}.your_table DROP CONSTRAINT [' + @var0 + ']');
GO

下面的解决方案将从表中删除列的特定默认约束

Declare @Const NVARCHAR(256)

SET @Const = (
              SELECT TOP 1 'ALTER TABLE' + YOUR TABLE NAME +' DROP CONSTRAINT '+name
              FROM Sys.default_constraints A
              JOIN sysconstraints B on A.parent_object_id = B.id
              WHERE id = OBJECT_ID('YOUR TABLE NAME')
              AND COL_NAME(id, colid)='COLUMN NAME'
              AND OBJECTPROPERTY(constid,'IsDefaultCnst')=1
            )
 EXEC (@Const)

扩展Mitch Wheat的代码,下面的脚本将生成删除约束并动态执行它的命令。

declare @schema_name nvarchar(256)
declare @table_name nvarchar(256)
declare @col_name nvarchar(256)
declare @Command  nvarchar(1000)

set @schema_name = N'MySchema'
set @table_name = N'Department'
set @col_name = N'ModifiedDate'

select @Command = 'ALTER TABLE ' + @schema_name + '.[' + @table_name + '] DROP CONSTRAINT ' + d.name
 from sys.tables t
  join sys.default_constraints d on d.parent_object_id = t.object_id
  join sys.columns c on c.object_id = t.object_id and c.column_id = d.parent_column_id
 where t.name = @table_name
  and t.schema_id = schema_id(@schema_name)
  and c.name = @col_name

--print @Command

execute (@Command)

我有一些列创建了多个默认约束,所以我创建了以下存储过程:

CREATE PROCEDURE [dbo].[RemoveDefaultConstraints] @table_name nvarchar(256), @column_name nvarchar(256)
AS
BEGIN

    DECLARE @ObjectName NVARCHAR(100)

    START: --Start of loop
    SELECT 
        @ObjectName = OBJECT_NAME([default_object_id]) 
    FROM 
        SYS.COLUMNS
    WHERE 
        [object_id] = OBJECT_ID(@table_name) 
        AND [name] = @column_name;

    -- Don't drop the constraint unless it exists
    IF @ObjectName IS NOT NULL
    BEGIN
        EXEC ('ALTER TABLE '+@table_name+' DROP CONSTRAINT ' + @ObjectName)
        GOTO START; --Used to loop in case of multiple default constraints
    END
END
GO

-- How to run the stored proc.  This removes the default constraint(s) for the enabled column on the User table.
EXEC [dbo].[RemoveDefaultConstraints] N'[dbo].[User]', N'enabled'
GO

-- If you hate the proc, just get rid of it
DROP PROCEDURE [dbo].[RemoveDefaultConstraints]
GO

我发现这是有效的,没有使用连接:

DECLARE @ObjectName NVARCHAR(100)
SELECT @ObjectName = OBJECT_NAME([default_object_id]) FROM SYS.COLUMNS
WHERE [object_id] = OBJECT_ID('[tableSchema].[tableName]') AND [name] = 'columnName';
EXEC('ALTER TABLE [tableSchema].[tableName] DROP CONSTRAINT ' + @ObjectName)

只需确保columnName周围没有括号,因为查询正在寻找精确匹配,如果它是[columnName]则不会返回任何内容。