我有两个python模块:

a.py

import b

def hello():
  print "hello"

print "a.py"
print hello()
print b.hi()

b.py

import a

def hi():
  print "hi"

当我运行a.py时,我得到:

AttributeError: 'module' object has no attribute 'hi'

这个误差是什么意思?我该怎么解决呢?


当前回答

当我从git中签出一个旧版本的存储库时,我遇到了这个问题。Git替换了我的.py文件,但留下了未跟踪的.pyc文件。由于.py文件和.pyc文件不同步,.py文件中的导入命令无法在.pyc文件中找到相应的模块。

解决方案就是删除.pyc文件,并让它们自动重新生成。

其他回答

问题在于模块之间的循环依赖关系。a导入b, b导入a。但其中一个需要先加载——在这种情况下,python最终会在b之前初始化模块a,而当你试图在a中访问它时,b.hi()还不存在。

在某些情况下,可能只是文件保存在正确的目录中,但在虚拟环境中写入文件时,文件中写入的python还没有保存。因此,当python将a.py导入到b.py时,不会导入任何代码。在其他方面是空白的。这似乎是我经常看到的一个容易识别的错误。值得一查。 科迪

我曾多次遇到这个问题,但我并没有试图深入挖掘。现在我明白主要问题了。

这一次,我的问题是从不同的模块导入Serializers (django和restframework),如下所示:

from rest_framework import serializers

from common import serializers as srlz
from prices import models as mdlpri

# the line below was the problem 'srlzprod'
from products import serializers as srlzprod

我遇到了一个这样的问题:

from product import serializers as srlzprod
ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'product'

我想要完成的是:

class CampaignsProductsSerializers(srlz.DynamicFieldsModelSerializer):
    bank_name = serializers.CharField(trim_whitespace=True,)
    coupon_type = serializers.SerializerMethodField()
    promotion_description = serializers.SerializerMethodField()

    # the nested relation of the line below
    product = srlzprod.ProductsSerializers(fields=['id','name',],read_only=True,)

因此,正如上面提到的如何解决它(顶级导入),我继续做以下更改:

# change
product = srlzprod.ProductsSerializers(fields=['id','name',],read_only=True,)
# by 
product = serializers.SerializerMethodField()

# and create the following method and call from there the required serializer class
def get_product(self, obj):
        from products import serializers as srlzprod
        p_fields = ['id', 'name', ]
        return srlzprod.ProductsSerializers(
            obj.product, fields=p_fields, many=False,
        ).data

因此,django runserver的执行没有问题:

./project/settings/manage.py runserver 0:8002 --settings=settings_development_mlazo
Performing system checks...

System check identified no issues (0 silenced).
April 25, 2020 - 13:31:56
Django version 2.0.7, using settings 'settings_development_mlazo'
Starting development server at http://0:8002/
Quit the server with CONTROL-C.

代码行的最终状态如下:

from rest_framework import serializers

from common import serializers as srlz
from prices import models as mdlpri

class CampaignsProductsSerializers(srlz.DynamicFieldsModelSerializer):
    bank_name = serializers.CharField(trim_whitespace=True,)
    coupon_type = serializers.SerializerMethodField()
    promotion_description = serializers.SerializerMethodField()
    product = serializers.SerializerMethodField()

    class Meta:
        model = mdlpri.CampaignsProducts
        fields = '__all__'

    def get_product(self, obj):
        from products import serializers as srlzprod
        p_fields = ['id', 'name', ]
        return srlzprod.ProductsSerializers(
            obj.product, fields=p_fields, many=False,
        ).data

希望这能对其他人有所帮助。

问候,

我通过引用一个以错误方式导入的enum得到了这个错误,例如:

from package import MyEnumClass
# ...
# in some method:
return MyEnumClass.Member

正确的导入:

from package.MyEnumClass import MyEnumClass

希望这能帮助到别人

我也遇到过同样的问题。 使用重载修复。

import the_module_name
from importlib import reload
reload(the_module_name)