用Python打印XML的最佳方法(或各种方法)是什么?
当前回答
from lxml import etree
import xml.dom.minidom as mmd
xml_root = etree.parse(xml_fiel_path, etree.XMLParser())
def print_xml(xml_root):
plain_xml = etree.tostring(xml_root).decode('utf-8')
urgly_xml = ''.join(plain_xml .split())
good_xml = mmd.parseString(urgly_xml)
print(good_xml.toprettyxml(indent=' ',))
它的工作良好的xml与中国!
其他回答
下面是我解决难看的文本节点问题的解决方案。
uglyXml = doc.toprettyxml(indent=' ')
text_re = re.compile('>\n\s+([^<>\s].*?)\n\s+</', re.DOTALL)
prettyXml = text_re.sub('>\g<1></', uglyXml)
print prettyXml
上面的代码将产生:
<?xml version="1.0" ?>
<issues>
<issue>
<id>1</id>
<title>Add Visual Studio 2005 and 2008 solution files</title>
<details>We need Visual Studio 2005/2008 project files for Windows.</details>
</issue>
</issues>
而不是这样:
<?xml version="1.0" ?>
<issues>
<issue>
<id>
1
</id>
<title>
Add Visual Studio 2005 and 2008 solution files
</title>
<details>
We need Visual Studio 2005/2008 project files for Windows.
</details>
</issue>
</issues>
免责声明:可能有一些限制。
正如其他人指出的那样，lxml内置了一个漂亮的打印机。
请注意，在默认情况下，它会将CDATA部分更改为普通文本，这可能会产生糟糕的结果。
下面是一个Python函数，它保留输入文件，只改变缩进(注意strip_cdata=False)。此外，它确保输出使用UTF-8作为编码，而不是默认的ASCII(注意encoding=' UTF-8 '):
from lxml import etree
def prettyPrintXml(xmlFilePathToPrettyPrint):
assert xmlFilePathToPrettyPrint is not None
parser = etree.XMLParser(resolve_entities=False, strip_cdata=False)
document = etree.parse(xmlFilePathToPrettyPrint, parser)
document.write(xmlFilePathToPrettyPrint, pretty_print=True, encoding='utf-8')
使用示例:
prettyPrintXml('some_folder/some_file.xml')
import xml.dom.minidom
dom = xml.dom.minidom.parse(xml_fname) # or xml.dom.minidom.parseString(xml_string)
pretty_xml_as_string = dom.toprettyxml()
另一个解决方案是借用这个缩进函数，用于自2.5以来内置在Python中的ElementTree库。 下面是它的样子:
from xml.etree import ElementTree
def indent(elem, level=0):
i = "\n" + level*" "
j = "\n" + (level-1)*" "
if len(elem):
if not elem.text or not elem.text.strip():
elem.text = i + " "
if not elem.tail or not elem.tail.strip():
elem.tail = i
for subelem in elem:
indent(subelem, level+1)
if not elem.tail or not elem.tail.strip():
elem.tail = j
else:
if level and (not elem.tail or not elem.tail.strip()):
elem.tail = j
return elem
root = ElementTree.parse('/tmp/xmlfile').getroot()
indent(root)
ElementTree.dump(root)
使用etree。缩进和etree.tostring
import lxml.etree as etree
root = etree.fromstring('<html><head></head><body><h1>Welcome</h1></body></html>')
etree.indent(root, space=" ")
xml_string = etree.tostring(root, pretty_print=True).decode()
print(xml_string)
输出
<html>
<head/>
<body>
<h1>Welcome</h1>
</body>
</html>
删除名称空间和前缀
import lxml.etree as etree
def dump_xml(element):
for item in element.getiterator():
item.tag = etree.QName(item).localname
etree.cleanup_namespaces(element)
etree.indent(element, space=" ")
result = etree.tostring(element, pretty_print=True).decode()
return result
root = etree.fromstring('<cs:document xmlns:cs="http://blabla.com"><name>hello world</name></cs:document>')
xml_string = dump_xml(root)
print(xml_string)
输出
<document>
<name>hello world</name>
</document>
