如果您希望自动/定期清理退出的容器，并删除运行中的容器不使用的映像和卷，您可以下载映像meltwater/docker-cleanup。

运行:

docker run -d -v /var/run/docker.sock:/var/run/docker.sock:rw  -v /var/lib/docker:/var/lib/docker:rw --restart=unless-stopped meltwater/docker-cleanup:latest

默认每30分钟运行一次。但是，您可以使用该标志以秒为单位设置延迟时间(DELAY_TIME=1800选项)。

详情:https://github.com/meltwater/docker-cleanup/blob/master/README.md

这招对我很管用:

docker rmi $(docker images | grep "^<none>" | awk "{print $3}")

要删除超过一个月的旧标记图像:

$ docker images --no-trunc --format '{{.ID}} {{.CreatedSince}}' \
    | grep ' months' | awk '{ print $1 }' \
    | xargs --no-run-if-empty docker rmi

注意，它将无法删除容器使用的图像，在存储库中引用，有依赖的子图像…这可能是你想要的。否则只需添加-f标志。

/etc/cron.示例每日/ docker-gc脚本:

#!/bin/sh -e

# Delete all stopped containers (including data-only containers).
docker ps -a -q --no-trunc --filter "status=exited" | xargs --no-run-if-empty docker rm -v

# Delete all tagged images more than a month old
# (will fail to remove images still used).
docker images --no-trunc --format '{{.ID}} {{.CreatedSince}}' | grep ' months' | awk '{ print $1 }' | xargs --no-run-if-empty docker rmi || true

# Delete all 'untagged/dangling' (<none>) images
# Those are used for Docker caching mechanism.
docker images -q --no-trunc --filter dangling=true | xargs --no-run-if-empty docker rmi

# Delete all dangling volumes.
docker volume ls -qf dangling=true | xargs --no-run-if-empty docker volume rm

首先，运行docker images查看图像列表，并将IMAGE HASH ID复制到剪贴板中。

运行docker rmi -f <镜像>

记住选项-f是强制删除。

要删除没有容器运行的标记图像，你必须使用一个小脚本:

#!/bin/bash

# remove not running containers
docker rm $(docker ps -f "status=exited" -q)

declare -A used_images

# collect images which has running container
for image in $(docker ps | awk 'NR>1 {print $2;}'); do
    id=$(docker inspect --format="{{.Id}}" $image);
    used_images[$id]=$image;
done

# loop over images, delete those without a container
for id in $(docker images --no-trunc -q); do
    if [ -z ${used_images[$id]} ]; then
        echo "images is NOT in use: $id"
        docker rmi $id
    else
        echo "images is in use:     ${used_images[$id]}"
    fi
done

如果你自己构建这些修剪过的映像(从其他一些较旧的基础映像)，请谨慎使用上述基于docker image prune的可接受解决方案，因为该命令是生硬的，并将尝试删除最新映像所需的所有依赖关系(该命令可能应该重命名为docker image*s* prune)。

我为我的docker映像构建管道(其中有每日构建和标签=日期YYYYMMDD格式)提出的解决方案是:

# carefully narrow down the image to be deleted (to avoid removing useful static stuff like base images)
my_deleted_image=mirekphd/ml-cpu-py37-vsc-cust

# define the monitored image (tested for obsolescence), which will be usually the same as deleted one, unless deleting some very infrequently built image which requires a separate "clock"
monitored_image=mirekphd/ml-cache

# calculate the oldest acceptable tag (date)
date_week_ago=$(date -d "last week" '+%Y%m%d')

# get the IDs of obsolete tags of our deleted image
# note we use monitored_image to test for obsolescence
my_deleted_image_obsolete_tag_ids=$(docker images --filter="before=$monitored_image:$date_week_ago" | grep $my_deleted_image | awk '{print $3}')

# remove the obsolete tags of the deleted image
# (note it typically has to be forced using -f switch)
docker rmi -f $my_deleted_image_obsolete_tag_ids