你可以使用

os.listdir(path)

参考和更多的操作系统函数看这里:

Python 2文档:https://docs.python.org/2/library/os.html#os.listdir Python 3文档:https://docs.python.org/3/library/os.html#os.listdir

这是一种遍历目录树中每个文件和目录的方法:

import os

for dirname, dirnames, filenames in os.walk('.'):
    # print path to all subdirectories first.
    for subdirname in dirnames:
        print(os.path.join(dirname, subdirname))

    # print path to all filenames.
    for filename in filenames:
        print(os.path.join(dirname, filename))

    # Advanced usage:
    # editing the 'dirnames' list will stop os.walk() from recursing into there.
    if '.git' in dirnames:
        # don't go into any .git directories.
        dirnames.remove('.git')

#import modules
import os

_CURRENT_DIR = '.'


def rec_tree_traverse(curr_dir, indent):
    "recurcive function to traverse the directory"
    #print "[traverse_tree]"

    try :
        dfList = [os.path.join(curr_dir, f_or_d) for f_or_d in os.listdir(curr_dir)]
    except:
        print "wrong path name/directory name"
        return

    for file_or_dir in dfList:

        if os.path.isdir(file_or_dir):
            #print "dir  : ",
            print indent, file_or_dir,"\\"
            rec_tree_traverse(file_or_dir, indent*2)

        if os.path.isfile(file_or_dir):
            #print "file : ",
            print indent, file_or_dir

    #end if for loop
#end of traverse_tree()

def main():

    base_dir = _CURRENT_DIR

    rec_tree_traverse(base_dir," ")

    raw_input("enter any key to exit....")
#end of main()


if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()

试试这个:

import os
for top, dirs, files in os.walk('./'):
    for nm in files:       
        print os.path.join(top, nm)

对于当前工作目录中的文件，无需指定路径

Python 2.7:

import os
os.listdir('.')

Python 3. x:

import os
os.listdir()

下面的代码将列出目录和目录下的文件

def print_directory_contents(sPath):
        import os                                       
        for sChild in os.listdir(sPath):                
            sChildPath = os.path.join(sPath,sChild)
            if os.path.isdir(sChildPath):
                print_directory_contents(sChildPath)
            else:
                print(sChildPath)