将熊猫数据帧转换为NumPy数组

如何将熊猫数据帧转换为NumPy数组?

DataFrame:

import numpy as np
import pandas as pd

index = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7]
a = [np.nan, np.nan, np.nan, 0.1, 0.1, 0.1, 0.1]
b = [0.2, np.nan, 0.2, 0.2, 0.2, np.nan, np.nan]
c = [np.nan, 0.5, 0.5, np.nan, 0.5, 0.5, np.nan]
df = pd.DataFrame({'A': a, 'B': b, 'C': c}, index=index)
df = df.rename_axis('ID')

给了

label   A    B    C
ID                                 
1   NaN  0.2  NaN
2   NaN  NaN  0.5
3   NaN  0.2  0.5
4   0.1  0.2  NaN
5   0.1  0.2  0.5
6   0.1  NaN  0.5
7   0.1  NaN  NaN

我想把它转换成一个NumPy数组，像这样:

array([[ nan,  0.2,  nan],
       [ nan,  nan,  0.5],
       [ nan,  0.2,  0.5],
       [ 0.1,  0.2,  nan],
       [ 0.1,  0.2,  0.5],
       [ 0.1,  nan,  0.5],
       [ 0.1,  nan,  nan]])

另外，是否可以像这样保存dtype ?

array([[ 1, nan,  0.2,  nan],
       [ 2, nan,  nan,  0.5],
       [ 3, nan,  0.2,  0.5],
       [ 4, 0.1,  0.2,  nan],
       [ 5, 0.1,  0.2,  0.5],
       [ 6, 0.1,  nan,  0.5],
       [ 7, 0.1,  nan,  nan]],
     dtype=[('ID', '<i4'), ('A', '<f8'), ('B', '<f8'), ('B', '<f8')])

当前回答

一个简单的方法将数据帧转换为numpy数组:

import pandas as pd
df = pd.DataFrame({"A": [1, 2], "B": [3, 4]})
df_to_array = df.to_numpy()
array([[1, 3],
   [2, 4]])

为了保持一致性，建议使用to_numpy。

参考: https://pandas.pydata.org/pandas-docs/stable/reference/api/pandas.DataFrame.to_numpy.html

2019-11-21 05:13:25

其他回答

试试这个:

np.array(df) 

array([['ID', nan, nan, nan],
   ['1', nan, 0.2, nan],
   ['2', nan, nan, 0.5],
   ['3', nan, 0.2, 0.5],
   ['4', 0.1, 0.2, nan],
   ['5', 0.1, 0.2, 0.5],
   ['6', 0.1, nan, 0.5],
   ['7', 0.1, nan, nan]], dtype=object)

更多信息请访问:[https://docs.scipy.org/doc/numpy/reference/generated/numpy.array.html] 适用于numpy 1.16.5和pandas 0.25.2。

2019-12-30 19:46:00

刚刚从dataframe导出到arcgis表时遇到了类似的问题，并无意中发现了usgs (https://my.usgs.gov/confluence/display/cdi/pandas.DataFrame+to+ArcGIS+Table)的解决方案。简而言之，你的问题有一个类似的解决方案:

df

      A    B    C
ID               
1   NaN  0.2  NaN
2   NaN  NaN  0.5
3   NaN  0.2  0.5
4   0.1  0.2  NaN
5   0.1  0.2  0.5
6   0.1  NaN  0.5
7   0.1  NaN  NaN

np_data = np.array(np.rec.fromrecords(df.values))
np_names = df.dtypes.index.tolist()
np_data.dtype.names = tuple([name.encode('UTF8') for name in np_names])

np_data

array([( nan,  0.2,  nan), ( nan,  nan,  0.5), ( nan,  0.2,  0.5),
       ( 0.1,  0.2,  nan), ( 0.1,  0.2,  0.5), ( 0.1,  nan,  0.5),
       ( 0.1,  nan,  nan)], 
      dtype=(numpy.record, [('A', '<f8'), ('B', '<f8'), ('C', '<f8')]))

2017-11-10 14:41:55

除了meteore的答案，我还找到了密码

df.index = df.index.astype('i8')

对我没用。所以我把我的代码放在这里，以方便其他被这个问题困扰的人。

city_cluster_df = pd.read_csv(text_filepath, encoding='utf-8')
# the field 'city_en' is a string, when converted to Numpy array, it will be an object
city_cluster_arr = city_cluster_df[['city_en','lat','lon','cluster','cluster_filtered']].to_records()
descr=city_cluster_arr.dtype.descr
# change the field 'city_en' to string type (the index for 'city_en' here is 1 because before the field is the row index of dataframe)
descr[1]=(descr[1][0], "S20")
newArr=city_cluster_arr.astype(np.dtype(descr))

2016-03-13 15:16:01

DataFrame的一个更简单的例子:

df

         gbm       nnet        reg
0  12.097439  12.047437  12.100953
1  12.109811  12.070209  12.095288
2  11.720734  11.622139  11.740523
3  11.824557  11.926414  11.926527
4  11.800868  11.727730  11.729737
5  12.490984  12.502440  12.530894

USE:

np.array(df.to_records().view(type=np.matrix))

GET:

array([[(0, 12.097439  , 12.047437, 12.10095324),
        (1, 12.10981081, 12.070209, 12.09528824),
        (2, 11.72073428, 11.622139, 11.74052253),
        (3, 11.82455653, 11.926414, 11.92652727),
        (4, 11.80086775, 11.72773 , 11.72973699),
        (5, 12.49098389, 12.50244 , 12.53089367)]],
dtype=(numpy.record, [('index', '<i8'), ('gbm', '<f8'), ('nnet', '<f4'),
       ('reg', '<f8')]))

2018-07-13 16:21:15

我只需要链接DataFrame.reset_index()和DataFrame。values函数来获取数据帧的Numpy表示，包括索引:

In [8]: df
Out[8]: 
          A         B         C
0 -0.982726  0.150726  0.691625
1  0.617297 -0.471879  0.505547
2  0.417123 -1.356803 -1.013499
3 -0.166363 -0.957758  1.178659
4 -0.164103  0.074516 -0.674325
5 -0.340169 -0.293698  1.231791
6 -1.062825  0.556273  1.508058
7  0.959610  0.247539  0.091333

[8 rows x 3 columns]

In [9]: df.reset_index().values
Out[9]:
array([[ 0.        , -0.98272574,  0.150726  ,  0.69162512],
       [ 1.        ,  0.61729734, -0.47187926,  0.50554728],
       [ 2.        ,  0.4171228 , -1.35680324, -1.01349922],
       [ 3.        , -0.16636303, -0.95775849,  1.17865945],
       [ 4.        , -0.16410334,  0.0745164 , -0.67432474],
       [ 5.        , -0.34016865, -0.29369841,  1.23179064],
       [ 6.        , -1.06282542,  0.55627285,  1.50805754],
       [ 7.        ,  0.95961001,  0.24753911,  0.09133339]])

为了获得dtypes，我们需要使用view将ndarray转换为结构化数组:

In [10]: df.reset_index().values.ravel().view(dtype=[('index', int), ('A', float), ('B', float), ('C', float)])
Out[10]:
array([( 0, -0.98272574,  0.150726  ,  0.69162512),
       ( 1,  0.61729734, -0.47187926,  0.50554728),
       ( 2,  0.4171228 , -1.35680324, -1.01349922),
       ( 3, -0.16636303, -0.95775849,  1.17865945),
       ( 4, -0.16410334,  0.0745164 , -0.67432474),
       ( 5, -0.34016865, -0.29369841,  1.23179064),
       ( 6, -1.06282542,  0.55627285,  1.50805754),
       ( 7,  0.95961001,  0.24753911,  0.09133339),
       dtype=[('index', '<i8'), ('A', '<f8'), ('B', '<f8'), ('C', '<f8')])

2014-03-26 06:23:21

将熊猫数据帧转换为NumPy数组

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