这看起来是一个标准问题,但我在任何地方都找不到明确的方向。
我有java代码试图连接到一个可能自签名(或过期)证书的服务器。代码报告以下错误:
[HttpMethodDirector] I/O exception (javax.net.ssl.SSLHandshakeException) caught
when processing request: sun.security.validator.ValidatorException: PKIX path
building failed: sun.security.provider.certpath.SunCertPathBuilderException:
unable to find valid certification path to requested target
根据我的理解,我必须使用keytool并告诉java允许此连接是OK的。
解决此问题的所有说明都假设我完全熟练使用keytool,例如
为服务器生成私有密钥并将其导入密钥存储库
有人能给我详细说明吗?
我正在运行unix,所以bash脚本将是最好的。
不确定这是否重要,但在jboss中执行的代码。
信任所有SSL证书:—
如果希望在测试服务器上进行测试,可以绕过SSL。
但是不要将此代码用于生产。
public static class NukeSSLCerts {
protected static final String TAG = "NukeSSLCerts";
public static void nuke() {
try {
TrustManager[] trustAllCerts = new TrustManager[] {
new X509TrustManager() {
public X509Certificate[] getAcceptedIssuers() {
X509Certificate[] myTrustedAnchors = new X509Certificate[0];
return myTrustedAnchors;
}
@Override
public void checkClientTrusted(X509Certificate[] certs, String authType) {}
@Override
public void checkServerTrusted(X509Certificate[] certs, String authType) {}
}
};
SSLContext sc = SSLContext.getInstance("SSL");
sc.init(null, trustAllCerts, new SecureRandom());
HttpsURLConnection.setDefaultSSLSocketFactory(sc.getSocketFactory());
HttpsURLConnection.setDefaultHostnameVerifier(new HostnameVerifier() {
@Override
public boolean verify(String arg0, SSLSession arg1) {
return true;
}
});
} catch (Exception e) {
}
}
}
请在Activity或应用程序类的onCreate()函数中调用此函数。
NukeSSLCerts.nuke();
这可以用于Android的Volley。
这里基本上有两个选择:将自签名证书添加到JVM信任存储库或将客户端配置为
选项1
从浏览器导出证书,并将其导入JVM信任库(以建立信任链):
<JAVA_HOME>\bin\keytool -import -v -trustcacerts
-alias server-alias -file server.cer
-keystore cacerts.jks -keypass changeit
-storepass changeit
选项2
禁用证书验证(代码来自Example Depot):
// Create a trust manager that does not validate certificate chains
TrustManager[] trustAllCerts = new TrustManager[] {
new X509TrustManager() {
public java.security.cert.X509Certificate[] getAcceptedIssuers() {
return new X509Certificate[0];
}
public void checkClientTrusted(
java.security.cert.X509Certificate[] certs, String authType) {
}
public void checkServerTrusted(
java.security.cert.X509Certificate[] certs, String authType) {
}
}
};
// Install the all-trusting trust manager
try {
SSLContext sc = SSLContext.getInstance("SSL");
sc.init(null, trustAllCerts, new java.security.SecureRandom());
HttpsURLConnection.setDefaultSSLSocketFactory(sc.getSocketFactory());
} catch (GeneralSecurityException e) {
}
// Now you can access an https URL without having the certificate in the truststore
try {
URL url = new URL("https://hostname/index.html");
} catch (MalformedURLException e) {
}
请注意,我根本不推荐选项#2。禁用信任管理器会破坏SSL的某些部分,使您容易受到中间人攻击。首选选项#1,或者更好的是,让服务器使用由知名CA签名的“真实”证书。
在RHEL上,您可以从RHEL 6的新版本开始使用update-ca-trust,而不是像上面的注释所建议的那样使用keytool。您需要拥有pem格式的证书。然后
trust anchor <cert.pem>
编辑/etc/pki/ca-trust/source/cert.P11-kit,将“证书类别:other-entry”修改为“证书类别:authority”。(或使用sed在脚本中完成此操作。)然后做
update-ca-trust
几点注意事项:
I couldn't find "trust" on my RHEL 6 server and yum didn't offer to install it. I ended up using it on an RHEL 7 server and copying the .p11-kit file over.
To make this work for you, you may need to do update-ca-trust enable. This will replace /etc/pki/java/cacerts with a symbolic link pointing to /etc/pki/ca-trust/extracted/java/cacerts. (So you might want to back up the former first.)
If your java client uses cacerts stored in some other location, you'll want to manually replace it with a symlink to /etc/pki/ca-trust/extracted/java/cacerts, or replace it with that file.
受下面annser的启发,我找到了一种信任自签名CA并保持信任默认CA的方法。
File file = new File(System.getProperty("java.home"), "lib/security/cacerts");
KeyStore keyStore = KeyStore.getInstance(KeyStore.getDefaultType());
keyStore.load(new FileInputStream(file), "changeit".toCharArray());
InputStream resourceAsStream = getClass().getClassLoader().getResourceAsStream("testCer.cer");
Certificate certificate = CertificateFactory.getInstance("X.509").generateCertificate(resourceAsStream);
keyStore.setCertificateEntry("my-server-alias", certificate);
TrustManagerFactory trustManagerFactory = TrustManagerFactory.getInstance(TrustManagerFactory.getDefaultAlgorithm());
trustManagerFactory.init(keyStore);
SSLContext sslContext = SSLContexts.createDefault();
sslContext.init(null, trustManagerFactory.getTrustManagers(), null);
// check domain
// SSLConnectionSocketFactory socketFactory = new SSLConnectionSocketFactory(sslContext);
// not check domain
SSLConnectionSocketFactory socketFactory = new SSLConnectionSocketFactory(sslContext,
new String[]{"TLSv1","TLSv1.1","TLSv1.2","SSLv3"},null, NoopHostnameVerifier.INSTANCE);
CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.custom().setSSLSocketFactory(socketFactory).build();
factory.setHttpClient(httpClient);
RestTemplate restTemplate = new RestTemplate(factory);
有一个更好的替代信任所有证书的方法:创建一个TrustStore,它专门信任给定的证书,并使用它来创建一个SSLContext,从中获取SSLSocketFactory在HttpsURLConnection上进行设置。以下是完整的代码:
File crtFile = new File("server.crt");
Certificate certificate = CertificateFactory.getInstance("X.509").generateCertificate(new FileInputStream(crtFile));
// Or if the crt-file is packaged into a jar file:
// CertificateFactory.getInstance("X.509").generateCertificate(this.class.getClassLoader().getResourceAsStream("server.crt"));
KeyStore keyStore = KeyStore.getInstance(KeyStore.getDefaultType());
keyStore.load(null, null);
keyStore.setCertificateEntry("server", certificate);
TrustManagerFactory trustManagerFactory = TrustManagerFactory.getInstance(TrustManagerFactory.getDefaultAlgorithm());
trustManagerFactory.init(keyStore);
SSLContext sslContext = SSLContext.getInstance("TLS");
sslContext.init(null, trustManagerFactory.getTrustManagers(), null);
HttpsURLConnection connection = (HttpsURLConnection) new URL(url).openConnection();
connection.setSSLSocketFactory(sslContext.getSocketFactory());
您也可以直接从文件加载KeyStore,或者从任何受信任的来源检索X.509证书。
注意,对于这段代码,将不使用cacerts中的证书。这个特定的HttpsURLConnection将只信任这个特定的证书。