您需要手动创建并填充一个IOptions<SampleOptions>对象。你可以通过Microsoft.Extensions.Options.Options帮助类来实现。例如:

IOptions<SampleOptions> someOptions = Options.Create<SampleOptions>(new SampleOptions());

你可以将其简化为:

var someOptions = Options.Create(new SampleOptions());

显然这不是很有用。您需要实际创建和填充一个SampleOptions对象，并将其传递给create方法。

如果你打算使用@TSeng在评论中指出的mock框架，你需要在你的项目中添加以下依赖项。json文件。

   "Moq": "4.6.38-alpha",

一旦恢复了依赖关系，使用MOQ框架就像创建SampleOptions类的实例一样简单，然后将其分配给Value。

下面是一个代码概要。

SampleOptions app = new SampleOptions(){Title="New Website Title Mocked"}; // Sample property
// Make sure you include using Moq;
var mock = new Mock<IOptions<SampleOptions>>();
// We need to set the Value of IOptions to be the SampleOptions Class
mock.Setup(ap => ap.Value).Returns(app);

模拟设置完成后，现在可以将模拟对象传递给构造函数as

SampleRepo sr = new SampleRepo(mock.Object);   

HTH。

仅供参考，我在Github/patvin80上有一个git存储库，概述了这2种方法

你完全可以避免使用最小起订量。 在测试中使用.json配置文件。一个文件用于多个测试类文件。在本例中使用ConfigurationBuilder就可以了。

appsetting.json的示例

{
    "someService" {
        "someProp": "someValue
    }
}

设置映射类示例:

public class SomeServiceConfiguration
{
     public string SomeProp { get; set; }
}

需要测试的服务示例:

public class SomeService
{
    public SomeService(IOptions<SomeServiceConfiguration> config)
    {
        _config = config ?? throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(_config));
    }
}

NUnit测试类:

[TestFixture]
public class SomeServiceTests
{

    private IOptions<SomeServiceConfiguration> _config;
    private SomeService _service;

    [OneTimeSetUp]
    public void GlobalPrepare()
    {
         var configuration = new ConfigurationBuilder()
            .SetBasePath(Directory.GetCurrentDirectory())
            .AddJsonFile("appsettings.json", false)
            .Build();

        _config = Options.Create(configuration.GetSection("someService").Get<SomeServiceConfiguration>());
    }

    [SetUp]
    public void PerTestPrepare()
    {
        _service = new SomeService(_config);
    }
}

对于我的系统和集成测试，我更喜欢在测试项目中有配置文件的副本/链接。然后我使用ConfigurationBuilder来获取选项。

using System.Linq;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Configuration;
using Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection;

namespace SomeProject.Test
{
public static class TestEnvironment
{
    private static object configLock = new object();

    public static ServiceProvider ServiceProvider { get; private set; }
    public static T GetOption<T>()
    {
        lock (configLock)
        {
            if (ServiceProvider != null) return (T)ServiceProvider.GetServices(typeof(T)).First();

            var builder = new ConfigurationBuilder()
                .AddJsonFile("config/appsettings.json", optional: false, reloadOnChange: true)
                .AddEnvironmentVariables();
            var configuration = builder.Build();
            var services = new ServiceCollection();
            services.AddOptions();

            services.Configure<ProductOptions>(configuration.GetSection("Products"));
            services.Configure<MonitoringOptions>(configuration.GetSection("Monitoring"));
            services.Configure<WcfServiceOptions>(configuration.GetSection("Services"));
            ServiceProvider = services.BuildServiceProvider();
            return (T)ServiceProvider.GetServices(typeof(T)).First();
        }
    }
}
}

这样我就可以在TestProject中的任何地方使用配置。对于单元测试，我更喜欢使用像patvin80所描述的MOQ。

下面是另一种不需要Mock的简单方法，而是使用OptionsWrapper:

var myAppSettingsOptions = new MyAppSettingsOptions();
appSettingsOptions.MyObjects = new MyObject[]{new MyObject(){MyProp1 = "one", MyProp2 = "two", }};
var optionsWrapper = new OptionsWrapper<MyAppSettingsOptions>(myAppSettingsOptions );
var myClassToTest = new MyClassToTest(optionsWrapper);

同意Aleha使用testSettings。Json配置文件可能更好。

然后，不是注入IOption<SampleOptions>，你可以简单地在你的类构造函数中注入真正的SampleOptions，当单元测试类时，你可以在一个fixture中或在测试类构造函数中执行以下操作:

var builder = new ConfigurationBuilder()
    .AddJsonFile("testSettings.json", true, true)
    .AddEnvironmentVariables();

var configurationRoot = builder.Build();
configurationRoot.GetSection("SampleRepo").Bind(_sampleRepo);

给定类Person依赖于PersonSettings，如下所示:

public class PersonSettings
{
    public string Name;
}

public class Person
{
    PersonSettings _settings;

    public Person(IOptions<PersonSettings> settings)
    {
        _settings = settings.Value;
    }

    public string Name => _settings.Name;
}

IOptions<PersonSettings>可以被模拟，Person可以被测试如下:

[TestFixture]
public class Test
{
    ServiceProvider _provider;

    [OneTimeSetUp]
    public void Setup()
    {
        var services = new ServiceCollection();
        // mock PersonSettings
        services.AddTransient<IOptions<PersonSettings>>(
            provider => Options.Create<PersonSettings>(new PersonSettings
            {
                Name = "Matt"
            }));
        _provider = services.BuildServiceProvider();
    }

    [Test]
    public void TestName()
    {
        IOptions<PersonSettings> options = _provider.GetService<IOptions<PersonSettings>>();
        Assert.IsNotNull(options, "options could not be created");

        Person person = new Person(options);
        Assert.IsTrue(person.Name == "Matt", "person is not Matt");    
    }
}

要将IOptions<PersonSettings>注入到Person中，而不是显式地传递给ctor，使用以下代码:

[TestFixture]
public class Test
{
    ServiceProvider _provider;

    [OneTimeSetUp]
    public void Setup()
    {
        var services = new ServiceCollection();
        services.AddTransient<IOptions<PersonSettings>>(
            provider => Options.Create<PersonSettings>(new PersonSettings
            {
                Name = "Matt"
            }));
        services.AddTransient<Person>();
        _provider = services.BuildServiceProvider();
    }

    [Test]
    public void TestName()
    {
        Person person = _provider.GetService<Person>();
        Assert.IsNotNull(person, "person could not be created");

        Assert.IsTrue(person.Name == "Matt", "person is not Matt");
    }
}

你总是可以通过options . create()创建你的选项，然后在实际创建你正在测试的存储库的模拟实例之前简单地使用AutoMocker.Use(options)。使用AutoMocker.CreateInstance<>()可以更容易地创建实例，而无需手动传递参数

我改变了你的SampleRepo一点，为了能够重现我认为你想要实现的行为。

public class SampleRepoTests
{
    private readonly AutoMocker _mocker = new AutoMocker();
    private readonly ISampleRepo _sampleRepo;

    private readonly IOptions<SampleOptions> _options = Options.Create(new SampleOptions()
        {FirstSetting = "firstSetting"});

    public SampleRepoTests()
    {
        _mocker.Use(_options);
        _sampleRepo = _mocker.CreateInstance<SampleRepo>();
    }

    [Fact]
    public void Test_Options_Injected()
    {
        var firstSetting = _sampleRepo.GetFirstSetting();
        Assert.True(firstSetting == "firstSetting");
    }
}

public class SampleRepo : ISampleRepo
{
    private SampleOptions _options;

    public SampleRepo(IOptions<SampleOptions> options)
    {
        _options = options.Value;
    }

    public string GetFirstSetting()
    {
        return _options.FirstSetting;
    }
}

public interface ISampleRepo
{
    string GetFirstSetting();
}

public class SampleOptions
{
    public string FirstSetting { get; set; }
}

使用Microsoft.Extensions.Options.Options类:

var someOptions= Options.Create(new SampleOptions(){Field1="Value1",Field2="Value2"});

OR

var someOptions= Options.Create(new SampleOptions{Field1="Value1",Field2="Value2"});

first add "appsettings.json" file in the root unitTestProject then use this code: private readonly Mock _fileRepMock; private IOptions _options; public FileServiceTest() { _fileRepMock = new Mock(); var config = new ConfigurationBuilder() .AddJsonFile("appsettings.json") .AddEnvironmentVariables() .Build(); _options = Options.Create(config.GetSection("File").Get()); } now you can use _options in the mock repository FileService fileService = new FileService(_fileRepMock.Object, _options);