在objective-c/cocoa中抛出异常的最佳方法是什么?
当前回答
@throw([NSException exceptionWithName:…
- (void)parseError:(NSError *)error
completionBlock:(void (^)(NSString *error))completionBlock {
NSString *resultString = [NSString new];
@try {
NSData *errorData = [NSData dataWithData:error.userInfo[@"SomeKeyForData"]];
if(!errorData.bytes) {
@throw([NSException exceptionWithName:@"<Set Yours exc. name: > Test Exc" reason:@"<Describe reason: > Doesn't contain data" userInfo:nil]);
}
NSDictionary *dictFromData = [NSJSONSerialization JSONObjectWithData:errorData
options:NSJSONReadingAllowFragments
error:&error];
resultString = dictFromData[@"someKey"];
...
} @catch (NSException *exception) {
NSLog( @"Caught Exception Name: %@", exception.name);
NSLog( @"Caught Exception Reason: %@", exception.reason );
resultString = exception.reason;
} @finally {
completionBlock(resultString);
}
}
使用:
[self parseError:error completionBlock:^(NSString *error) {
NSLog(@"%@", error);
}];
另一个更高级的用例:
- (void)parseError:(NSError *)error completionBlock:(void (^)(NSString *error))completionBlock {
NSString *resultString = [NSString new];
NSException* customNilException = [NSException exceptionWithName:@"NilException"
reason:@"object is nil"
userInfo:nil];
NSException* customNotNumberException = [NSException exceptionWithName:@"NotNumberException"
reason:@"object is not a NSNumber"
userInfo:nil];
@try {
NSData *errorData = [NSData dataWithData:error.userInfo[@"SomeKeyForData"]];
if(!errorData.bytes) {
@throw([NSException exceptionWithName:@"<Set Yours exc. name: > Test Exc" reason:@"<Describe reason: > Doesn't contain data" userInfo:nil]);
}
NSDictionary *dictFromData = [NSJSONSerialization JSONObjectWithData:errorData
options:NSJSONReadingAllowFragments
error:&error];
NSArray * array = dictFromData[@"someArrayKey"];
for (NSInteger i=0; i < array.count; i++) {
id resultString = array[i];
if (![resultString isKindOfClass:NSNumber.class]) {
[customNotNumberException raise]; // <====== HERE is just the same as: @throw customNotNumberException;
break;
} else if (!resultString){
@throw customNilException; // <======
break;
}
}
} @catch (SomeCustomException * sce) {
// most specific type
// handle exception ce
//...
} @catch (CustomException * ce) {
// most specific type
// handle exception ce
//...
} @catch (NSException *exception) {
// less specific type
// do whatever recovery is necessary at his level
//...
// rethrow the exception so it's handled at a higher level
@throw (SomeCustomException * customException);
} @finally {
// perform tasks necessary whether exception occurred or not
}
}
其他回答
Regarding [NSException raise:format:]. For those coming from a Java background, you will recall that Java distinguishes between Exception and RuntimeException. Exception is a checked exception, and RuntimeException is unchecked. In particular, Java suggests using checked exceptions for "normal error conditions" and unchecked exceptions for "runtime errors caused by a programmer error." It seems that Objective-C exceptions should be used in the same places you would use an unchecked exception, and error code return values or NSError values are preferred in places where you would use a checked exception.
自从ObjC 2.0以来，Objective-C异常不再是C的setjmp() longjmp()的包装器，并且与c++异常兼容，@try是“免费的”，但抛出和捕获异常的代价要高得多。
无论如何，断言(使用NSAssert和NSCAssert宏家族)抛出NSException，这是明智的使用它们作为Ries状态。
我使用[NSException raise:format:]如下所示:
[NSException raise:@"Invalid foo value" format:@"foo of %d is invalid", foo];@throw([NSException exceptionWith…])
Xcode将@throw语句识别为函数出口点，就像return语句一样。使用@throw语法可以避免错误的“Control may reach end of non-void function”警告，你可能会从[NSException raise:…]得到这种警告。
同样，@throw也可以用来抛出不属于NSException类的对象。
@throw([NSException exceptionWithName:…
- (void)parseError:(NSError *)error
completionBlock:(void (^)(NSString *error))completionBlock {
NSString *resultString = [NSString new];
@try {
NSData *errorData = [NSData dataWithData:error.userInfo[@"SomeKeyForData"]];
if(!errorData.bytes) {
@throw([NSException exceptionWithName:@"<Set Yours exc. name: > Test Exc" reason:@"<Describe reason: > Doesn't contain data" userInfo:nil]);
}
NSDictionary *dictFromData = [NSJSONSerialization JSONObjectWithData:errorData
options:NSJSONReadingAllowFragments
error:&error];
resultString = dictFromData[@"someKey"];
...
} @catch (NSException *exception) {
NSLog( @"Caught Exception Name: %@", exception.name);
NSLog( @"Caught Exception Reason: %@", exception.reason );
resultString = exception.reason;
} @finally {
completionBlock(resultString);
}
}
使用:
[self parseError:error completionBlock:^(NSString *error) {
NSLog(@"%@", error);
}];
另一个更高级的用例:
- (void)parseError:(NSError *)error completionBlock:(void (^)(NSString *error))completionBlock {
NSString *resultString = [NSString new];
NSException* customNilException = [NSException exceptionWithName:@"NilException"
reason:@"object is nil"
userInfo:nil];
NSException* customNotNumberException = [NSException exceptionWithName:@"NotNumberException"
reason:@"object is not a NSNumber"
userInfo:nil];
@try {
NSData *errorData = [NSData dataWithData:error.userInfo[@"SomeKeyForData"]];
if(!errorData.bytes) {
@throw([NSException exceptionWithName:@"<Set Yours exc. name: > Test Exc" reason:@"<Describe reason: > Doesn't contain data" userInfo:nil]);
}
NSDictionary *dictFromData = [NSJSONSerialization JSONObjectWithData:errorData
options:NSJSONReadingAllowFragments
error:&error];
NSArray * array = dictFromData[@"someArrayKey"];
for (NSInteger i=0; i < array.count; i++) {
id resultString = array[i];
if (![resultString isKindOfClass:NSNumber.class]) {
[customNotNumberException raise]; // <====== HERE is just the same as: @throw customNotNumberException;
break;
} else if (!resultString){
@throw customNilException; // <======
break;
}
}
} @catch (SomeCustomException * sce) {
// most specific type
// handle exception ce
//...
} @catch (CustomException * ce) {
// most specific type
// handle exception ce
//...
} @catch (NSException *exception) {
// less specific type
// do whatever recovery is necessary at his level
//...
// rethrow the exception so it's handled at a higher level
@throw (SomeCustomException * customException);
} @finally {
// perform tasks necessary whether exception occurred or not
}
}
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