@sebarmeli的方法在我看来是最好的，但是如果你只想在一个会话的生命周期内保存数据，那么sessionStorage可能是一个更好的选择:

这是一个维护存储区域的全局对象(sessionStorage) 在页面会话期间可用。页面会话 只要浏览器打开，就会持续，并在页面上存活 重新加载和恢复。在新选项卡或窗口中打开一个页面会导致 要启动的新会话。

sessionStorage MDN:

来自W3C草案:

只有出于安全原因或用户请求时，用户代理才应该使本地存储区域的数据过期。用户代理应始终避免在可能访问该数据的脚本运行时删除数据。

你会想要使用setItem(键，值)对你的时间表进行更新;这将使用新数据添加或更新给定的键。

// Functions
function removeHtmlStorage(name) {
    localStorage.removeItem(name);
    localStorage.removeItem(name+'_time');
}

function setHtmlStorage(name, value, expires) {

    if (expires==undefined || expires=='null') { var expires = 3600; } // default: 1h

    var date = new Date();
    var schedule = Math.round((date.setSeconds(date.getSeconds()+expires))/1000);

    localStorage.setItem(name, value);
    localStorage.setItem(name+'_time', schedule);
}

function statusHtmlStorage(name) {

    var date = new Date();
    var current = Math.round(+date/1000);

    // Get Schedule
    var stored_time = localStorage.getItem(name+'_time');
    if (stored_time==undefined || stored_time=='null') { var stored_time = 0; }

    // Expired
    if (stored_time < current) {

        // Remove
        removeHtmlStorage(name);

        return 0;

    } else {

        return 1;
    }
}

// Status
var cache_status = statusHtmlStorage('cache_name');

// Has Data
if (cache_status == 1) {

    // Get Cache
    var data = localStorage.getItem('cache_name');
    alert(data);

// Expired or Empty Cache
} else {

    // Get Data
    var data = 'Pay in cash :)';
    alert(data);

    // Set Cache (30 seconds)
    if (cache) { setHtmlStorage('cache_name', data, 30); }

}

Javascript localStorage没有任何设置过期时间的选项

然后我使用这些函数来检查支持，设置和获取

function ls_support(){
    return "localStorage" in window&&window["localStorage"]!==null;
}

function lsset(key,val,exp){
    if(ls_support()){
        if(!exp) exp=600;// = 10 minutes Default
        localStorage[key]=
            JSON.stringify({
                "val":val,
                "exp":~~((new Date()).getTime()/1000)+exp
            });
    }
}

function lsget(key){
    if(ls_support()){
        str=localStorage[key];
        if("undefined"!=typeof(str)&&str.length){
            try{// is json or not
                json=JSON.parse(str);
            }catch(e){// if variable not set via lsset func
                //json.exp=false;// will return null
                return str;// will return original variable
            }
            if(json.exp){// variable setted via lsset func
                if(~~((new Date()).getTime()/1000)>json.exp){// expired
                    delete localStorage[key];
                }else{
                    return json.val;
                }
            }
        }
    }
    return null;
}

这似乎很有效:

Brynner Ferreira提出了一个很好的观点:在过期信息所在的地方存储一个兄弟密钥。这样，如果你有大量的键，或者你的值是大型Json对象，你不需要解析它们来访问时间戳。

以下是一个改进版本:

 /*  removeStorage: removes a key from localStorage and its sibling expiracy key
    params:
        key <string>     : localStorage key to remove
    returns:
        <boolean> : telling if operation succeeded
 */
 function removeStorage(name) {
    try {
        localStorage.removeItem(name);
        localStorage.removeItem(name + '_expiresIn');
    } catch(e) {
        console.log('removeStorage: Error removing key ['+ key + '] from localStorage: ' + JSON.stringify(e) );
        return false;
    }
    return true;
}
/*  getStorage: retrieves a key from localStorage previously set with setStorage().
    params:
        key <string> : localStorage key
    returns:
        <string> : value of localStorage key
        null : in case of expired key or failure
 */
function getStorage(key) {

    var now = Date.now();  //epoch time, lets deal only with integer
    // set expiration for storage
    var expiresIn = localStorage.getItem(key+'_expiresIn');
    if (expiresIn===undefined || expiresIn===null) { expiresIn = 0; }

    if (expiresIn < now) {// Expired
        removeStorage(key);
        return null;
    } else {
        try {
            var value = localStorage.getItem(key);
            return value;
        } catch(e) {
            console.log('getStorage: Error reading key ['+ key + '] from localStorage: ' + JSON.stringify(e) );
            return null;
        }
    }
}
/*  setStorage: writes a key into localStorage setting a expire time
    params:
        key <string>     : localStorage key
        value <string>   : localStorage value
        expires <number> : number of seconds from now to expire the key
    returns:
        <boolean> : telling if operation succeeded
 */
function setStorage(key, value, expires) {

    if (expires===undefined || expires===null) {
        expires = (24*60*60);  // default: seconds for 1 day
    } else {
        expires = Math.abs(expires); //make sure it's positive
    }

    var now = Date.now();  //millisecs since epoch time, lets deal only with integer
    var schedule = now + expires*1000; 
    try {
        localStorage.setItem(key, value);
        localStorage.setItem(key + '_expiresIn', schedule);
    } catch(e) {
        console.log('setStorage: Error setting key ['+ key + '] in localStorage: ' + JSON.stringify(e) );
        return false;
    }
    return true;
}

生命周期由应用程序/用户控制。

从标准来看:

只有出于安全原因或用户请求时，用户代理才应该使本地存储区域的数据过期。用户代理应始终避免在可能访问该数据的脚本运行时删除数据。