Oracle:如果表存在

我正在为Oracle数据库写一些迁移脚本，并希望Oracle有类似于MySQL的IF EXISTS构造的东西。

具体来说，每当我想在MySQL中删除一个表时，我就会做这样的事情

DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `table_name`;

这样，如果表不存在，DROP也不会产生错误，脚本可以继续。

Oracle有类似的机制吗?我意识到我可以使用下面的查询来检查表是否存在

SELECT * FROM dba_tables where table_name = 'table_name';

但是把它和DROP绑定在一起的语法让我很困惑。

当前回答

最好和最有效的方法是捕获“table not found”异常:这避免了检查表是否存在两次的开销;并且不会遇到DROP因为其他原因(可能很重要)失败时仍然会向调用者抛出异常的问题:

BEGIN
   EXECUTE IMMEDIATE 'DROP TABLE ' || table_name;
EXCEPTION
   WHEN OTHERS THEN
      IF SQLCODE != -942 THEN
         RAISE;
      END IF;
END;

齿顶高作为参考，下面是其他对象类型的等效块:

序列

BEGIN
  EXECUTE IMMEDIATE 'DROP SEQUENCE ' || sequence_name;
EXCEPTION
  WHEN OTHERS THEN
    IF SQLCODE != -2289 THEN
      RAISE;
    END IF;
END;

View

BEGIN
  EXECUTE IMMEDIATE 'DROP VIEW ' || view_name;
EXCEPTION
  WHEN OTHERS THEN
    IF SQLCODE != -942 THEN
      RAISE;
    END IF;
END;

触发

BEGIN
  EXECUTE IMMEDIATE 'DROP TRIGGER ' || trigger_name;
EXCEPTION
  WHEN OTHERS THEN
    IF SQLCODE != -4080 THEN
      RAISE;
    END IF;
END;

指数

BEGIN
  EXECUTE IMMEDIATE 'DROP INDEX ' || index_name;
EXCEPTION
  WHEN OTHERS THEN
    IF SQLCODE != -1418 THEN
      RAISE;
    END IF;
END;

列

BEGIN
  EXECUTE IMMEDIATE 'ALTER TABLE ' || table_name
                || ' DROP COLUMN ' || column_name;
EXCEPTION
  WHEN OTHERS THEN
    IF SQLCODE != -904 AND SQLCODE != -942 THEN
      RAISE;
    END IF;
END;

数据库链接

BEGIN
  EXECUTE IMMEDIATE 'DROP DATABASE LINK ' || dblink_name;
EXCEPTION
  WHEN OTHERS THEN
    IF SQLCODE != -2024 THEN
      RAISE;
    END IF;
END;

物化视图

BEGIN
  EXECUTE IMMEDIATE 'DROP MATERIALIZED VIEW ' || mview_name;
EXCEPTION
  WHEN OTHERS THEN
    IF SQLCODE != -12003 THEN
      RAISE;
    END IF;
END;

Type

BEGIN
  EXECUTE IMMEDIATE 'DROP TYPE ' || type_name;
EXCEPTION
  WHEN OTHERS THEN
    IF SQLCODE != -4043 THEN
      RAISE;
    END IF;
END;

约束

BEGIN
  EXECUTE IMMEDIATE 'ALTER TABLE ' || table_name
            || ' DROP CONSTRAINT ' || constraint_name;
EXCEPTION
  WHEN OTHERS THEN
    IF SQLCODE != -2443 AND SQLCODE != -942 THEN
      RAISE;
    END IF;
END;

调度程序工作

BEGIN
  DBMS_SCHEDULER.drop_job(job_name);
EXCEPTION
  WHEN OTHERS THEN
    IF SQLCODE != -27475 THEN
      RAISE;
    END IF;
END;

用户/架构

BEGIN
  EXECUTE IMMEDIATE 'DROP USER ' || user_name;
  /* you may or may not want to add CASCADE */
EXCEPTION
  WHEN OTHERS THEN
    IF SQLCODE != -1918 THEN
      RAISE;
    END IF;
END;

包

BEGIN
  EXECUTE IMMEDIATE 'DROP PACKAGE ' || package_name;
EXCEPTION
  WHEN OTHERS THEN
    IF SQLCODE != -4043 THEN
      RAISE;
    END IF;
END;

过程

BEGIN
  EXECUTE IMMEDIATE 'DROP PROCEDURE ' || procedure_name;
EXCEPTION
  WHEN OTHERS THEN
    IF SQLCODE != -4043 THEN
      RAISE;
    END IF;
END;

函数

BEGIN
  EXECUTE IMMEDIATE 'DROP FUNCTION ' || function_name;
EXCEPTION
  WHEN OTHERS THEN
    IF SQLCODE != -4043 THEN
      RAISE;
    END IF;
END;

表空间

BEGIN
  EXECUTE IMMEDIATE 'DROP TABLESPACE ' || tablespace_name;
EXCEPTION
  WHEN OTHERS THEN
    IF SQLCODE != -959 THEN
      RAISE;
    END IF;
END;

同义词

BEGIN
  EXECUTE IMMEDIATE 'DROP SYNONYM ' || synonym_name;
EXCEPTION
  WHEN OTHERS THEN
    IF SQLCODE != -1434 THEN
      RAISE;
    END IF;
END;

2009-11-26 03:58:12

其他回答

我更喜欢以下经济的解决方案

BEGIN
    FOR i IN (SELECT NULL FROM USER_OBJECTS WHERE OBJECT_TYPE = 'TABLE' AND OBJECT_NAME = 'TABLE_NAME') LOOP
            EXECUTE IMMEDIATE 'DROP TABLE TABLE_NAME';
    END LOOP;
END;

2018-04-26 18:27:52

遗憾的是没有，如果存在就删除，如果不存在就创建

您可以编写一个plsql脚本来包含其中的逻辑。

http://download.oracle.com/docs/cd/B12037_01/server.101/b10759/statements_9003.htm

我不太喜欢Oracle语法，但我认为@Erich的脚本应该是这样的。

declare 
cant integer
begin
select into cant count(*) from dba_tables where table_name='Table_name';
if count>0 then
BEGIN
    DROP TABLE tableName;
END IF;
END;

2009-11-25 18:48:18

在oracle中没有'DROP TABLE IF EXISTS'，你必须执行select语句。

试试这个(我不上oracle语法，所以如果我的变量是ify，请原谅我):

declare @count int
select @count=count(*) from all_tables where table_name='Table_name';
if @count>0
BEGIN
    DROP TABLE tableName;
END

2009-11-25 18:49:48

BEGIN
   EXECUTE IMMEDIATE 'DROP TABLE "IMS"."MAX" ';
EXCEPTION
   WHEN OTHERS THEN
      IF SQLCODE != -942 THEN
         RAISE;
          END IF;
         EXECUTE IMMEDIATE ' 
  CREATE TABLE "IMS"."MAX" 
   (    "ID" NUMBER NOT NULL ENABLE, 
    "NAME" VARCHAR2(20 BYTE), 
     CONSTRAINT "MAX_PK" PRIMARY KEY ("ID")
  USING INDEX PCTFREE 10 INITRANS 2 MAXTRANS 255 
  STORAGE(INITIAL 65536 NEXT 1048576 MINEXTENTS 1 MAXEXTENTS 2147483645
  PCTINCREASE 0 FREELISTS 1 FREELIST GROUPS 1 BUFFER_POOL DEFAULT FLASH_CACHE DEFAULT CELL_FLASH_CACHE DEFAULT)
  TABLESPACE "SYSAUX"  ENABLE
   ) SEGMENT CREATION IMMEDIATE 
  PCTFREE 10 PCTUSED 40 INITRANS 1 MAXTRANS 255 NOCOMPRESS LOGGING
  STORAGE(INITIAL 65536 NEXT 1048576 MINEXTENTS 1 MAXEXTENTS 2147483645
  PCTINCREASE 0 FREELISTS 1 FREELIST GROUPS 1 BUFFER_POOL DEFAULT FLASH_CACHE DEFAULT CELL_FLASH_CACHE DEFAULT)
  TABLESPACE "SYSAUX"  ';


END;

//执行这段代码，检查表是否存在，然后创建表max。这只适用于单次编译

2016-08-25 22:01:18

下面的代码片段对我很有用

BEGIN
       EXECUTE IMMEDIATE 'DROP TABLE schema_name.table_name';
    EXCEPTION
       WHEN OTHERS THEN
          IF SQLCODE != -942 THEN
             RAISE;
          END IF;
    END;

2022-09-08 09:56:57

Oracle:如果表存在

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