我正在为Oracle数据库写一些迁移脚本，并希望Oracle有类似于MySQL的IF EXISTS构造的东西。
具体来说，每当我想在MySQL中删除一个表时，我就会做这样的事情
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `table_name`;
这样，如果表不存在，DROP也不会产生错误，脚本可以继续。
Oracle有类似的机制吗?我意识到我可以使用下面的查询来检查表是否存在
SELECT * FROM dba_tables where table_name = 'table_name';
但是把它和DROP绑定在一起的语法让我很困惑。
当前回答
我更倾向于指定表和模式所有者。
还要注意大小写敏感性。(见下文“上”条款)。
我扔了几个不同的对象，以表明它可以用在桌子之外的地方。
.............
declare
v_counter int;
begin
select count(*) into v_counter from dba_users where upper(username)=upper('UserSchema01');
if v_counter > 0 then
execute immediate 'DROP USER UserSchema01 CASCADE';
end if;
end;
/
CREATE USER UserSchema01 IDENTIFIED BY pa$$word
DEFAULT TABLESPACE users
TEMPORARY TABLESPACE temp
QUOTA UNLIMITED ON users;
grant create session to UserSchema01;
还有一个TABLE的例子:
declare
v_counter int;
begin
select count(*) into v_counter from all_tables where upper(TABLE_NAME)=upper('ORDERS') and upper(OWNER)=upper('UserSchema01');
if v_counter > 0 then
execute immediate 'DROP TABLE UserSchema01.ORDERS';
end if;
end;
/
其他回答
declare
c int;
begin
select count(*) into c from user_tables where table_name = upper('table_name');
if c = 1 then
execute immediate 'drop table table_name';
end if;
end;
这是为了检查当前模式中的表是否存在。 为了检查给定的表是否已经存在于不同的模式中，您必须使用all_tables而不是user_tables，并添加条件all_tables。Owner = upper('schema_name')
And if you want to make it re-enterable and minimize drop/create cycles, you could cache the DDL using dbms_metadata.get_ddl and re-create everything using a construct like this: declare v_ddl varchar2(4000); begin select dbms_metadata.get_ddl('TABLE','DEPT','SCOTT') into v_ddl from dual; [COMPARE CACHED DDL AND EXECUTE IF NO MATCH] exception when others then if sqlcode = -31603 then [GET AND EXECUTE CACHED DDL] else raise; end if; end; This is just a sample, there should be a loop inside with DDL type, name and owner being variables.
只是想发布一个完整的代码，将创建一个表，并删除它，如果它已经存在使用Jeffrey的代码(赞美他，不是我!)
BEGIN
BEGIN
EXECUTE IMMEDIATE 'DROP TABLE tablename';
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
IF SQLCODE != -942 THEN
RAISE;
END IF;
END;
EXECUTE IMMEDIATE 'CREATE TABLE tablename AS SELECT * FROM sourcetable WHERE 1=0';
END;
我一直在寻找同样的东西，但我最终写了一个程序来帮助我:
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE DelObject(ObjName varchar2,ObjType varchar2)
IS
v_counter number := 0;
begin
if ObjType = 'TABLE' then
select count(*) into v_counter from user_tables where table_name = upper(ObjName);
if v_counter > 0 then
execute immediate 'drop table ' || ObjName || ' cascade constraints';
end if;
end if;
if ObjType = 'PROCEDURE' then
select count(*) into v_counter from User_Objects where object_type = 'PROCEDURE' and OBJECT_NAME = upper(ObjName);
if v_counter > 0 then
execute immediate 'DROP PROCEDURE ' || ObjName;
end if;
end if;
if ObjType = 'FUNCTION' then
select count(*) into v_counter from User_Objects where object_type = 'FUNCTION' and OBJECT_NAME = upper(ObjName);
if v_counter > 0 then
execute immediate 'DROP FUNCTION ' || ObjName;
end if;
end if;
if ObjType = 'TRIGGER' then
select count(*) into v_counter from User_Triggers where TRIGGER_NAME = upper(ObjName);
if v_counter > 0 then
execute immediate 'DROP TRIGGER ' || ObjName;
end if;
end if;
if ObjType = 'VIEW' then
select count(*) into v_counter from User_Views where VIEW_NAME = upper(ObjName);
if v_counter > 0 then
execute immediate 'DROP VIEW ' || ObjName;
end if;
end if;
if ObjType = 'SEQUENCE' then
select count(*) into v_counter from user_sequences where sequence_name = upper(ObjName);
if v_counter > 0 then
execute immediate 'DROP SEQUENCE ' || ObjName;
end if;
end if;
end;
希望这能有所帮助
使用SQL*PLUS，你也可以使用每当SQLERROR命令:
WHENEVER SQLERROR CONTINUE NONE
DROP TABLE TABLE_NAME;
WHENEVER SQLERROR EXIT SQL.SQLCODE
DROP TABLE TABLE_NAME;
使用CONTINUE NONE会报告一个错误，但是脚本将继续。使用EXIT SQL。如果出现错误，脚本将被终止。
请参见:每当SQLERROR文档
