我已经使用Subversion很多年了,在使用SourceSafe之后,我爱上了Subversion。结合TortoiseSVN,我真的无法想象它还能有什么更好的。

然而,越来越多的开发人员声称Subversion存在问题,我们应该转向新的分布式版本控制系统,比如Git。

Git如何改进Subversion?


当前回答

我非常喜欢能够在Git中管理源代码的本地分支,而不会混淆中央存储库的水。在许多情况下,我将从Subversion服务器签出代码并运行本地Git存储库,只是为了能够做到这一点。初始化Git存储库不会因为到处都是烦人的.svn文件夹而污染文件系统,这一点也很棒。

至于Windows工具的支持,TortoiseGit处理基本的很好,但我仍然喜欢命令行,除非我想查看日志。我真的很喜欢Tortoise{Git|SVN}在读取提交日志时的帮助方式。

其他回答

对于那些正在寻找一个好的Git GUI的人来说,Syntevo SmartGit可能是一个很好的解决方案。它是私有的,但对非商业用途是免费的,可以在Windows/Mac/Linux上运行,我认为甚至可以使用某种git-svn网桥来支持SVN。

我最近一直住在Git的土地上,我喜欢用它来做个人项目,但是我还不能把工作项目从Subversion转换到Git上,因为它改变了工作人员的想法,而且没有紧迫的好处。此外,我们内部运行的最大项目非常依赖于svn:externals,从我目前所看到的来看,它在Git中并不能很好地无缝工作。

Git和DVCS通常都非常适合于独立编写大量代码的开发人员,因为每个人都有自己的分支。但是,如果您需要从其他人那里进行更改,她必须提交给她的本地回购,然后她必须将该更改集推给您,或者您必须从她那里获取更改集。

我自己的推理也让我认为,如果你做集中发布之类的事情,DVCS会让QA和发布管理变得更加困难。必须有人负责从其他人的存储库中进行推送/拉取,解决任何在最初提交时就可以解决的冲突,然后进行构建,然后让所有其他开发人员重新同步他们的回购。

当然,所有这些都可以通过人工流程来解决;DVCS只是破坏了一些由集中式版本控制修复的东西,以便提供一些新的便利。

其他的回答很好地解释了Git的核心特性(这些特性非常棒)。但是还有很多小方法可以让Git表现得更好,并帮助我的生活更加理智。以下是一些小细节:

Git has a 'clean' command. SVN desperately needs this command, considering how frequently it will dump extra files on your disk. Git has the 'bisect' command. It's nice. SVN creates .svn directories in every single folder (Git only creates one .git directory). Every script you write, and every grep you do, will need to be written to ignore these .svn directories. You also need an entire command ("svn export") just to get a sane copy of your files. In SVN, each file & folder can come from a different revision or branch. At first, it sounds nice to have this freedom. But what this actually means is that there is a million different ways for your local checkout to be completely screwed up. (for example, if "svn switch" fails halfway through, or if you enter a command wrong). And the worst part is: if you ever get into a situation where some of your files are coming from one place, and some of them from another, the "svn status" will tell you that everything is normal. You'll need to do "svn info" on each file/directory to discover how weird things are. If "git status" tells you that things are normal, then you can trust that things really are normal. You have to tell SVN whenever you move or delete something. Git will just figure it out. Ignore semantics are easier in Git. If you ignore a pattern (such as *.pyc), it will be ignored for all subdirectories. (But if you really want to ignore something for just one directory, you can). With SVN, it seems that there is no easy way to ignore a pattern across all subdirectories. Another item involving ignore files. Git makes it possible to have "private" ignore settings (using the file .git/info/exclude), which won't affect anyone else.

我喜欢DVCS的主要原因是:

You can commit broken things. It doesn't matter because other peoples won't see them until you publish. Publish time is different of commit time. Because of this you can commit more often. You can merge complete functionnality. This functionnality will have its own branch. All commits of this branch will be related to this functionnality. You can do it with a CVCS however with DVCS its the default. You can search your history (find when a function changed ) You can undo a pull if someone screw up the main repository, you don't need to fix the errors. Just clear the merge. When you need a source control in any directory do : git init . and you can commit, undoing changes, etc... It's fast (even on Windows )

一个相对较大的项目的主要原因是由点3创建的改进的交流。其他的则是不错的奖金。