如何在SQL Server 2005+中获得所有索引和索引列的列表?我能想到的最接近的是:
select s.name, t.name, i.name, c.name from sys.tables t
inner join sys.schemas s on t.schema_id = s.schema_id
inner join sys.indexes i on i.object_id = t.object_id
inner join sys.index_columns ic on ic.object_id = t.object_id
inner join sys.columns c on c.object_id = t.object_id and
ic.column_id = c.column_id
where i.index_id > 0
and i.type in (1, 2) -- clustered & nonclustered only
and i.is_primary_key = 0 -- do not include PK indexes
and i.is_unique_constraint = 0 -- do not include UQ
and i.is_disabled = 0
and i.is_hypothetical = 0
and ic.key_ordinal > 0
order by ic.key_ordinal
这可不是我想要的。
我想要的是，列出所有用户定义的索引，(这意味着不支持唯一约束和主键的索引)与所有列(按它们在索引定义中的出现方式排序)以及尽可能多的元数据。
这是可行的:
DECLARE @IndexInfo TABLE (index_name varchar(250)
,index_description varchar(250)
,index_keys varchar(250)
)
INSERT INTO @IndexInfo
exec sp_msforeachtable 'sp_helpindex ''?'''
select * from @IndexInfo
这不会返回表名，你会得到所有没有索引的表的警告，如果这是一个问题，你可以在有索引的表上创建一个循环，像这样:
DECLARE @IndexInfoTemp TABLE (index_name varchar(250)
,index_description varchar(250)
,index_keys varchar(250)
)
DECLARE @IndexInfo TABLE (table_name sysname
,index_name varchar(250)
,index_description varchar(250)
,index_keys varchar(250)
)
DECLARE @Tables Table (RowID int not null identity(1,1)
,TableName sysname
)
DECLARE @MaxRow int
DECLARE @CurrentRow int
DECLARE @CurrentTable sysname
INSERT INTO @Tables
SELECT
DISTINCT t.name
FROM sys.indexes i
INNER JOIN sys.tables t ON i.object_id = t.object_id
WHERE i.Name IS NOT NULL
SELECT @MaxRow=@@ROWCOUNT,@CurrentRow=1
WHILE @CurrentRow<=@MaxRow
BEGIN
SELECT @CurrentTable=TableName FROM @Tables WHERE RowID=@CurrentRow
INSERT INTO @IndexInfoTemp
exec sp_helpindex @CurrentTable
INSERT INTO @IndexInfo
(table_name , index_name , index_description , index_keys)
SELECT
@CurrentTable , index_name , index_description , index_keys
FROM @IndexInfoTemp
DELETE FROM @IndexInfoTemp
SET @CurrentRow=@CurrentRow+1
END --WHILE
SELECT * from @IndexInfo
编辑
如果你愿意，你可以过滤数据，这里有一些例子(这两种方法都适用):
SELECT * FROM @IndexInfo WHERE index_description NOT LIKE '%primary key%'
SELECT * FROM @IndexInfo WHERE index_description NOT LIKE '%nonclustered%' AND index_description LIKE '%clustered%'
SELECT * FROM @IndexInfo WHERE index_description LIKE '%unique%'
根据Tim Ford的代码，这是正确答案:
select tab.[name] as [table_name],
idx.[name] as [index_name],
allc.[name] as [column_name],
idx.[type_desc],
idx.[is_unique],
idx.[data_space_id],
idx.[ignore_dup_key],
idx.[is_primary_key],
idx.[is_unique_constraint],
idx.[fill_factor],
idx.[is_padded],
idx.[is_disabled],
idx.[is_hypothetical],
idx.[allow_row_locks],
idx.[allow_page_locks],
idxc.[is_descending_key],
idxc.[is_included_column],
idxc.[index_column_id]
from sys.[tables] as tab
inner join sys.[indexes] idx on tab.[object_id] = idx.[object_id]
inner join sys.[index_columns] idxc on idx.[object_id] = idxc.[object_id] and idx.[index_id] = idxc.[index_id]
inner join sys.[all_columns] allc on tab.[object_id] = allc.[object_id] and idxc.[column_id] = allc.[column_id]
where tab.[name] Like '%table_name%'
and idx.[name] Like '%index_name%'
order by tab.[name], idx.[index_id], idxc.[index_column_id]
sELECT
TableName = t.name,
IndexName = ind.name,
--IndexId = ind.index_id,
ColumnId = ic.index_column_id,
ColumnName = col.name,
key_ordinal,
ind.type_desc
--ind.*,
--ic.*,
--col.*
FROM
sys.indexes ind
INNER JOIN
sys.index_columns ic ON ind.object_id = ic.object_id and ind.index_id = ic.index_id
INNER JOIN
sys.columns col ON ic.object_id = col.object_id and ic.column_id = col.column_id
INNER JOIN
sys.tables t ON ind.object_id = t.object_id
WHERE
ind.is_primary_key = 0
AND ind.is_unique = 0
AND ind.is_unique_constraint = 0
AND t.is_ms_shipped = 0
and t.name='CompanyReconciliation' --table name
and key_ordinal>0
ORDER BY
t.name, ind.name, ind.index_id, ic.index_column_id
首先，请注意，以上所有查询都可能遗漏或错误地合并索引的INCLUDE列。在某些情况下，还缺少列的正确排序和/或ASC/DESC选项。
由jona修改了上述查询。顺便说一句，在我使用的许多数据库中，我都安装了自己的CLR CONCATENATE聚合函数，因此下面的代码依赖于存在这样的东西。上面的SQL语句简化为更易于维护:
SELECT
s.[name] AS [schema_name]
, t.[name] AS [table_name]
, i.[name] AS [index_name]
, dbo.Concatenate(CASE WHEN ic.[key_ordinal] > 0 AND ic.[is_descending_key] = 1 THEN c.[name] + ' DESC' WHEN key_ordinal > 0 THEN c.[name] ELSE NULL END,',',1) AS [columns]
, dbo.Concatenate(CASE WHEN ic.[is_included_column] = 1 THEN c.[name] ELSE NULL END,',',1) AS [includes]
FROM
sys.tables t
INNER JOIN
sys.schemas s ON t.[schema_id] = s.[schema_id]
INNER JOIN
sys.indexes i ON i.[object_id] = t.[object_id]
INNER JOIN
sys.index_columns ic ON ic.[object_id] = t.[object_id] AND ic.index_id = i.index_id
INNER JOIN
sys.columns c ON c.[object_id] = t.[object_id] AND ic.column_id = c.column_id
GROUP BY
s.[name]
, t.[name]
, i.[name]
ORDER BY
s.[name]
, t.[name]
, i.[name]
如果您的环境允许将基于clr的函数添加到其中，那么就会有许多级联聚合。
——简短而甜蜜:
SELECT OBJECT_SCHEMA_NAME(T.[object_id],DB_ID()) AS [Schema],
T.[name] AS [table_name], I.[name] AS [index_name], AC.[name] AS [column_name],
I.[type_desc], I.[is_unique], I.[data_space_id], I.[ignore_dup_key], I.[is_primary_key],
I.[is_unique_constraint], I.[fill_factor], I.[is_padded], I.[is_disabled], I.[is_hypothetical],
I.[allow_row_locks], I.[allow_page_locks], IC.[is_descending_key], IC.[is_included_column]
FROM sys.[tables] AS T
INNER JOIN sys.[indexes] I ON T.[object_id] = I.[object_id]
INNER JOIN sys.[index_columns] IC ON I.[object_id] = IC.[object_id]
INNER JOIN sys.[all_columns] AC ON T.[object_id] = AC.[object_id] AND IC.[column_id] = AC.[column_id]
WHERE T.[is_ms_shipped] = 0 AND I.[type_desc] <> 'HEAP'
ORDER BY T.[name], I.[index_id], IC.[key_ordinal]
这是一种回退到索引的方法。您可以使用SHOWCONTIG来评估碎片。它将列出数据库或表的所有索引，以及统计信息。我要提醒的是，在大型数据库上，它可能是长时间运行的。对我来说，这种方法的好处之一是您不必是管理员就可以使用它。
——显示数据库中所有索引的碎片信息
SET NOCOUNT ON
USE pubs
DBCC SHOWCONTIG WITH ALL_INDEXES
GO
.．.完成后关闭NOCOUNT
——显示表中所有索引的碎片信息
SET NOCOUNT ON
USE pubs
DBCC SHOWCONTIG (authors) WITH ALL_INDEXES
GO
——显示特定索引上的碎片信息
SET NOCOUNT ON
USE pubs
DBCC SHOWCONTIG (authors,aunmind)
GO
