如何在SQL Server 2005+中获得所有索引和索引列的列表?我能想到的最接近的是:

select s.name, t.name, i.name, c.name from sys.tables t
inner join sys.schemas s on t.schema_id = s.schema_id
inner join sys.indexes i on i.object_id = t.object_id
inner join sys.index_columns ic on ic.object_id = t.object_id
inner join sys.columns c on c.object_id = t.object_id and
        ic.column_id = c.column_id

where i.index_id > 0    
 and i.type in (1, 2) -- clustered & nonclustered only
 and i.is_primary_key = 0 -- do not include PK indexes
 and i.is_unique_constraint = 0 -- do not include UQ
 and i.is_disabled = 0
 and i.is_hypothetical = 0
 and ic.key_ordinal > 0

order by ic.key_ordinal

这可不是我想要的。 我想要的是,列出所有用户定义的索引,(这意味着不支持唯一约束和主键的索引)与所有列(按它们在索引定义中的出现方式排序)以及尽可能多的元数据。


当前回答

根据Tim Ford的代码,这是正确答案:

  select tab.[name]  as [table_name],
         idx.[name]  as [index_name],
         allc.[name] as [column_name],
         idx.[type_desc],
         idx.[is_unique],
         idx.[data_space_id],
         idx.[ignore_dup_key],
         idx.[is_primary_key],
         idx.[is_unique_constraint],
         idx.[fill_factor],
         idx.[is_padded],
         idx.[is_disabled],
         idx.[is_hypothetical],
         idx.[allow_row_locks],
         idx.[allow_page_locks],
         idxc.[is_descending_key],
         idxc.[is_included_column],
         idxc.[index_column_id]

     from sys.[tables] as tab

    inner join sys.[indexes]       idx  on tab.[object_id] =  idx.[object_id]
    inner join sys.[index_columns] idxc on idx.[object_id] = idxc.[object_id] and  idx.[index_id]  = idxc.[index_id]
    inner join sys.[all_columns]   allc on tab.[object_id] = allc.[object_id] and idxc.[column_id] = allc.[column_id]

    where tab.[name] Like '%table_name%'
      and idx.[name] Like '%index_name%'
    order by tab.[name], idx.[index_id], idxc.[index_column_id]

其他回答

以下是最好的方法:

SELECT sys.tables.object_id, sys.tables.name as table_name, sys.columns.name as column_name, sys.indexes.name as index_name,
sys.indexes.is_unique, sys.indexes.is_primary_key 
FROM sys.tables, sys.indexes, sys.index_columns, sys.columns 
WHERE (sys.tables.object_id = sys.indexes.object_id AND sys.tables.object_id = sys.index_columns.object_id AND sys.tables.object_id = sys.columns.object_id
AND sys.indexes.index_id = sys.index_columns.index_id AND sys.index_columns.column_id = sys.columns.column_id) 
AND sys.tables.name = 'your_table_name'

我更喜欢使用隐式连接,因为它对我来说更容易理解。您可以删除object_id引用,因为您可能不需要它。

欢呼。

根据公认的答案和另外两个问题1,2,我整理了以下问题:

SELECT
    QUOTENAME(t.name) AS TableName,
    QUOTENAME(i.name) AS IndexName,
    i.is_primary_key,
    i.is_unique,
    i.is_unique_constraint,
    STUFF(REPLACE(REPLACE((
        SELECT QUOTENAME(c.name) + CASE WHEN ic.is_descending_key = 1 THEN ' DESC' ELSE '' END AS [data()]
        FROM sys.index_columns AS ic
        INNER JOIN sys.columns AS c ON ic.object_id = c.object_id AND ic.column_id = c.column_id
        WHERE ic.object_id = i.object_id AND ic.index_id = i.index_id AND ic.is_included_column = 0
        ORDER BY ic.key_ordinal
        FOR XML PATH
    ), '<row>', ', '), '</row>', ''), 1, 2, '') AS KeyColumns,
    STUFF(REPLACE(REPLACE((
        SELECT QUOTENAME(c.name) AS [data()]
        FROM sys.index_columns AS ic
        INNER JOIN sys.columns AS c ON ic.object_id = c.object_id AND ic.column_id = c.column_id
        WHERE ic.object_id = i.object_id AND ic.index_id = i.index_id AND ic.is_included_column = 1
        ORDER BY ic.index_column_id
        FOR XML PATH
    ), '<row>', ', '), '</row>', ''), 1, 2, '') AS IncludedColumns,
    u.user_seeks,
    u.user_scans,
    u.user_lookups,
    u.user_updates
FROM sys.tables AS t
INNER JOIN sys.indexes AS i ON t.object_id = i.object_id
LEFT JOIN sys.dm_db_index_usage_stats AS u ON i.object_id = u.object_id AND i.index_id = u.index_id
WHERE t.is_ms_shipped = 0
AND i.type <> 0

该查询返回如下所示的结果,其中显示了索引的列表、它们的列和用法。非常有助于确定哪个指数比其他指数表现更好:

当我有这个需求时,我使用了以下查询…

SELECT 
    TableName = t.name,
    ColumnId = col.column_id, 
    ColumnName = col.name,
    DataType = ty.name,
    MaxSize = ty.max_length,
    IsNullable = CASE WHEN (col.is_nullable = 1) THEN 'Y' END,
    IsIdentity = CASE WHEN (col.is_identity = 1) THEN 'Y' END,
    IsPrimaryKey = CASE WHEN (ic.column_id = col.column_id) THEN 'Y' END,
    IsForeignKey = CASE WHEN (fkc.parent_column_id = col.column_id) THEN 'Y' END,
    IsDefault = CASE WHEN (dc.parent_column_id = col.column_id) THEN 'Y' END
FROM 
    sys.tables t
INNER JOIN 
     sys.columns col ON t.object_id = col.object_id 
LEFT JOIN
    sys.indexes ind ON t.object_id = ind.object_id 
LEFT JOIN 
     sys.index_columns ic ON ic.index_id=ind.index_id AND ic.object_id = col.object_id and ic.column_id = col.column_id
LEFT JOIN sys.foreign_key_columns fkc
                ON fkc.parent_object_id = col.object_id AND fkc.parent_column_id=col.column_id
LEFT JOIN sys.default_constraints dc
                ON dc.parent_object_id = col.object_id AND dc.parent_column_id=col.column_id
LEFT JOIN
     sys.types ty on ty.user_type_id = col.user_type_id

WHERE
    --t.name='<TABLENAME>'
    t.schema_id = 10    --SCHEMA ID
    AND ind.is_primary_key=1    
ORDER BY
    t.name, ColumnId

既然你的配置文件声明你使用的是。net,那么你可以通过编程的方式使用服务器管理对象(SMO)…除此之外,上面的任何答案都非常棒。

首先,请注意,以上所有查询都可能遗漏或错误地合并索引的INCLUDE列。在某些情况下,还缺少列的正确排序和/或ASC/DESC选项。

由jona修改了上述查询。顺便说一句,在我使用的许多数据库中,我都安装了自己的CLR CONCATENATE聚合函数,因此下面的代码依赖于存在这样的东西。上面的SQL语句简化为更易于维护:

SELECT
  s.[name] AS [schema_name]
, t.[name] AS [table_name]
, i.[name] AS [index_name]
, dbo.Concatenate(CASE WHEN ic.[key_ordinal] > 0 AND ic.[is_descending_key] = 1 THEN c.[name] + ' DESC' WHEN key_ordinal > 0 THEN c.[name] ELSE NULL END,',',1) AS [columns]
, dbo.Concatenate(CASE WHEN ic.[is_included_column] = 1 THEN c.[name] ELSE NULL END,',',1) AS [includes]
FROM
  sys.tables t
INNER JOIN
  sys.schemas s ON t.[schema_id] = s.[schema_id]
INNER JOIN
  sys.indexes i ON i.[object_id] = t.[object_id]
INNER JOIN
  sys.index_columns ic ON ic.[object_id] = t.[object_id] AND ic.index_id = i.index_id
INNER JOIN
  sys.columns c ON c.[object_id] = t.[object_id] AND ic.column_id = c.column_id
GROUP BY
  s.[name]
, t.[name]
, i.[name]
ORDER BY
  s.[name]
, t.[name]
, i.[name]

如果您的环境允许将基于clr的函数添加到其中,那么就会有许多级联聚合。