在Javascript中，我试图采取数字值的初始数组，并计算其中的元素。理想情况下，结果将是两个新数组，第一个数组指定每个唯一元素，第二个数组包含每个元素出现的次数。但是，我愿意听取关于输出格式的建议。
例如，如果初始数组是:
5, 5, 5, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 9, 4
然后将创建两个新数组。第一个将包含每个唯一元素的名称:
5, 2, 9, 4
第二个将包含该元素在初始数组中出现的次数:
3, 5, 1, 1
因为数字5在初始数组中出现了三次，数字2出现了五次，9和4都出现了一次。
我一直在寻找解决方案，但似乎没有一个可行，而且我自己尝试过的每件事最后都出奇地复杂。任何帮助都将不胜感激!
谢谢:)
当前回答
您可以通过使用count函数扩展数组来简化这一点。它的工作原理类似于Ruby的array# count，如果你熟悉它的话。
Array.prototype.count = function(obj){
var count = this.length;
if(typeof(obj) !== "undefined"){
var array = this.slice(0), count = 0; // clone array and reset count
for(i = 0; i < array.length; i++){
if(array[i] == obj){ count++ }
}
}
return count;
}
用法:
let array = ['a', 'b', 'd', 'a', 'c'];
array.count('a'); // => 2
array.count('b'); // => 1
array.count('e'); // => 0
array.count(); // => 5
Gist
Edit
然后你可以使用array# filter获取你的第一个数组，包含每个出现的项:
let occurred = [];
array.filter(function(item) {
if (!occurred.includes(item)) {
occurred.push(item);
return true;
}
}); // => ["a", "b", "d", "c"]
你的第二个数组，使用数组#count到数组#map:
occurred.map(array.count.bind(array)); // => [2, 1, 1, 1]
或者，如果顺序无关紧要，你可以直接返回一个键值对:
let occurrences = {}
occurred.forEach(function(item) { occurrences[item] = array.count(item) });
occurences; // => {2: 5, 4: 1, 5: 3, 9: 1}
其他回答
编辑2020年:这是一个相当老的答案(9年)。扩展本机原型总是会引起讨论。尽管我认为程序员可以自由选择自己的编程风格，这里有一个(更现代的)方法来解决这个问题，而不需要扩展Array.prototype:
{ // create array with some pseudo random values (1 - 5) const arr = Array.from({length: 100}) .map( () => Math.floor(1 + Math.random() * 5) ); // frequencies using a reducer const arrFrequencies = arr.reduce((acc, value) => ({ ...acc, [value]: acc[value] + 1 || 1}), {} ) console.log(arrFrequencies); console.log(`Value 4 occurs ${arrFrequencies[4]} times in arrFrequencies`); // bonus: restore Array from frequencies const arrRestored = Object.entries(arrFrequencies) .reduce( (acc, [key, value]) => acc.concat(Array(value).fill(+key)), [] ); console.log(arrRestored.join()); } .as-console-wrapper { top: 0; max-height: 100% !important; }
旧的(2011年)答案是:你可以扩展Array。原型，像这样:
{ Array.prototype.frequencies = function() { var l = this.length, result = { all: [] }; while (l--) { result[this[l]] = result[this[l]] ? ++result[this[l]] : 1; } // all pairs (label, frequencies) to an array of arrays(2) for (var l in result) { if (result.hasOwnProperty(l) && l !== 'all') { result.all.push([l, result[l]]); } } return result; }; var freqs = [5, 5, 5, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 9, 4].frequencies(); console.log(`freqs[2]: ${freqs[2]}`); //=> 5 // or var freqs = '1,1,2,one,one,2,2,22,three,four,five,three,three,five' .split(',') .frequencies(); console.log(`freqs.three: ${freqs.three}`); //=> 3 // Alternatively you can utilize Array.map: Array.prototype.frequencies = function() { var freqs = { sum: 0 }; this.map(function(a) { if (!(a in this)) { this[a] = 1; } else { this[a] += 1; } this.sum += 1; return a; }, freqs); return freqs; } } .as-console-wrapper { top: 0; max-height: 100% !important; }
您可以通过使用count函数扩展数组来简化这一点。它的工作原理类似于Ruby的array# count，如果你熟悉它的话。
Array.prototype.count = function(obj){
var count = this.length;
if(typeof(obj) !== "undefined"){
var array = this.slice(0), count = 0; // clone array and reset count
for(i = 0; i < array.length; i++){
if(array[i] == obj){ count++ }
}
}
return count;
}
用法:
let array = ['a', 'b', 'd', 'a', 'c'];
array.count('a'); // => 2
array.count('b'); // => 1
array.count('e'); // => 0
array.count(); // => 5
Gist
Edit
然后你可以使用array# filter获取你的第一个数组，包含每个出现的项:
let occurred = [];
array.filter(function(item) {
if (!occurred.includes(item)) {
occurred.push(item);
return true;
}
}); // => ["a", "b", "d", "c"]
你的第二个数组，使用数组#count到数组#map:
occurred.map(array.count.bind(array)); // => [2, 1, 1, 1]
或者，如果顺序无关紧要，你可以直接返回一个键值对:
let occurrences = {}
occurred.forEach(function(item) { occurrences[item] = array.count(item) });
occurences; // => {2: 5, 4: 1, 5: 3, 9: 1}
你可以使用一个对象来保存结果:
Const arr = [5,5,5,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,9,4]; Const counts = {}; (const num of arr) { Counts [num] = Counts [num] ?计数[num] + 1: 1; ｝ console.log(重要); Console.log(计数[5]，计数[2]，计数[9]，计数[4]);
所以，现在你的counts对象可以告诉你一个特定数字的计数是多少:
console.log(counts[5]); // logs '3'
如果您想获取成员数组，只需使用keys()函数即可
keys(counts); // returns ["5", "2", "9", "4"]
下面是一种计算对象数组中出现次数的方法。它还将第一个数组的内容放在一个新数组中，以便对值进行排序，这样原始数组中的顺序就不会被打乱。然后使用递归函数遍历每个元素并计算数组中每个对象的quantity属性。
var big_array = [
{ name: "Pineapples", quantity: 3 },
{ name: "Pineapples", quantity: 1 },
{ name: "Bananas", quantity: 1 },
{ name: "Limes", quantity: 1 },
{ name: "Bananas", quantity: 1 },
{ name: "Pineapples", quantity: 2 },
{ name: "Pineapples", quantity: 1 },
{ name: "Bananas", quantity: 1 },
{ name: "Bananas", quantity: 1 },
{ name: "Bananas", quantity: 5 },
{ name: "Coconuts", quantity: 1 },
{ name: "Lemons", quantity: 2 },
{ name: "Oranges", quantity: 1 },
{ name: "Lemons", quantity: 1 },
{ name: "Limes", quantity: 1 },
{ name: "Grapefruit", quantity: 1 },
{ name: "Coconuts", quantity: 5 },
{ name: "Oranges", quantity: 6 }
];
function countThem() {
var names_array = [];
for (var i = 0; i < big_array.length; i++) {
names_array.push( Object.assign({}, big_array[i]) );
}
function outerHolder(item_array) {
if (item_array.length > 0) {
var occurrences = [];
var counter = 0;
var bgarlen = item_array.length;
item_array.sort(function(a, b) { return (a.name > b.name) ? 1 : ((b.name > a.name) ? -1 : 0); });
function recursiveCounter() {
occurrences.push(item_array[0]);
item_array.splice(0, 1);
var last_occurrence_element = occurrences.length - 1;
var last_occurrence_entry = occurrences[last_occurrence_element].name;
var occur_counter = 0;
var quantity_counter = 0;
for (var i = 0; i < occurrences.length; i++) {
if (occurrences[i].name === last_occurrence_entry) {
occur_counter = occur_counter + 1;
if (occur_counter === 1) {
quantity_counter = occurrences[i].quantity;
} else {
quantity_counter = quantity_counter + occurrences[i].quantity;
}
}
}
if (occur_counter > 1) {
var current_match = occurrences.length - 2;
occurrences[current_match].quantity = quantity_counter;
occurrences.splice(last_occurrence_element, 1);
}
counter = counter + 1;
if (counter < bgarlen) {
recursiveCounter();
}
}
recursiveCounter();
return occurrences;
}
}
alert(JSON.stringify(outerHolder(names_array)));
}
不要使用两个数组的结果，使用一个对象:
a = [5, 5, 5, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 9, 4];
result = { };
for(var i = 0; i < a.length; ++i) {
if(!result[a[i]])
result[a[i]] = 0;
++result[a[i]];
}
然后结果将看起来像:
{
2: 5,
4: 1,
5: 3,
9: 1
}
