var aa = [1,3,5,7,3,2,4,6,8,1,3,5,5,2,0,6,5,9,6,3,5,2,5,6,8];
var newArray = {};
for(var element of aa){
  if(typeof newArray[element] === 'undefined' || newArray[element] === null){
    newArray[element] = 1;
  }else{
    newArray[element] +=1;
  }
}

for ( var element in newArray){
  console.log( element +" -> "+ newArray[element]);
}

我在codewars上解决了一个类似的问题，并设计了以下解决方案。

这将给出数组中整数的最高计数以及整数本身。我认为它也可以应用于字符串数组。

要正确地对字符串排序，请从sort()部分中删除函数(a, b){return a-b}

function mostFrequentItemCount(collection) {
    collection.sort(function(a, b){return a-b});
    var i=0;
    var ans=[];
    var int_ans=[];
    while(i<collection.length)
    {
        if(collection[i]===collection[i+1])
        {
            int_ans.push(collection[i]);
        }
        else
        {
            int_ans.push(collection[i]);
            ans.push(int_ans);
            int_ans=[];
        }
        i++;
    }

    var high_count=0;
    var high_ans;

    i=0;
    while(i<ans.length)
    {
        if(ans[i].length>high_count)
        {
            high_count=ans[i].length;
            high_ans=ans[i][0];
        }
        i++;
    }
    return high_ans;
}

所以这里是我如何做的一些最新的javascript功能:

首先，将数组缩减为一个计数的Map:

let countMap = array.reduce(
  (map, value) => {map.set(value, (map.get(value) || 0) + 1); return map}, 
  new Map()
)

通过使用Map，您的起始数组可以包含任何类型的对象，并且计数将是正确的。如果没有Map，某些类型的对象会给你奇怪的计数。 关于区别的更多信息，请参阅Map文档。

如果你所有的值都是符号、数字或字符串，这也可以用在对象上:

let countObject = array.reduce(
  (map, value) => { map[value] = (map[value] || 0) + 1; return map },
  {}
)

或者使用解构和对象扩展语法，以一种没有突变的函数式方式略显花哨:

let countObject = array.reduce(
  (value, {[value]: count = 0, ...rest}) => ({ [value]: count + 1, ...rest }),
  {}
)

此时，您可以使用Map或对象进行计数(与对象不同，Map是直接可迭代的)，或者将其转换为两个数组。

有关地图:

countMap.forEach((count, value) => console.log(`value: ${value}, count: ${count}`)

let values = countMap.keys()
let counts = countMap.values()

或者对于对象:

Object
  .entries(countObject) // convert to array of [key, valueAtKey] pairs
  .forEach(([value, count]) => console.log(`value: ${value}, count: ${count}`)

let values = Object.keys(countObject)
let counts = Object.values(countObject)

如果使用下划线或lodash，这是最简单的事情:

_.countBy(array);

这样:

_.countBy([5, 5, 5, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 9, 4])
=> Object {2: 5, 4: 1, 5: 3, 9: 1}

正如其他人指出的那样，然后可以对结果执行_.keys()和_.values()函数，以分别获得唯一的数字及其出现次数。但根据我的经验，原始对象更容易处理。

下面是一种计算对象数组中出现次数的方法。它还将第一个数组的内容放在一个新数组中，以便对值进行排序，这样原始数组中的顺序就不会被打乱。然后使用递归函数遍历每个元素并计算数组中每个对象的quantity属性。

var big_array = [
  { name: "Pineapples", quantity: 3 },
  { name: "Pineapples", quantity: 1 },
  { name: "Bananas", quantity: 1 },
  { name: "Limes", quantity: 1 },
  { name: "Bananas", quantity: 1 },
  { name: "Pineapples", quantity: 2 },
  { name: "Pineapples", quantity: 1 },
  { name: "Bananas", quantity: 1 },
  { name: "Bananas", quantity: 1 },
  { name: "Bananas", quantity: 5 },
  { name: "Coconuts", quantity: 1 },
  { name: "Lemons", quantity: 2 },
  { name: "Oranges", quantity: 1 },
  { name: "Lemons", quantity: 1 },
  { name: "Limes", quantity: 1 },
  { name: "Grapefruit", quantity: 1 },
  { name: "Coconuts", quantity: 5 },
  { name: "Oranges", quantity: 6 }
];

function countThem() {
  var names_array = [];
  for (var i = 0; i < big_array.length; i++) {
    names_array.push( Object.assign({}, big_array[i]) );
  }

  function outerHolder(item_array) {
    if (item_array.length > 0) {
      var occurrences = [];
      var counter = 0;
      var bgarlen = item_array.length;
      item_array.sort(function(a, b) { return (a.name > b.name) ? 1 : ((b.name > a.name) ? -1 : 0); });

      function recursiveCounter() {
        occurrences.push(item_array[0]);
        item_array.splice(0, 1);
        var last_occurrence_element = occurrences.length - 1;
        var last_occurrence_entry = occurrences[last_occurrence_element].name;
        var occur_counter = 0;
        var quantity_counter = 0;
        for (var i = 0; i < occurrences.length; i++) {
          if (occurrences[i].name === last_occurrence_entry) {
            occur_counter = occur_counter + 1;
            if (occur_counter === 1) {
              quantity_counter = occurrences[i].quantity;
            } else {
              quantity_counter = quantity_counter + occurrences[i].quantity;
            }
          }
        }

        if (occur_counter > 1) {
          var current_match = occurrences.length - 2;
          occurrences[current_match].quantity = quantity_counter;
          occurrences.splice(last_occurrence_element, 1);
        }

        counter = counter + 1;

        if (counter < bgarlen) {
          recursiveCounter();
        }
      }

      recursiveCounter();

      return occurrences;
    }
  }
  alert(JSON.stringify(outerHolder(names_array)));
}

您可以通过使用count函数扩展数组来简化这一点。它的工作原理类似于Ruby的array# count，如果你熟悉它的话。

Array.prototype.count = function(obj){
  var count = this.length;
  if(typeof(obj) !== "undefined"){
    var array = this.slice(0), count = 0; // clone array and reset count
    for(i = 0; i < array.length; i++){
      if(array[i] == obj){ count++ }
    }
  }
  return count;
}

用法:

let array = ['a', 'b', 'd', 'a', 'c'];
array.count('a'); // => 2
array.count('b'); // => 1
array.count('e'); // => 0
array.count(); // => 5

Gist

Edit

然后你可以使用array# filter获取你的第一个数组，包含每个出现的项:

let occurred = [];
array.filter(function(item) {
  if (!occurred.includes(item)) {
    occurred.push(item);
    return true;
  }
}); // => ["a", "b", "d", "c"]

你的第二个数组，使用数组#count到数组#map:

occurred.map(array.count.bind(array)); // => [2, 1, 1, 1]

或者，如果顺序无关紧要，你可以直接返回一个键值对:

let occurrences = {}
occurred.forEach(function(item) { occurrences[item] = array.count(item) });
occurences; // => {2: 5, 4: 1, 5: 3, 9: 1}