如何将现有回调API转换为promise？

我想使用promise，但我有一个回调API，格式如下：

1.DOM加载或其他一次性事件：

window.onload; // set to callback
...
window.onload = function() {

};

2.普通回调：

function request(onChangeHandler) {
    ...
}
request(function() {
    // change happened
    ...
});

3.节点样式回调（“nodeback”）：

function getStuff(dat, callback) {
    ...
}
getStuff("dataParam", function(err, data) {
    ...
})

4.具有节点样式回调的整个库：

API;
API.one(function(err, data) {
    API.two(function(err, data2) {
        API.three(function(err, data3) {
            ...
        });
    });
});

我如何在promise中使用API，如何“promise”它？

当前回答

我认为@Benjamin的window.onload建议不会一直有效，因为它不会检测加载后是否调用。我已经被那东西咬过很多次了。以下是一个始终有效的版本：

function promiseDOMready() {
    return new Promise(function(resolve) {
        if (document.readyState === "complete") return resolve();
        document.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded", resolve);
    });
}
promiseDOMready().then(initOnLoad);

2015-01-14 04:15:27

其他回答

也许已经回答了，但我通常是这样做的：

// given you've defined this `Future` fn somewhere:
const Future = fn => {return new Promise((r,t) => fn(r,t))}

// define an eventFn that takes a promise `resolver`
const eventFn = resolve => {
  // do event related closure actions here. When finally done, call `resolve()`
  something.oneventfired = e => {resolve(e)}
}

// invoke eventFn in an `async` workflowFn using `Future`
// to obtain a `promise` wrapper
const workflowFn = async () => {await Future(eventFn)}

特别是对于indexedDb事件包装器之类的东西，以简化使用。

或者你可能会发现未来的这种变化更具普遍性

class PromiseEx extends Promise {
  resolve(v,...a) {
    this.settled = true; this.settledValue = v;
    return(this.resolve_(v,...a))
  }
  reject(v,...a) {
    this.settled = false; this.settledValue = v;
    return(this.reject_(v,...a))
  }
  static Future(fn,...args) {
    let r,t,ft = new PromiseEx((r_,t_) => {r=r_;t=t_})
    ft.resolve_ = r; ft.reject_ = t; fn(ft,...args);
    return(ft)
  }
}

2020-12-27 03:56:38

死灵一点，这个链接可能有用。。。。

太长，读不下去了看看这个答案末尾的代码片段示例

编写/转换可调用的函数

cb（错误，结果）或新Promise（…）格式

promiseToCB转换并导出先前编码为返回promise的现有函数cbToPromise转换并导出一个先前编码为调用最后一个参数的现有函数（error，result）如果包装函数提供了多个结果，则结果将是一个结果数组例如cb（undefined，path，stat）--->解析（[path，stat]）/cb（undefine，[path，stat]）asPromise允许您编写一个新函数以返回promise，但它可以以任何方式调用asCallback允许您编写一个新函数来调用cb（err，result），但它可以通过任何方式调用

示例函数

每个样本取2个参数，并基于随机数解决/拒绝/错误。

arg2也可以用于强制通过或失败。（查找“-通过”或“-失败”）。

包装现有函数

将函数导出到当前的“this”（或使用promiseToCB（函数myFunc（）｛｝，newThis）；）


    promiseToCB(function sampleFunc1(arg1,arg2) {
        console.log("deciding:",arg1,arg2);
        return new Promise(function(resolve,reject){
       
           const timer = setTimeout(function(){reject([arg1,arg2,"ouch"].join("-"));},5000);
           
           setTimeout(function(){
               if (arg2.endsWith("-pass") || (!arg2.endsWith("-fail") && Math.random()<0.5)) {
    
                   console.log("complete:",arg1,arg2);
                   clearTimeout(timer);
                   resolve([arg1,arg2,"all good"].join("-"));
               }
           },2000);
        
        });
    });
    
    cbToPromise('sampleFunc2',function someOtherName(arg1,arg2,cb) {
       console.log("deciding:",arg1,arg2);
       const timer = setTimeout(function(){cb([arg1,arg2,"ouch"].join("-"));},5000);
       
       setTimeout(function(){
           if (arg2.endsWith("-pass") || (!arg2.endsWith("-fail") && Math.random()<0.5)) {
               console.log("complete:",arg1,arg2);
               clearTimeout(timer);
               cb(undefined,[arg1,arg2,"all good"].join("-"));
           }
       },2000);
        
    },local);

或者编写嵌入包装器的新函数。

     function sampleFunc3(arg1,arg2) {return asPromise(arguments,function(resolve,reject){
       console.log("deciding:",arg1,arg2);
       const timer = setTimeout(function(){reject([arg1,arg2,"ouch"].join("-"));},5000);
       
       setTimeout(function(){
           if (arg2.endsWith("-pass") || (!arg2.endsWith("-fail") && Math.random()<0.5)) {
               console.log("complete:",arg1,arg2);
               clearTimeout(timer);
               resolve([arg1,arg2,"all good"].join("-"));
           }
       },2000);
        
    });}
    
    function sampleFunc4(arg1,arg2) {return asCallback(arguments,function(cb){
       console.log("deciding:",arg1,arg2);
       const timer = setTimeout(function(){cb([arg1,arg2,"ouch"].join("-"));},5000);
       
       setTimeout(function(){
           if (arg2.endsWith("-pass") || (!arg2.endsWith("-fail") && Math.random()<0.5)) {
               console.log("complete:",arg1,arg2);
               clearTimeout(timer);
               cb(undefined,[arg1,arg2,"all good"].join("-"));
           }
       },2000);
        
    });}

测试上述功能的scipt


    const local = {}; 
    promiseToCB(function sampleFunc1(arg1,arg2) {
        console.log("deciding:",arg1,arg2);
        return new Promise(function(resolve,reject){
       
           const timer = setTimeout(function(){reject([arg1,arg2,"ouch"].join("-"));},5000);
           
           setTimeout(function(){
               if (arg2.endsWith("-pass") || (!arg2.endsWith("-fail") && Math.random()<0.5)) {
    
                   console.log("complete:",arg1,arg2);
                   clearTimeout(timer);
                   resolve([arg1,arg2,"all good"].join("-"));
               }
           },2000);
        
        });
    });
    
    cbToPromise('sampleFunc2',function someOtherName(arg1,arg2,cb) {
       console.log("deciding:",arg1,arg2);
       const timer = setTimeout(function(){cb([arg1,arg2,"ouch"].join("-"));},5000);
       
       setTimeout(function(){
           if (arg2.endsWith("-pass") || (!arg2.endsWith("-fail") && Math.random()<0.5)) {
               console.log("complete:",arg1,arg2);
               clearTimeout(timer);
               cb(undefined,[arg1,arg2,"all good"].join("-"));
           }
       },2000);
        
    },local);
    
    function sampleFunc3(arg1,arg2) {return asPromise(arguments,function(resolve,reject){
       console.log("deciding:",arg1,arg2);
       const timer = setTimeout(function(){reject([arg1,arg2,"ouch"].join("-"));},5000);
       
       setTimeout(function(){
           if (arg2.endsWith("-pass") || (!arg2.endsWith("-fail") && Math.random()<0.5)) {
               console.log("complete:",arg1,arg2);
               clearTimeout(timer);
               resolve([arg1,arg2,"all good"].join("-"));
           }
       },2000);
        
    });}
    
    function sampleFunc4(arg1,arg2) {return asCallback(arguments,function(cb){
       console.log("deciding:",arg1,arg2);
       const timer = setTimeout(function(){cb([arg1,arg2,"ouch"].join("-"));},5000);
       
       setTimeout(function(){
           if (arg2.endsWith("-pass") || (!arg2.endsWith("-fail") && Math.random()<0.5)) {
               console.log("complete:",arg1,arg2);
               clearTimeout(timer);
               cb(undefined,[arg1,arg2,"all good"].join("-"));
           }
       },2000);
        
    });}
    
    const log=console.log.bind(console),info=console.info.bind(console),error=console.error.bind(console);
    
    sampleFunc1("sample1","promise").then (log).catch(error);
    local.sampleFunc2("sample2","promise").then (log).catch(error);
    sampleFunc3("sample3","promise").then (log).catch(error);
    sampleFunc4("sample4","promise").then (log).catch(error);

    sampleFunc1("sample1","callback",info);
    local.sampleFunc2("sample2","callback",info);
    sampleFunc3("sample3","callback",info);
    sampleFunc4("sample4","callback",info);
    
    sampleFunc1("sample1","promise-pass").then (log).catch(error);
    local.sampleFunc2("sample2","promise-pass").then (log).catch(error);
    sampleFunc3("sample3","promise-pass").then (log).catch(error);
    sampleFunc4("sample4","promise-pass").then (log).catch(error);

    sampleFunc1("sample1","callback-pass",info);
    local.sampleFunc2("sample2","callback-pass",info);
    sampleFunc3("sample3","callback-pass",info);
    sampleFunc4("sample4","callback-pass",info);
    
    
    sampleFunc1("sample1","promise-fail").then (log).catch(error);
    local.sampleFunc2("sample2","promise-fail").then (log).catch(error);
    sampleFunc3("sample3","promise-fail").then (log).catch(error);
    sampleFunc4("sample4","promise-fail").then (log).catch(error);
    
    sampleFunc1("sample1","callback-fail",info);
    local.sampleFunc2("sample2","callback-fail",info);
    sampleFunc3("sample3","callback-fail",info);
    sampleFunc4("sample4","callback-fail",info);

2021-06-15 03:42:43

承诺总是有决心和拒绝。当您编写异步包装器时，只需调用resolve即可。

您可以为几乎所有接受回调的函数编写包装函数，如下所示：

const myAsyncWrapper = (...params) =>
  new Promise((resolve, reject) => 
    someFunctionWithCallback(...params, (error, response) =>
      error ? reject(error) : resolve(response)
    )
  );

您可以进一步编写回调到promise的转换函数：

const promisify =
  (functionWithCallback) =>
  (...params) =>
    new Promise((resolve, reject) =>
      functionWithCallback(...params, (error, response) =>
        error ? reject(error) : resolve(response)
      )
    );

当使用较旧的库或SDK时，包装函数的概念尤其有用。例如，考虑FacebookGraph API的JavaScriptSDK，它使用类似的回调结构来发出API请求。

FB.api(apiURL, options, function (request) {
  if (request.error || !request) return;
  // handle request
});

在现代应用程序中，使用基于承诺的API更有用。如果您只使用一个函数一次或两次，则最好单独给出响应：

// in an async function
const response = await new Promise((resolve, reject) =>
  FB.api(apiURL, (res) => (res?.error ? reject(res?.error) : resolve(res)))
);

如果经常使用该函数，可以使用相同的包装器概念来编写如下函数：

const apiWrapper = (...params) =>
  new Promise((resolve, reject) => 
    FB.api(...params, (res) => (res?.error ? reject(res?.error) : resolve(res)))
  );

虽然promisifier有时很好，但它们不适用于这样的特定实例。在这种情况下，在Github上寻找一个现代的包装器，或者像这样编写自己的包装器。

2021-12-30 16:43:00

您可以在ES6中使用本机Promise，例如处理setTimeout：

enqueue(data) {

    const queue = this;
    // returns the Promise
    return new Promise(function (resolve, reject) {
        setTimeout(()=> {
                queue.source.push(data);
                resolve(queue); //call native resolve when finish
            }
            , 10); // resolve() will be called in 10 ms
    });

}

在本例中，Promise没有失败的理由，因此永远不会调用reject（）。

2017-01-22 13:22:52

kriskowal的Q库包含对promise函数的回调。这样的方法：

obj.prototype.dosomething(params, cb) {
  ...blah blah...
  cb(error, results);
}

可以使用Q.invoke进行转换

Q.ninvoke(obj,"dosomething",params).
then(function(results) {
});

2015-04-07 18:30:14

如何将现有回调API转换为promise？

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