我为现代Chrome版本更新了mthoring的解决方案:

function logout(secUrl, redirUrl) {
    if (bowser.msie) {
        document.execCommand('ClearAuthenticationCache', 'false');
    } else if (bowser.gecko) {
        $.ajax({
            async: false,
            url: secUrl,
            type: 'GET',
            username: 'logout'
        });
    } else if (bowser.webkit || bowser.chrome) {
        var xmlhttp = new XMLHttpRequest();
        xmlhttp.open(\"GET\", secUrl, true);
        xmlhttp.setRequestHeader(\"Authorization\", \"Basic logout\");\
        xmlhttp.send();
    } else {
// http://stackoverflow.com/questions/5957822/how-to-clear-basic-authentication-details-in-chrome
        redirUrl = url.replace('http://', 'http://' + new Date().getTime() + '@');
    }
    setTimeout(function () {
        window.location.href = redirUrl;
    }, 200);
}

我刚刚在Chrome(79)、Firefox(71)和Edge(44)上测试了以下程序，效果良好。它应用上面提到的脚本解决方案。

只需添加一个“注销”链接，点击返回以下html

    <div>You have been logged out. Redirecting to home...</div>    

<script>
    var XHR = new XMLHttpRequest();
    XHR.open("GET", "/Home/MyProtectedPage", true, "no user", "no password");
    XHR.send();

    setTimeout(function () {
        window.location.href = "/";
    }, 3000);
</script>

以下功能在Firefox 40、Chrome 44、Opera 31和IE 11上均已确认有效。 Bowser用于浏览器检测，也使用jQuery。 —“secUrl”为密码保护区域的url，用户可以从该url退出。 —“redirUrl”为非密码保护区域的url(注销成功页面)。 你可能想增加重定向计时器(目前是200ms)。

function logout(secUrl, redirUrl) { if (bowser.msie) { document.execCommand('ClearAuthenticationCache', 'false'); } else if (bowser.gecko) { $.ajax({ async: false, url: secUrl, type: 'GET', username: 'logout' }); } else if (bowser.webkit) { var xmlhttp = new XMLHttpRequest(); xmlhttp.open("GET", secUrl, true); xmlhttp.setRequestHeader("Authorization", "Basic logout"); xmlhttp.send(); } else { alert("Logging out automatically is unsupported for " + bowser.name + "\nYou must close the browser to log out."); } setTimeout(function () { window.location.href = redirUrl; }, 200); }

这在基本身份验证中是不可能直接实现的。

在HTTP规范中，服务器没有机制告诉浏览器停止发送用户已经提供的凭据。

有一些“黑客”(参见其他答案)通常涉及使用XMLHttpRequest发送带有错误凭据的HTTP请求，以覆盖最初提供的凭据。

使用会话ID (cookie) 使服务器上的会话ID失效 不接受会话id无效的用户

此JavaScript必须适用于所有最新版本的浏览器:

//Detect Browser
var isOpera = !!window.opera || navigator.userAgent.indexOf(' OPR/') >= 0;
    // Opera 8.0+ (UA detection to detect Blink/v8-powered Opera)
var isFirefox = typeof InstallTrigger !== 'undefined';   // Firefox 1.0+
var isSafari = Object.prototype.toString.call(window.HTMLElement).indexOf('Constructor') > 0;
    // At least Safari 3+: "[object HTMLElementConstructor]"
var isChrome = !!window.chrome && !isOpera;              // Chrome 1+
var isIE = /*@cc_on!@*/false || !!document.documentMode; // At least IE6
var Host = window.location.host;


//Clear Basic Realm Authentication
if(isIE){
//IE
    document.execCommand("ClearAuthenticationCache");
    window.location = '/';
}
else if(isSafari)
{//Safari. but this works mostly on all browser except chrome
    (function(safeLocation){
        var outcome, u, m = "You should be logged out now.";
        // IE has a simple solution for it - API:
        try { outcome = document.execCommand("ClearAuthenticationCache") }catch(e){}
        // Other browsers need a larger solution - AJAX call with special user name - 'logout'.
        if (!outcome) {
            // Let's create an xmlhttp object
            outcome = (function(x){
                if (x) {
                    // the reason we use "random" value for password is 
                    // that browsers cache requests. changing
                    // password effectively behaves like cache-busing.
                    x.open("HEAD", safeLocation || location.href, true, "logout", (new Date()).getTime().toString())
                    x.send("");
                    // x.abort()
                    return 1 // this is **speculative** "We are done." 
                } else {
                    return
                }
            })(window.XMLHttpRequest ? new window.XMLHttpRequest() : ( window.ActiveXObject ? new ActiveXObject("Microsoft.XMLHTTP") : u )) 
        }
        if (!outcome) {
            m = "Your browser is too old or too weird to support log out functionality. Close all windows and restart the browser."
        }
        alert(m);
        window.location = '/';
        // return !!outcome
    })(/*if present URI does not return 200 OK for GET, set some other 200 OK location here*/)
}
else{
//Firefox,Chrome
    window.location = 'http://log:out@'+Host+'/';
}